Cutting tool: varieties, properties and scope

Currently in the industrial industry in many machines used tools such as cutters. There are different types of these products. They are used in turning, planing, turning-revolving, grooving, special machines. Classify cutters according to the type of work that they perform, that is, they are cut-off, through, boring, threaded, pruned, shaped. Let us consider in detail the cutter.

Description and design features

Cutting tool is used in lathes for cutting metal products and for making narrow grooves in details. This device may have a different design. For each type of turning operations, special types of incisors are used. It all depends on the type of treatment. For example, grooves in the workpiece are made with a groove cutter. The cutting head of such a device is similar to the shape of the groove being made. It all depends on the size of the required groove. When using hard metal, you have to perform several passes in order to make a groove.

Cutting tools are cut by the following characteristics.

• In the direction: right and left, bent and straight.
• According to the type of metal finish: cutting tool for roughing, finishing and fine machining.
• In section form: round, square and rectangular.
• By difference in installation in relation to the detail: radial and tangential incisors.
• Further, these devices differ depending on the design of the chip breaking device and the material from which they are made.

The cutting tool operates in difficult conditions. Any unnecessary load can lead to failure of this device due to the fact that its working surface is too small. If the cutter is properly sharpened and installed, its breakage can be avoided. To increase the service life of this product, solder the plate into the protruded corner groove. To prevent breakage of the cutting tool or shortening of the protrusion on the end of the workpiece, the cutter should be installed no higher or lower than the axis. The brittle materials are treated at an angle of about 5-10 °.

Cutting lathe - product installation

This process is not too complicated. Cutters made of solid metal are very common, and these devices with a carbide soldered plate are used a little less often. Since in use the head of this product is subject to strong lateral friction, then it should be reduced by 1-2 degrees. And mount such a device to the sharpened object at a right angle. The essential point in the installation is to find the cutting tool exactly in the center of the part. This is not unimportant in this case. In turning operations with brittle materials, the cutting tool used is installed at small angles - 5-10 degrees. Otherwise, the bar may break. For high-speed tools, the working speed should be in the range of 25 to 30 m / minute, and for these products with hard alloy soldering, from 125 to 150 m / min.

Tip

It should be remembered that the cutter should be properly installed and sharpened, otherwise it may break down. To increase the strength and rigidity of the head of the product, its height is greater than that of the rod. It is also necessary to know that in order to prevent tearing off the holder of the plate, it is advisable to tap it in the corner groove, which will lead to an increase in its fitting area and the operational life of the cutter.