Leningrad Heating System of a Private House: Features, Scheme, Benefits and Feedback

In private housing construction, the single-tube Leningrad heating system still remains one of the most widespread. Because of economic expediency, it is used everywhere. Before making it the main source of heat in your home, you should familiarize yourself with the schemes, pluses and minuses, reviews and characteristics.

Features of the Leningrad heating system

If we consider single-tube heating systems, it can be noted that they can have different configurations. "Leningradka" is one of these varieties. Whatever the single-tube heating scheme, in it the devices are connected to one distributing manifold by two connections. This indicates that the highway acts as a return and supply pipeline.

The Leningrad heating system assumes the movement of water along a closed collector, which looks like a ring. The heat carrier supplies heat to the battery and takes cold water. In the role of a distinctive feature from other schemes is the lower wiring and horizontal system, as well as the connection of heating devices from different sides.

Principle of operation

After passing through the first battery, some of the water cools and mixes with the hot water that flows through the collector. This causes a decrease in temperature. The second radiator receives less heat, and to get a certain heat output its size increases.

In order to achieve the goal of an even distribution of heat across batteries, the supply line must have certain parameters, consisting of a diameter that is twice as large as the supply. Thus, if a DN10 pipe is used to connect the radiator, the connection of the line is carried out using products marked DN20. In this case, the letter designation is the diameter of the inner passage of the pipe.

Main advantages

The Leningrad heating system is so popular because of the many advantages. The main speakers are:

• Simplicity in installation;
• Low costs for materials.

The last statement can be considered controversial, because the cost will depend on the selected pipe material. If you use steel or polypropylene products, the one-pipe "Leningrad" will win the cost of a two-pipe system, because the fittings in this case will cost cheap.

However, if the device uses polyethylene or metal-plastic pipes, the scheme will assume the use of an impressive diameter of the supply line. This entails the use of larger diameter fittings, which will cost more, and the cost of materials and work will be higher.

Simplicity of installation and necessity of calculations

The Leningrad heating system is quite simply installed. If you work that person who understands at least a little about this issue, then he will cope with the task. The difficulty is expressed in the fact that before the installation it is necessary to perform the correct calculation of the pipeline and the power of the batteries, taking into account the coolant cooling intensity. If you assemble the system at random, the result will be deplorable, only the first three batteries will be warmed up, while the rest will remain cold.

The "Leningrad" scheme

Considering other heating systems, you can understand that they differ by the presence of two pipes, one of which is a return flow, the other is a feed. The Leningrad heating system of a private house is installed using only one supply pipe. This saves material and reduces construction costs.

In Russia, this system appeared during the years of Soviet power, when housing construction was carried out in large numbers, and it was necessary to build quickly, much and economically. For the first time this scheme was used in the construction of houses in Leningrad, this gave the name of the system. The Leningrad system of heating a private house assumes a one-pipe gasket. Radiators are connected in series.

When the device does not have a circulation pump, the circuit can be equipped only in houses of a small area or buildings with one floor. But if the system is equipped with a pump, then it will cope with heating a multi-storey building of an impressive area. The choice of the heating scheme should be carried out during the design phase of the building. This is explained by the fact that it will be difficult to change radiators and pipes in an operated house.

How to solve problems

The shortcomings and flaws will be manifested in the winter, when the heating system will work with all intensity. The Leningrad home heating system must take into account the peculiarity that the coolant passing through the radiators will gradually cool down. In the final device, the temperature of the water will be lower, so it should be greater than the rest. If it is a question of cast-iron radiators, then the number of sections should be increased, whereas when using panel instruments, their area should be taken into account. This should be attributed to the shortcomings of this scheme.

The downside is also that in this scheme it is rather difficult to adjust the temperature in each heating device. But for the normal operation of the system, it is necessary to install a powerful circulating pump. It creates the required pressure in the pipeline.

The main disadvantages of the "Leningrad"

Experts believe that the merits of the Leningrad scheme of heating are very illusory. The system is easy to install, but the master will necessarily have difficulty in dismantling. Such a scheme is cheap to be cheap only when the assembly is carried out using certain materials, which are not satisfied by all.

An important drawback is also expressed in the fact that it is problematic to regulate the heat transfer of the radiator with the help of thermostatic valves . This consequence stems from the principle of work. If such valves are installed, then the circuit can operate in a different manner. It is the first battery to heat the room to the desired temperature, and the valve to shut off the water supply, as its main volume rushes to the second radiator, the thermostat of which will begin to fire. Such a scheme of operation will operate until the very last instrument, and upon cooling the process will repeat, but it will be the reverse.

If everything is calculated correctly, the system will warm more or less evenly, otherwise the last radiators will not heat up at all. Considering the disadvantages of the Leningrad heating system, it is worth noting also that it will work reliably with forced circulation if the pump was conceived as part of a centralized network. If it is necessary to use an energy-dependent system without a pump, "Leningrad" can not be a good option. To obtain intensive heat transfer with natural circulation, it is recommended to use a vertical one-pipe or two-pipe system.

Reviews about the features of the installation of a horizontal "Leningrad"

The Leningrad heating system, the scheme of which was described above, can be arranged horizontally. It, according to users, is easy to install. Even novice home masters point out that the work does not require knowledge and special skills. Horizontal construction involves the laying of a trunk pipeline on top of the floor covering or in the floor.

In the latter case, it is possible to improve the circulation of the coolant. At the same time, home masters advise to ensure good thermal insulation of the highway, because the horizontal scheme is characterized by an increased level of heat loss.

The Leningrad heating system, the advantages and disadvantages of which have been discussed above, involves the installation of the main pipe at an inclination with respect to the direction of movement of water or antifreeze. The heating devices are installed at the same level. Consumers are advised to remove air from the system before starting, for this purpose a Maevsky crane is installed on each battery .

Conclusion

The Leningrad system of heating a private house, the features of which you must know, can also be laid along a vertical scheme. In this case, it is necessary to solve the issue of forced circulation of water, for this purpose a pump is used. After the creation of such a system, the elements providing heating are heated to the required temperature more quickly.

The main drawback of the vertical layout of the "Leningrad" arrangement is its not very aesthetic appearance. In addition, it is important to allocate one more minus, which is expressed in the restriction on the length. Thus, if you do not use a circular pump, then the length of the trunk can not be more than 30 m.