Delegation is a management task at the scale of the family, enterprise, state

Delegation is, in fact, a change in the entity responsible for a particular area of activity or task. This process takes place in many areas of human life. So, parents, sending a child for bread, impose on him the performance of a simple everyday task. At the same time, the performer receives instructions (usually on the degree of freshness of the purchased product and the number of its units), financial resources and, possibly, remuneration ("for the commission of buy yourself something"). This simple example illustrates the transfer of authority.

Why is delegation so important ? This is easily explained by the need to perform many tasks on a daily basis. Person, organization, power structure - the success or effectiveness of each of these subjects depends on the quality and speed of the implementation of the relevant functions.

Within the family, delegation is a process that has no formal fixation. It is rather a custom, the observance of which by all members of the "cell of society", helps relatives to meet the needs that they face on a daily basis in the most qualitative way. So, a woman who lingers at work can delegate to her spouse the duty of preparing dinner. A schoolboy who is unable to assess the correctness of his homework, can transfer this "authority" to one of his parents or other older relatives.

The essence of the procedure, which is repeated daily in each family, is analogous to that which takes place in organizations. However, in the latter case, delegation is a permanent process, the rules of which are reflected in the official documents of the enterprise. In other words, if the manager is faced with the complexity of the legal nature, he appoints the chief of the legal department responsible for solving the problem, who can transfer the task to his competent subordinate.

So, the "redirection" of the assignment to a third person in the family and in the company differs by the degree of formalization of the process, the scale of the consequences and, consequently, the degree of responsibility. However, in both cases, delegation is the transfer of routine duties, specialized work and authority to resolve preparatory matters.

At the state level, redirecting responsibility is much more difficult than in the described cases. Delegation of authority is, in this situation, a bureaucratic process. It requires coordination in various instances and a long time.

In fact, state power arose as a result of delegation. The sovereignty of the people delegates powers to the bodies through free expression of will - elections, referendum.

Delegating authority to municipal authorities is a necessity, without which it is impossible to imagine the effective management of such a huge state as Russia. Historical experience proves that the centralization of a unitary state leads to bureaucratization, the scale of which is obviously directly proportional to the size of the country's territory.