Monitor: basic characteristics, types and quality. Computer monitor

According to sociological research, a significant part of the inhabitants of civilized countries spend up to 10 hours in front of the monitor daily. And people do it both at work and at home. This means that the quality of monitors should be at a height that will avoid problems with vision and prevent rapid fatigue of the user of the PC.

CRT options

A computer monitor is a device designed to visually display graphic and textual information. For many decades, the variants were mainly produced with a kinescope (electron beam device, CRT). Those who have such an old monitor, know that they use a phosphor. Its grains glow under the influence of electron beams. Three types of phosphor are used, separated by color characteristics into blue, red and green. Today CRT monitors, which are characterized by a large body volume, are rarely used, and on sale they can not be found for a long time.

LCD-models

To create a monitor for this technology, fluorescent lamps are used. Liquid crystal (LCD) display devices have a smaller body volume. At the same time, the power consumption of the monitor is much lower than in the case of models of other types. In addition, compared to the CRT-based versions, they have the ability to reproduce the picture more qualitatively and do not allow distortion.

PDP

The action of plasma or PDP-monitors is based on the phenomenon of luminescence of phosphor grains, when ultraviolet rays appearing on them, arising during an electric discharge in a plasma. On such devices, the "picture" is bright and saturated, and they themselves have a long service life, reaching 30 years or more. The latter circumstance is an undoubted advantage of PDF-models in comparison with the majority of competitors who lose their properties after 10 years.

LED-monitors

The brightness of the backlight is one of the most important factors affecting eye fatigue. To reduce their fatigue, you need to reduce it to a minimum comfortable value. From this point of view, the most preferred are devices using LEDs exhibiting high efficiency. The advantages of LED-monitors are high quality (clarity) images, as well as compactness and durability. True, the budget options presented on the market may disappoint, because for the sake of economy manufacturers use inexpensive pulse width modulators in them, because of which a blinking effect appears, which negates all the advantages of using LED lighting.

OLED monitors

This is a rather rare type of information display devices, based on the technology of organic light-emitting diodes. The main advantage of such monitors is the ability to create a flexible monitor screen. In addition, due to the peculiarities of the technologies used, when viewing such displays at any angle, the picture quality does not change.

Laser Monitors

Such devices are still novelties. They are characterized by high contrast and brightness, and also have very short response times and low energy consumption.

Monitor: Main Features

Choosing a device for displaying information, you need to first study its technical parameters. The main characteristics of monitors are:

• Contrast . This parameter shows the difference between the lightest and darkest portion of the display surface. The larger the value, the better the monitor is.
• Brightness . The parameter determines the maximum specific luminosity of the display surface, and its unit of measurement is 1 nit, equal to a ratio of 1 cd to 1 square. M.
• Permission . This is one of the most important parameters that you pay attention to when choosing a computer monitor. It determines the number of all the pixels that the displayed image is formed. The higher the resolution, the sharper the image displayed on the monitor screen.
• Frequency of horizontal sweep. This parameter is measured in hertz and shows the frequency of the display of the image on the monitor screen.
• Vertical frequency. The parameter characterizes the greatest number of horizontal lines displayed by the electron beam on the screen per unit. Time.

What to look for when choosing a monitor: size

As already mentioned, it is usually recommended to choose high-resolution models. However, people with visual impairments should take advantage of the following recommendations: for FullHD (1920x1080), the optimal diagonal should be 23-24 inches, at a resolution of 1920 by 1200 pixels - 24 inches, for 1680 by 1050 pixels. - 22 inches, and for 2560 by 1440 - 27 inches. If these proportions are observed, the user will not tire of eyes and there will be no problems with reading, as well as viewing small icons and interface controls.

As for the aspect ratio of the monitor, the most popular and popular at the moment: 4 by 3, 16 by 10 and 16 by 9. However, the square (4: 3) is actively being squeezed out of the market, as it does not allow for good quality to watch films that , As a rule, have a wide format, as close as possible to 16: 9. In addition, monitors of this form have a poor view, preventing you from getting the most out of video games.

The best option for professionals

For those who need a monitor not for entertainment, you should choose widescreen models with proportions 16:10. They are great for working with 3D / 2D graphics and code in just a few windows. At the same time, such monitors are more familiar for viewing angles of the human eye and are a compromise between the variants with proportions of 4: 3 and 16: 9.

Tips for selection (brightness and contrast)

Many people know the situation when in the daytime the "picture" on the monitor looks faded. In order not to experience inconvenience and not to damage your eyesight, you should choose models with high contrast. They better display black, semitones and shades. It is believed that a good indicator is a static contrast ratio of 1000 to 1 and higher. It is calculated by the ratio of the maximum brightness (white color) to the minimum.

In addition, some manufacturers indicate in the technical characteristics of the monitor its dynamic contrast. This is an indicator on which the ability of monitor lamps to automatically adjust to certain parameters that are displayed at the moment on the screen depends.

For example, if a dark scene appears in the film or game, the lamps begin to burn brighter, which increases the visibility and contrast. However, such a system rarely works correctly, and light areas are usually heavily highlighted.

Communication ports

At the moment, monitors with analog D-Sub input are still present in stores with a screen resolution of more than 1680 by 1050 pixels. The problem is that this interface is already outdated. It is not always able to provide the required data transmission speed for resolutions exceeding 1680 by 1050 pixels. As a result, blurred areas appear on the display.

To exclude such a situation, you need to have a DVI-port or DisplayPort on the monitor. Their availability is the standard for modern monitors. It's also good if there is an HDMI port that is suitable for watching HD video from the console or from an external player. If it is, then it can be combined with DVI, using the appropriate adapter for the monitor.

Types of matrices

There are several of them:

- TN , which suits fans of video games, allows you to surf the Internet and use any programs. However, it is not the best choice for watching movies, because it has poor viewing angles and "weak" black.

- IPS-matrix, which is suitable for watching movies, working with color and photos, games, Internet surfing, use of office programs. In other words, it is universal, so the monitors based on it today are the most popular. Judging by the reviews, such devices are more popular with buyers than others, they have large viewing angles and the best color rendition in the world among other models.

Among the shortcomings should be noted the large weight and dimensions, significant power consumption, low speed of pixel response, etc. In addition, they are quite expensive, and they have a high input-lag.

Most popular monitors: reviews

Among the variety of offers in the market, it is difficult for buyers to make the right choice. Help determine the reviews that are left on the specialized forums by those who use this or that monitor.

The main characteristics of specific models are put by users at the forefront, along with design and price. If we proceed from these parameters, then the best choice is:

• DELL U2412M. The diagonal of the monitor in cm is 60.96, and in inches - 24. The resolution is 1920 by 1200 pixels. Used WLED backlight and matrix TFT E-IPS. Among other characteristics: brightness - 300 cd / sq. M, the contrast is 1000: 1, there is an anti-reflective coating. The model is in a sense a veteran in the market and has collected a large number of positive feedback, including those indicating a high quality of assembly. The only drawback is the pixel response time of 8 ms.
• Samsung S24D590PL. This is a fairly inexpensive device, which is very popular. Monitor specifications: the diagonal is 23.6 inches and the resolution of FullHD 1920 is 1080 pixels. The TFT AD-PLS matrix and the Flicker-Free backlight are used. The contrast is 1000 to 1, and the brightness is 250 cd / sq. M. The monitor has a beautiful color rendition, there are no corner lights and a stylish and accurate stand is provided. Among the disadvantages can be attributed to the unevenness of the illumination.
• DELL U2414H. A beautiful non-glare monitor. The main characteristics: the diagonal of the display is 23.8 inches, the brightness is 250 cd / sq. M, the contrast is 1000 to 1. The disadvantages of the monitor, judging from the reviews, include uneven white field illumination, which is especially noticeable around the corners of the screen.
• ASUS MX279H. It's a pretty big and expensive high-end monitor. The main characteristics: the resolution of 1920 to 1080 pixels, the diagonal - 27 inches, the brightness - 250 cd / sq. M, TFT AH-IPS matrix. The monitor has excellent picture quality and build quality. In addition, it is suitable for viewing FullHD movies and games.
• BenQ BL2411PT. Judging by the reviews, this device is worth the money that it is required to pay for it. Technical characteristics of the monitor: the diagonal of the screen is 24 inches, the brightness of the display is 300 cd / sq. M. It is equipped with TFT IPS-matrix with a resolution of 1920 by 1200 pixels. Disadvantages: there is no HDMI-adapter for the monitor, uncomfortable menu.
• DELL P2414H. This rather cheap monitor for office and home use is based on the quality TFT IPS-matrix. The diagonal of the screen is 24 inches. Resolution - FullHD 1920 by 1080 pixels. Other parameters: contrast 1000 to 1 and brightness 250 cd / sq. M. The main advantage - an excellent image saturation and high build quality. Buyers note that when working with this monitor, the eyes get tired much less than when other models are used. However, the model costs a little more, which is its main drawback.
• AOC i2757Fm. Quite good quality monitor with a screen diagonal of 27 inches. Resolution - FullHD 1920 by 1080 pixels. TFT AH-IPS matrix is used. There are built-in speakers. The monitor features a stylish design and soft backlight.
• ASUS PA238Q. This is a good monitor from ASUS, which costs 350 dollars. The diagonal of the screen is 23 inches, and the resolution is FullHD. Among other characteristics, it should be noted that the brightness is 250 cd / sq. M and the response is 6 ms. The monitor is in demand due to inexpensive price, wide viewing angles, high quality of assembly and stylish design.
• ASUS PB278Q. This is quite an expensive model with a diagonal of 27 inches, with a resolution of 2560 by 1440 pixels. As the reviews show, buyers give it preference because of the quality picture, the presence of built-in speakers and quick response, allowing you to play any video games. Among the shortcomings is the low quality of the assembly. In particular, according to customers' feedback, in the process of operation, the plastic frame "departs" from the screen, and dust gets clogged there.
• AOC g2460Pqu. This 24-inch model is equipped with a TFT TN matrix. The resolution is 1920 by 1080 pixels. Brightness - 350 cd / sq. M, and the contrast is 1000: 1 at a response time of 1 ms. The monitor is perfect for those who do not imagine life without computer games. In addition, it has wide viewing angles and even illumination. It is also considered an excellent choice in terms of a small load on the eyes.

If you want to change your old monitor, the tips presented above will help you decide which model suits you best.