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Novodevichye cemetery, St. Petersburg: graves of celebrities (photo)

Lovers wander around the old pogosts in search of interesting sculptures, inscriptions or peace, reminiscent of the perishability of all earthly, it will be interesting to know where the Novodevichye cemetery is located in St. Petersburg. It was founded in the middle of the 19th century. In the first year of its existence, only three people were buried on it. But later it became a popular and privileged place of rest. According to the Christian tradition, the churchyard is located near the Orthodox Church of the Resurrection of Christ. Although the women's monastery built near it did not receive its name officially, and most of it was occupied by an educational institution for the upbringing of noble descendants, known to us as the Smolny Institute , adjacent territory for burial of the deceased, is also called the cemetery of the Novodevichy Convent in St. Petersburg.

Pohst for gentlemen

All the monuments, crosses, steles, obelisks, preserved here, are able to impress the visitors of this place. After all, this churchyard was intended for the burial of people belonging to the upper class. Also, members of the creative elite, statesmen, scientists, military leaders were honored to be buried here. Therefore, their friends and relatives were not constrained in the means and manifestation of fantasy in the expression of grief, establishing memorable signs on the graves of their loved ones. Novodevichye cemetery (St. Petersburg) has always been kept in order. They cared not only for graves, but also for the territory adjacent to them. The tracks were sprinkled with sand, planted decorative flower gardens and, of course, watched that nothing was lost from the sites belonging to rich people. And they often left expensive icons and other luxuries in the place of their relatives' repose, capable, in their opinion, to maintain the status of the deceased at a high level.

Lost greatness

Novodevichye cemetery (St. Petersburg) is closed for burials since 1934. And before that, he had to survive the revolution of 1917, during which churches were dismantled, standing on it, looted or desecrated graves, monuments destroyed. For those who did not suffer, there was no one to look after. Close relatives of the deceased buried in them either left abroad or themselves became victims of the revolution, because the Novodevichye cemetery (St. Petersburg) served as a resting place only for people of high social status, who at that time were persecuted in our country. At this graveyard, the last shelter and sisters of the women's monastery were found. Their graves have survived to this day. Till now people come on one of them - blessed Daryushki. This burial is another reason why people are interested in the Novodevichye cemetery (St. Petersburg), how to get there to bow to the grave of the blessed? This woman lived her life meekly and fearfully. People loved her for her kindness toward man. She died at a venerable age, but left a "will". She promised to help everyone coming to honor her memory. But before that you have to cross yourself and read three times, "Theotokos Devo, rejoice!" In 1930, authorities were concerned about saving the remains of famous people. And although the Novodevichye cemetery in St. Petersburg was destroyed and abandoned, the graves of celebrities, for example, the painter AA Ivanov, Pushkin's sister Olga Pavlishcheva, the composer Rimsky-Korsakov were moved to the Alexander Nevsky Lavra.

The churches are also unnecessary

However, during the Great October Revolution , not only burials were affected. Three churches were also dismantled, the location of which was the Novodevichye Cemetery (St. Petersburg). The first of them - the Church of Our Lady, Joy of All Who Sorrow - was built in 1856 according to the project of EI Zhibera. This temple was built at the expense of AK Karamzina, who lost her husband during the Crimean War. He died in battle near Klafat. Buried AN Karamzin was there at the Novodevichy Cemetery, and several years later his widow also lay beside him. In the autumn of 1883, the small church of Elijah the Prophet was illuminated, which became a burial vault for the wealthy St. Petersburg timber merchant Ilya Gromov. Lined with glazed brick, the building was designed by LN Benois. The wooden Kazan church standing in the cemetery territory suffered from the hands of revolutionaries.

Another test

High position in society during life after death could not help those whose place of last rest became the Novodevichye cemetery (St. Petersburg). The graves of celebrities, photos of which are presented in this article, could be destroyed in the same way as those that were liquidated in the late 60's. This was done not by vandals, but by municipal services in accordance with the decision of the Leningrad City Executive Committee of 16.09.1968. They removed orphaned burials and monuments that did not represent artistic and historical value. Thus decided to refine the Novodevichy Cemetery (St. Petersburg). The list of burial places that were destroyed during this action is presented in the guidebook compiled by AV Kobak and Yu. M. Priyutko. Only in 1964 got rid of 400 gravestones. Nowadays it is established that the importance of some burials was understated, and thus part of the history of St. Petersburg was lost.

Keep the old days

In modern society they understand how important it is to cherish the memory of their ancestors. At the Novodevichy cemetery there are ancient graves, for which relatives care, and there are some who are taken care of by organizations, others are supported by donations. For example, the Military Medical Academy raised funds and restored the monument to the doctor of medicine Alexei Troyanov. The Institute for the Advancement of Physicians pays tribute to the first director of this institution, E. Eischwald, annually caring for his grave. Students of the Institute of Railway Transport Engineers on a voluntary basis restored 23 gravestones belonging to former graduates of this educational institution, among which there were many outstanding people who participated in the famous construction sites of our vast homeland. The Society of St. Petersburg is trying to preserve the historical necropolis. The city also allocates budgetary funds, for example, in order to improve the territory. Due to such income, the fence was replaced and the administrative building was repaired. Such places are valuable in that you can easily come and visit a famous person and thus touch the history of our country. Therefore, I want such graves to look dignified and correspond to the former greatness of their "tenants".

Famous personalities

What do you need to know for those who are going to visit the Novodevichye Cemetery (St. Petersburg)? Who is buried there, of course. Of particular interest are the graves of famous people. It is very interesting to see exactly which tombstones are installed on the sites of their burial. For example, the monument to MA Vrubel is a simple pedestal of stacked blocks of black granite stacked on top of each other. Is it worthy of the famous artist who painted the paintings "Demon", "Pan", "Swan" is not quite clear construction? Surely it causes disappointment in the visitors of the cemetery. This monument was restored after the destruction. But the monument, installed on the grave of NA Nekrasov, has survived to this day such as the sculptor created it. M. A. Chizhov in 1881. For many famous people served as the last shelter Novodevichye cemetery (St. Petersburg). The graves of celebrities, photos of which are presented in this article, attract visitors, as well as graves with a special history. For example, the monument of the Savior on the site of the resting of the wife of General A. A. Vershinin by PI Küfferle, established in 1915, according to legend, fulfills the wishes. Therefore, people come to him and bring notes with their requests.

Many familiar names

It is impossible to list all those who were buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery within the framework of one article. Let's dwell on a few interesting surnames. December 12, 1889 the famous physician-therapist S. P. Botkin died. He was an outstanding medical figure and at the age of 29 he was promoted to professor. During his lifetime, the Alexander Hospital, now named in his honor, was built. His monument is a bust standing on a high narrow granite pedestal.

In 1873, the famous poet FI Tyutchev died in Tsarskoe Selo. The shelter for his soul was the Novodevichye cemetery (St. Petersburg), a photo of which can be seen in this article. Just like on the nearby graves of his loved ones, on his grave lies a tombstone of black marble, and at the headboard there is a cross made of the same material, only white, adorned with carvings. This family place was restored to the bicentennial of the poet.

Buried here and the founder of Russian science of mushrooms, MS Voronin. He left a rich heritage to the current scientists, including descriptions and drawings of lower organisms, made with great precision. These materials are in demand to this day, although the scientist died in 1871. On his grave there is a simple cross, standing on a pedestal made of granite carved in the form of an ordinary stone.

A simple rectangle of white marble and a flower girl from the same material, are set at the burial place of literary critic Gosenpud Abram Akimovich. He lived a long life and during the time allotted to him on this earth, managed to write a lot of research papers, articles and books. Most of them he devoted to his favorite theme - the musical theater. Thanks to his works, we learn about the creativity and life of artists and musicians: Chaliapin, Rimsky-Korsakov, Tchaikovsky, Ershov and others. He also studied drama, translated and wrote the libretto of Shabalin's opera The Taming of the Shrew. He died at the age of 96 years.

Who are they

It is very important that on some tombstones, as if caring for the descendants to know who lies beneath them, indicated the kind of lifetime activity of the deceased, as, for example, on the monument to Efremov, PA Wife, setting it on the grave of an expensive spouse, wished to indicate Not only the dates of his life and death, but also that he was a famous bibliographer and bibliophile. And it really is. Petr Aleksandrovich studied the history of Russian literature, searched and published works by famous poets: Lermontov, Batiushkov, Pushkin, Ryleev, Zhukovsky and others. Unfortunately, after his death, his rich collection of books, portraits, drawings was sold out.

An unusual monument was erected on the grave of the scientist, rector of the Polytechnic Institute. It is a large stone pyramid, set on four small ones with truncated tops. Shchukin NL did projects on which locomotives 1-3-0 and 0-4-0 type were built. The 4th class passenger car, freight car, Baku-Batumi oil pipeline were also built under his leadership.

Lieutenant-General N. Suslov is still buried here. He taught at the Nikolayev Navigational School, served in the Baltic, took part in hydrographic works. His name is the mountain, cape and peninsula.

Road to the necropolis

We named several famous people buried here, although in fact they are much more on this pogost. Learning about this, some of the readers will probably want to visit the Novodevichy Cemetery (St. Petersburg). How to get there? Come to St. Petersburg, take the metro and get to the "Moscow Gate", and then walk along Moscow Avenue. It is also possible to take a shuttle bus № К36, К 350, К213, trolleybuses № 15, 17, as well as buses № 2MA, 2М to the stop "Tram park № 1". For those who go by car to see the Novodevichye Cemetery (St. Petersburg), the address is: Moscow Avenue, 100.

Slight, but noticeable

In addition to the graves of famous people, monuments and tombstones of interest to sculpture lovers are found on this graveyard. It is represented here in all its diversity. Expressing their grief, people embody their fantasies. Many of them are understandable, the meaning of others is known only to the close people of the deceased. An anchor with a chain indicates the connection of the deceased person to the sea and, indeed, in this place is Admiral Avinov AP. But here the plate on a granite tree with severed branches does not help to understand that the poet Anisimov is lying under it. Cemetery and typical monuments: crosses, mourning angels and simple rectangular plates. One of them is installed on the grave of a woman who lived for 100 years. On the graveyard there are also crypts and chapels, but they are empty, only their external architecture is noteworthy.

Although the Novodevichye cemetery is considered buried, burials on it are kept to this day. And there is nothing illegal in this. It is allowed to bury the urns after the cremation of bodies on the graves of relatives, and for these purposes a site along the monastery fence is allocated. Novodevichye cemetery, thanks to the efforts of city services, commercial organizations and ordinary citizens, has ceased to look abandoned. Its territory is regularly cleaned, grasses are cut, garbage is taken out. So this place became quite accessible for visiting by fans of historical necropolises.

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