Kyrgyz Republic: state and administrative structure

или Киргизия – единственная парламентская республика в Центральной Азии. The Kyrgyz Republic or Kyrgyzstan is the only parliamentary republic in Central Asia. What features does it have? We will talk about its state and administrative structure in the article.

A bit about the country

The Kyrgyz Republic is located within the two mountain systems (Tien-Shan and Pamir-Alai), along the ridges of which the main state borders pass. The neighbors of the country are Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, China and Tajikistan.

Many corners of Kyrgyzstan still remain a mystery, because the mountains cover three-quarters of its territory. It is located at an altitude above 400 meters above sea level. The area of the country is 199 thousand square kilometers and occupies the 87th place in the world.

The capital is Bishkek. It is also one of the largest cities in the country. The official currency is the catfish. The Constitution does not fix a single national religion. There are 6 million people in the country. The population speaks Kyrgyz and Russian.

Administrative device

The administrative division of the republic is divided into several levels. The first - the highest one - includes two cities of national importance and seven regions. The largest are Osh and Jalal-Abad oblasts with a population of 1.1 and 1 million inhabitants. Republican importance is the city of Osh and Bishkek.

At the second level there are four inner city districts of Bishkek, regional cities and districts. In total, the Kyrgyz Republic has 40 districts and 13 cities of regional importance. In each district is the main regional city. They also include rural districts and urban-type settlements. In rural areas, as a rule, there are several villages, all of them 423.

The main city of the republic is in the Chui valley in the north of the country. Here is the parliament of the republic. There are about 950,000 people permanently living in it, with 980,000 working migrants. The population of the city is growing rapidly. The main reason is the migration of people from other regions.

Revolution of 2010

The Kyrgyz Republic was a presidential republic. However, in 2010 a revolution took place in the country, during which the current government was overthrown. In the same year, a new constitution was adopted that defines Kyrgyzstan as a parliamentary-presidential republic.

Public disturbances and indignations began on April 6 and were supported by opposition forces. The main reasons were the discontent of the residents of the country with increased tariffs and a low standard of living. The government was accused of increasing authoritarianism.

The new constitution reduced the political influence of the president and empowered parliament. Former President of the Kyrgyz Republic Kurmanbek Bakiyev emigrated to Belarus. After that, the Provisional Government headed by Roza Otunbayeva was appointed in the country.

Government structure

At present, the republic is headed by Almazbek Atambayev. The president can be elected only once, by popular vote. Elections are held every six years. The head of state announces and signs the laws, makes nominations for the position of Supreme Judges and represents the country on the international arena.

The Government of the Kyrgyz Republic is headed by Prime Minister Sooronbai Jeenbekov. He is appointed by the parliament by the majority coalition or by the representation of the parliamentary faction. The parliament of Kyrgyzstan is called the Jogorku Kenesh. It consists of 120 deputies and is elected for a period of 5 years.

He owns the most important and responsible decisions in the country. Since 2005, it includes only one chamber. Elections to the parliament are based on party lists. Any citizen of a state with a suffrage who has attained the age of 21 may become a deputy.