Lakes of Russia. The deepest lake in Russia. Names of lakes of Russia. The largest lake in Russia

Water has always acted on a person not only fascinating, but also soothing. They came to her and told about their sorrows, in her imperturbable waters they found special pacification and harmony. That's why the numerous lakes of Russia are so remarkable!

Beauty and charm of the water surface

Calm mirror surface - this is standing water, surrounded on all sides by the banks. Another place of worship, aesthetic pleasure. What are the lakes? They can be deep (sometimes deeper than the seas) and shallow, fresh and salty, large in area and small, of volcanic, tectonic, moraine origin. Their age is also different. There are no ugly or boring, the map of rivers and lakes of Russia shows that there are an infinite number of them, and each of them is beautiful and perfect in its own way.

Surely any traveler who has visited this country at least once, or the inhabitant will have his favorite or even sacred lake. In any case, their visit is highly recommended. Once you see Lake Baikal or Lake Teletskoe and you will fall in love with it once and for all! This is the place of power that fills with energy after the working years, the stuffy city air and long social contact. It is important not only to contemplate with awe the beauty, but also to guard it.

Deep depth of Baikal

What is the deepest lake in Russia? Of course, this is a mysterious and unique Baikal! Even a schoolboy heard about him. It's just a magical and unique place with pure-pure water, which has a deep blue hue at all times. If there is not a cloud in the sky, the surface of the water becomes just emerald! The deep lake is a high ecological value and is included in the UNESCO list. The water here is fresh, and the depth reaches 1,642 meters, which makes it comparable to the depths of the Arctic Ocean (depth 1220 meters). If suddenly there is no fresh water , the deepest lake in Russia will be able to quench the thirst of the population of the whole world for 50 years, since it makes up one fifth of all reserves.

It is considered to be the oldest lake. Think about it - its age is 25 million years! Its depth is due to a large crack in the earth's crust. The continental depression gradually increases. The largest is the island of Olkhon, stretching for 71 kilometers. It divides the Baikal into the Lesser (eastern part) and the Great Sea (the western part).

The waters here are crystal clear, so you can see deep into 40 meters, which makes it possible to distinguish local deep-sea inhabitants. The water temperature is usually around +8 degrees Celsius. Also Baikal is famous for its hot springs. Two large cities, which are located near its waters - this is Irkutsk and Ulan-Ude. Near the calm surface of the lake is not quite serene. Earthquakes are small and big here happen all the time.

Pearl of Karelia - Onega Lake

Baikal is the most beautiful place, but there are also other lakes in Russia that conquer travelers with their mystery. These include Onega. It even began to be called the sea, since it is the second largest in Europe after Ladoga. The length of the lake is 245 kilometers, the greatest depth is 130 meters. Since the distant glacial period, there have been many local inhabitants - fish and amphibians. This place is a mine of prey for fishing enthusiasts. The northern terrain is ideal for the dwelling of valuable fish species: trout, salmon, sterlet.

Lake Peipsi - the greatness of the dunes

Where does one of the largest and most beautiful lakes stretch? In the northern regions, like most others. Lake Peipus is located near Latvia and Estonia. It separates these two countries from the Pskov region. The longest length is 90 kilometers, and the width is 47 kilometers. The lake is constantly replenished with water from many streams and large streams. What are the remarkable shores of Lake Peipsi from the north? They represent a continuous chain of dunes that extend into the distance. Their height is quite impressive - about eight, and here and there and all 10 meters. Closer to the west, the dunes become more flat. The southern side is the boulders of Finnish granite.

There is also an islet, lost in a brilliant watery surface. It is located in the south of the lake and has the name "Wish" ("Mezha"). It also houses two small villages.

No less interesting for travelers is the western part of Peipsi Lake. The beaches in this area have their own unique outlines. Calm bays are combined with steep promontories and a shallow shore. These capes are so high that they reach up to 24 meters. The depth of the lake is 7.5 meters. What is the bottom? It consists mainly of sand, clayey and sandy ooze. It is not such a crystal clear body of water as Lake Baikal or the Alps, from an aesthetic point of view. Wet precipitation makes the water cloudy. This place also did not remain without the attention of the fishermen. The vast waters are rich in a variety of fish. There is burbot, pikeperch, salmon and others.

The Great Ladoga

How beautiful are the names of the lakes of Russia! For example, Ladoga Lake, which captivates us with the beauty of the nature of the North and became a savior during the Second World War. The northern banks are dotted with labyrinths of straits. There are even islands and trees growing on them. The bottom relief systematically increases from the south (51 meters) to the north (depth 230 meters).

There are a lot of islets that are frozen in the shape of sheer bizarre rocks, their height reaches 70 meters. The eastern coast is not as rugged as the western shore, where you can find forests and bushes. Lake Ladoga feeds on the waters of thirty-two rivers. It flows from the Neva River, a full-flowing river, the length of which reaches 74 kilometers.

By the way, there are a lot of rainy days here, although the greatest amount of precipitation occurs in the warm season. The winds are marked quite strong, which leads to excitement on the lake. The height of the waves can reach four meters. The water temperature in the warm season rests at around +8 degrees Celsius.

The Caspian Sea-Lake

It is not only the world's largest lake, but also quite deep. Although scientifically accepted as its sea. The deep lakes of Russia in their own way are mysterious and interesting for the traveler. In the northern part the depth is small - only 5 meters. In the middle it is already getting deeper - 20 meters. The southern part of the Caspian Sea is the deepest - reaches 1025.

This sea or lake is unevenly salty. In places where the mouth of the river is located, the water is more fresh. The water level in the lake is 25 meters below the ocean. On the shore there are such large cities as Baku, Makhachkala. The climate is sharply continental, so low temperatures are observed in winter and quite high in summer. Large rivers flow into the Caspian Sea : Terek, Ural, Volga.

Salty lake of Chany

There are also saline lakes in Russia, for example Chany. It is located in the Novosibirsk region and belongs to the drainage. The word "vats" in translation from Turkic means "big vessel". Already in October the lake is covered with ice and thaws only in May. Although its water in summer warms up to 28 degrees Celsius. The area of the lake always fluctuates and comes to 2000 square meters. It does not differ much depth - only 2 meters average. On the banks, which are very indented, there are thickets of reeds, reeds, various bushes and sedge.

What else is remarkable about Lake Chany? On the surface of the water can count up to 70 islets, some of them are not only large, but also represent amazing landscapes, have a great variety of plants and rare species of animals. Saline lakes in Russia are distinguished by varying degrees of salinity. Vats refers to slightly salted, since the main food is thawed snow. The weather on the lake is a reflection of the continental climate. In winter, the snow cover can reach up to 30 cm in height.

For the tourist there are many recreation centers, there are corners in which you can fish. One should be careful of those who prefer to walk on boats - there is often a storm. Also Chany is considered mysterious, and according to some stories, an abnormal place. There is a legend that there is a strange animal of enormous size, which harms people and cattle.

Kuril Lake - volcanic beauty

This beautiful creation of nature is located on the very south of the peninsula of Kamchatka and is considered freshwater. The maximum depth reaches 306 meters, so it can be safely attributed to the deep-sea. Some of the islands that can be found on the surface are volcanic domes that rose from the bottom as a result of squeezing magma.

Such lakes on the territory of Russia are of special value, therefore Kurilskoe is listed as a UNESCO heritage site. There are even thermal waters, called "Kuril springs." Their temperature reaches 45 degrees Celsius.

Cold inaccessibility of Lake Taimyr

This unique lake by area can be compared only with Baikal. It is considered the most northern on the planet. What is unusual for a traveler to find here? Not only cold beauty and greatness are characteristic, but also that here constantly the water changes its level. The lake is in the Krasnoyarsk region beyond the Arctic Circle on the peninsula of the same name in the tundra.

It can be said that the local waters are covered with ice all year round. The greatest depth is 26 meters. The water temperature in the summer does not rise above 8 degrees Celsius, and in winter it drops to zero. The thickness of ice can reach three meters. Strangely enough, in the waters of Taimyr there are fish - whitefish, muxun, chir, and croissant.

Morainic lakes of Russia. Seliger

Forests, marshes, cozy bays - all this is the surrounding area of Lake Seliger. It is located in the Tver and Novgorod regions. Landscapes in this area are mostly hilly, and here and there the plains predominate. Beaches of natural origin contrast with steep banks covered with coniferous trees. On the lake you can count about 160 medium and small islets. The surface is covered with ice during the cold season and is only opened in May. All lakes of Russia are accompanied by unique vegetation. Seliger grows not only coniferous tree species, but also oaks, bird cherry, rowan.

What are moraine lakes in general? These are very picturesque corners of nature, their amazing beauty and unusual origins are simply amazing. Lakes of Russia are of moraine type - the so-called "hollows" or "closed basins" that many years ago appeared as a result of melting of blocks of ice, so they are also called "glacial". They can be found only in the north and north-west of Russia. They rarely differ in their size and depth. Usually their average depth does not exceed 10 meters, the banks are usually heavily indented. The largest of those bodies of water that can be attributed to the moraine are the Chudsko-Pskov, Seliger, Ilmen, once called Slavic by the Slavs.

Conclusion

As we can see, Russia is a lake region, which is sure to please even the most experienced traveler.