Level - a device for measuring the difference in altitude

Level - a device that is used in geodesy to determine the difference in altitude between different points. This device can be used in many areas. As a rule, these are construction works at the stage of adjusting foundations or floors, marking up land, installing various frame structures, installing drainage systems, internal repair work in the premises, and much more. There are three main versions of the device, depending on the principle of its operation: optical, laser and digital.

The most common and simple levels

The optical leveler is the simplest and most common. Its main elements are the telescope, which has a sighting axis, and a cylindrical level. Based on the work site, the operator independently adjusts the pipe, which rotates around its own axis. Calculation of the distance here is due to the reiki with centimeter marks and the range finder, which consists of three strands. Divisions, the distance between which is 10 millimeters, can be applied with white, black or red paint. In order to simplify the calculation, every five of them are grouped together, forming the letter "E". In order to take readings, you need to calculate the number of divisions between the lines. Optical level is a device that increases the risk of mistakes. In this regard, it is very important to monitor the correct installation of the device. It must be fixed with a screw in the form of a screw so that a smooth stroke of the lifting screws is ensured. At the same time, it is necessary that the level bubble be in the same position even when the pipe is turned in opposite directions.

The most accurate measuring instruments

The laser level differs from the previous kind by its internal device and the principle of operation. Deviations in the case of using such a device are determined by a beam projected onto the surface by means of a pendulum that is built into the housing. It should be noted that it is automatically leveled. Something similar has been used since ancient times. Then magnets were installed under the pendulum. They created a magnetic field, which, in turn, did not allow the pendulum to swing. Nowadays laser level is a device that provides the most accurate results. Speaking about the principle of its work, one can not forget about one more important element - the optical system. It consists of three diodes creating a beam. When electricity passes through them, photons appear which, after reflection from the mirror walls, emerge from the transparent region of the conductor in the form of a powerful light flux. After overcoming the whole system of lenses, a beam projected onto the surface appears.

Digital Levels

Digital level - a device that, in its structure and operation principle, is similar in many respects to the optical one. The main difference is in the process of taking samples from the rack. In the electronic device it is automatic. The processor reads the data, and then displays it on the screen. Control of such a device occurs by using a keyboard. Due to the fact that the calculations are automatic, they are more accurate, because in this case, the human factor is excluded, that is, the possibility of operator error.