Hernia refers to the displacement of internal organs (uterus, intestine, bladder, omentum, etc.) into nearby cavities or under the skin through the natural (umbilical ring, inguinal canal) or artificial ( abdominal rupture ) holes together with the peritoneum that covers the above Organs. Inguinal hernia in a child - displacement of internal organs (omentum, bladder, intestinal loops) through the inguinal canal into the scrotum. Herniated gates - enlarged abdominal inguinal ring. The abdominal wall in the inguinal zone has two channels of the same name (left and right). In the prenatal period, the parietal leaf of the peritoneum extends into the inguinal canal , which lines the inguinal canal and forms a vaginal canal. Lowering below, the parietal leaf of the peritoneum lays the cavity of the scrotum (common vaginal membrane). Through the vaginal canal in the process of development of the body, the testes descend into the seminal sac (scrotum).
The vaginal canal is a funnel-shaped gap that forms between the inner and oblique abdominal muscles. The canal begins with an internal opening called the abdominal (inner) inguinal ring, and ends with an external opening - the outer (subcutaneous) inguinal ring. The abdominal inguinal ring is an elongated hole that forms between the posterior part of the aponeurosis of the inner oblique muscle of the peritoneum and the puarthite (inguinal) ligament.
As a rule, the inguinal hernia in a child is congenital. This pathology arises from a violation of the obliteration of the vaginal process of the peritoneum. The latter in turn participates in the migration of the testis from the peritoneal cavity to the testis sac in boys or in the failure of the walls of the inguinal canal in girls. If the vaginal process does not disappear, an inguinal hernia or dropsy occurs. As a rule, most often one-sided inguinal hernia in a child is recorded, and to the right three times more often. In boys, this pathology is observed more often, which is associated with the lowering of the testis. Acquired inguinal hernia in a child is recorded very rarely. Usually, such hernias are observed in boys over the age of ten with severe weakness of the anterior abdominal wall or under increased stress. Hernial contents in the child, as a rule, represented by loops of the intestine, in the older age - by the epiploon and loops of the intestine. Quite often in the hernial sac, the girls fall into the ovaries.
Inguinal hernia: treatment
The main treatment for inguinal hernia is surgical intervention. Innovative methods of anesthesia allow to carry out operations at any age. The main purpose of surgical treatment is the ligation of the hernial sac.
Umbilical hernia after childbirth is a frequent phenomenon. The mechanism of the disease is associated with a deficiency of collagen in the connective tissue. In infants, the umbilical ring is very wide, which facilitates the exit of the intestinal loops into the hernial sac. Since by the age of one year the umbilical ring in the child is closed, so the umbilical hernia in infants is rarely recorded. If the umbilical ring does not close, then this problem is solved with the help of surgical methods.