Hunting carbines of Russian production: review. Russian hunting rifled carbines

What is a carbine? This is a light rifle, equipped with a truncated barrel. Sometimes manufacturers call so some smooth-bore rifles.

The word "carbine" appeared due to the French term "carabiner". The same name was invented by gunsmith Gaspar Zolner.

What are the carbines? This can be a special firearm, and models of rifle systems, which are armed infantrymen: they are lesser in mass, length and other details of the device. By appointment, this weapon can be combat, hunting, service (police, tactical, etc.). It can also be used for self-defense purposes. By the way, in Russia the use of rifled long arms for self-defense is prohibited.

Carbines equipped with automatic fire mode are called automatic weapons in Russia. This is a special type of small arms.

Finally, rifled weapons are called small arms, in the barrel channel of which there are screw-like cuts, which cause the bullet to move, revolving around its own axis. As a result, the accuracy of the shooting, the range of flight and stability of the trajectory are provided.

Russian masterpieces

And now we will get acquainted with the list of hunting rifled carbines of Russia:

• Carbines "Saiga" are cut for hunting.
• Carbines long-range hunting.
• Guns for hunting.
• Carbines TOZ-122 for hunting.
• Weapons rifled (hunting for wild boar).
• Carabiner (hunting for large animals).
• Remington shotguns (rifled, hunting).
• Sauer guns.

Carabiner "Tiger" hunting

And now let's consider the Russian hunting carbines "Tiger". This is a great weapon! The creation of this miracle is handled by Izhevsk gunsmiths. It should be noted that the specialists of Izhmash have long been working on the transformation of military small arms into hunting hunting weapons.

First, the above-mentioned plant was engaged in making the Saiga carbine. This product was created on the basis of a fantastic Kalashnikov assault rifle. Further, the production of an automatic carbine "Tiger", manufactured for hunting on the basis of the no less popular Dragunov rifle (SVD), was set up.

So, the hunting carbines of the Russian production "Tiger" Are used to hunt large and medium animals. You can use rifle cartridges the same as in the SVD. For the hunting variant, they are marked with 7,62Х54R, they are equipped with a half-shell bullet and are of low cost.

Carbine "Tiger" demonstrates the high accuracy of shooting. This unpretentious device has a small mass. Its total length is 1200 mm, weight without charges - 3.9 kg. With the help of this weapon, you can shoot using an open or optical sight. And for the first case, the optical sight should not be removed. The shooting range is three hundred meters.

The first sample of the Tiger carbine surprised with an impressive number of shortcomings. The weapon included a military PSO-1 sight, which turned out to be completely unsuited to hunting conditions. The product was equipped with an orthopedic butt, very convenient for athletes and army snipers: it had a cutout for the thumb. So, this butt was completely unsuitable for hunting.

The carabiner rims on the forwards were made of plastic: they creaked in the frost and the shooter could frostbite his fingers. The flame arrester was absent, so the hunter, shooting at the beast at dusk, was blind as a mole.

It should be noted that Russian hunting carbines have always been famous for the whole world. But complaints against the "Tiger" to "Izhmash" were received and received. The engineers-gunsmiths of this well-known enterprise had to study them carefully. And they modified this carbine model, creating a universal lateral mount for hunting optics, including a night vision sight, adapted for installation. To reduce the flash and kickback at the time of the shot, the carbine was completed with a muzzle brake-flame arrester. At the same time, the plant began production of a carbine with wooden lining placed on the trunk, and a hunting butt.

Models of a carbine "Tiger"

In general, many Russian hunting carbines Not similar to this model: for comfortable shooting at the carbine "Tiger" the trigger is slightly shifted back. The possibility of an alignment with this product is expanded by shifting the front sight and adding a comb - thanks to these nuances, the aiming is quite comfortable.

Today, there are several examples of such a self-loading carbine:

• "Tiger", manufactured under the Russian charge 7,62Х54R. The bullet weighs 13.2 g, the muzzle energy is 3600 J, and the initial speed reaches 780 m / s. A removable magazine can hold from five to ten charges.
• "Tiger 308" was created for a foreign charge of 308Win (7.62X51), the bullet of which has a mass of 9.7-11.7 g. The muzzle energy of the product is 3700 J, and the initial speed can reach 800 m / s. The removable magazine holds ten charges.
• "Tiger-9" was created for the reinforced cartridge 9,2Х64 mm. The bullet of this charge weighs 16-19 g, its muzzle energy is equal to 5800 J, the primary speed can develop up to 820 m / s. The removable magazine holds five charges.

Carbines of all models of this type are characterized by the following features:

• The product has a traditional wooden hunting stock (birch, beech, walnut), equipped with a rubber shock absorber and a pistol grip.
• Wooden butt (beech, walnut, birch) is equipped with a rubber backplate. Has a notch under the thumb, called a sniper or orthopedic.
• The application is made of impact-resistant plastic. Equipped with a "swivel cheek", necessary for comfortable shooting with optics.
• The weapon is equipped with a pistol grip and a metal tubular butt, which can always be moved to the right. The application of this product has a "swivel cheek", necessary for comfortable shooting with the use of optics. The length of such a carbine with a folded butt is less than 260 mm.
• The product is manned with hunting linings made of wood.
• The weapon has a long cylindrical flame arrester.

By special order the Tiger carbine of any model can be made with a barrel elongated to 620 mm. The complete set of such tools includes an oiler, a ramrod and various accessories located in a pencil case.

The customer can also add a cover, an optical sight with a bracket and a belt to the set. Agree, the hunter is given a colossal choice in order to buy exactly that product, which he will like.

Carabiner "Los"

Russian hunting carbines "Los" are a Soviet shop weapon, which is intended for professional hunting for large and medium sized animals. They are equipped with a longitudinally moving shutter, which rotates when locked. In the trunk of this product there are four right slicers, the trunk channel is chrome plated. Power charges come from a box-shaped permanent magazine for five cartridges hidden in a box. Descent here is regulated. The weapon is equipped with sighting devices of open type, on it the optics PO4X34 are installed. The bed is made of birch lacquered wood, it has a pistol shape with a protrusion under the cheek. To the butt is attached a rubber backplate-shock absorber.

This product is comfortable in operation and maintenance, incomplete disassembly can be carried out without the use of tools.

There are the following models of the "Los" carbine:

• In 1962, the model "Los 1" was released under a charge of 9X53 mm R. It was manufactured before 1976.
• The model "Los 4" under the charge of 7.62x51 mm A was manufactured in 1977-1991.
• Under the charge of 7.62x51 mm A, the model "Los-7" was created.
• A later modification is "Los 7-1". It is equipped with a convenience store.
• "Moose-8" is suitable for 9.3 x 64 mm Brenneke charge.
• "Moose-9-1" (КО-9-1) - 9,3Х64 mm Brenneke.
• "Los-9-2" - 7,62Х63 mm (30-06).
• "Moose-9-3" - 7x65 mm Brenneke.

By the way, Russian hunting carbines are very demanding for ammunition. For example, the carbine "Los" uses a Soviet cartridge for hunting 7.62X51 mm A, which can not be replaced by a cartridge 7,62Х51 mm NATO (they differ in capacity).

Back in the 1990s, the charge of 7.62X51 mm A was removed from production. But in Russia, for shooting from weapons of the times of the USSR today, charges for hunting 7,62Х51М (.308Win) are made.

Carbine Simonova (SCS-45)

We will now study the hunting carbines of the Russian production of SCS. Consider this species using the example of the Simonov carbine (SCS-45). The history of the creation of this self-loading weapon began at a meeting of members of the People's Commissariat of Armaments. The meeting was held on July 15, 1943. It dealt with the issue "On new foreign weapons samples for a charge with reduced power."

It should be noted that the participants of the meeting were interested in the German captured carbine automatic Mkb 42 (H) for a new charge of 7.92X33 mm. This cartridge had less power than the German rifle - 7.92X57 mm. Of course, at a range of 800 m it was possible to target it, although the bullet had a mass of 8.2 g, and the primary velocity was 700 m / s. By the way, the dimensions and weight of this carbine automatic were small, and the density and accuracy of the shots were quite satisfactory to the shooters.

So, hunting carbines of Russian production It was necessary to improve. Therefore, at the meeting of the Technical Council decided to develop a similar weakened cartridge, and new copies of small arms under it. The new charge was created very rapidly, and already in 1943 on September 3, the first two models of such a cartridge were presented to the People's Commissariat of Armament. Polygon tests of a new charge of 7.62X39 mm model of 1943 (57-H-231) began in December of the same year.

At the end of 1944, Soviet small arms, designed for a new cartridge, received its first sample. It was a self-loading carbine, created by SG Simonov. In early 1945, small batches of this product were sent to the officers' Central Courses "Shot" and to the active army. It was there that the army trials of the "newcomer" were conducted.

Further, reports were received from the army, in which there was a small mass, simplicity of the device, excellent maneuverability of the carbine. It was pointed out that this product is very comfortable in bayonet combat and shooting. Many hunting rifled carbines of Russian manufacture have shortcomings, and the carbine of Simonov was not an exception. The reports reported that he is sensitive to dirt, and therefore in the process of shooting there are interferences.

Finished the carbine only after the war.

"Saiga"

Are you interested in what the hunting carbines of the Russian production "Saiga" are? These wonderful products are based on AK. Engineers of the plant "Izhmash" have created a huge number of various designs of smooth-bore weapons of the 410th, 12th and 20th calibers. They also developed rifled weapons for charges of 7.62X51, 7.62X39, 5.56X45 and 5.45X39 mm, as well as 9X19 Parabellum (.22 Long Rifle). The workers of this enterprise also produced small unique lots for scarce Soviet charges of 5.6X39 and 9X53 mm R.

It should be noted that the first in the series was made a carbine "Saiga-5.6" under a charge of 5.6X39 in 1974.

Carbines hunting "Saiga" with a smooth trunk

Russian hunting carbines can be smooth-bore. These are self-loading smooth-bore rifles made in a hunting-sports, hunting-fishing, special service, combined or tactical variant. They can be produced under a charge of 18.5, 10.2 and 15.6 mm.

These products are characterized by a single marking, which describes them.

Such Russian hunting carbines have the following features of performance, expressed in three basic modifications:

• "Saiga (.410.2 or 20)" without the letter index. This smooth-bore self-loading rifle is equipped with a hunting butt and forearm made of wood or plastic. The barrel has a length of 680 or 570 (580 for 12K) mm. Above the gas outlet tube also attached sighting devices - a crescent and a fly. By special order, the product can be equipped with an adjustable aiming bar.
• "Saiga (.410, 20 or 12)" with index C is an option for the execution of a rifle with a hunting forearm, a plastic folding butt and a firing control handle (identical to an AK machine). The trunk of this product has a length of 680 or 570 (580 for 12C) mm. Above the gas outlet tube are placed a fly and a target - sighting devices. By special order it is possible to place an adjustable sighting bar.
• "Saiga (.410, 12 or 20)" with index K is a self-loading shortened rifle. This is a smoothbore carbine. The pistol grip, fore-end and butt of this product are copied from the Kalashnikov assault rifle. The device is equipped with a locking device, thanks to which the weapon can only be removed from the safety device when the butt is thrown back. The barrel is made 330 mm long. Sights have a hunting or "automatic" appearance.

Carabiners "Saiga" threaded

Consider hunting rifled carbines of Russian production On the example of carbines "Saiga". We will understand in their marking, which has a single reading.

First, the word "Saiga" or Saiga is the name of the family. Then through the hyphen the letter designating the model of the carbine is read.

Known indices:

• If the index is missing, it means that the product is the original version of the carbine. Its barrel has a length of 520 mm for calibers 7.62X39 and 5.6X39 mm, and 555 mm for 7.62X51, 9X53 and 5.56X45 mm. The weapon is equipped with a wooden butt.
• Index M is placed on modernized variants of the Saiga carbine, which have the following changes: the trunk is extended to 555 mm in sizes 7,62Х39 and .223Rem, the launching device has a reduced trigger force, the wooden butt is equipped with a rubber pad, the caliber 7,62Х39 is equipped with a bolt With three stops.
• Indices M1, M2 and M3 mean variations of "Saiga-M".
• Index MK mark the model "Saiga-M", equipped with a reduced barrel (415 or 336 mm) and a lock that does not allow you to open fire with a folded butt.

Do you think that Russian rifled hunting carbines are marked only with an index? Of course not! Further through the hyphen we can read the designation of the caliber. Then, in the case of a special execution, the next index is written, for example: EXP 01 - police version.

Products of Russia

Well, now we list all hunting carbines of Russian production? A photo These masterpieces can be found in any thematic magazine. So, read the list of these amazing products:

• Long-range Russian hunting carbines and rifles are weapons committed in many aspects. The device is notable for accuracy of shooting and an impressive range of combat, which earned the respect of hunters.
• Carbines TOZ-122 are manufactured by the Tula factory. This product is of high quality: the mechanism of its shutter is executed very carefully, every detail is carefully processed and after the acquisition does not require adjustment.
• Hunting carbines-semiautomatic devices are more technological than "boltoviki", but their technical parameters, unfortunately, are too low.
• The production of the hunting rifle "Mauser" deals with Germany. These products are equipped with a very reliable shutter.
• Small-caliber Russian rifled hunting carbines.
• Carbines "TOZ 99 04" for hunting.
• Rifled self-loading weapon for shooting large four-legged.
• Russian semi-automatic carbines are based on the gas-evacuation principle.
• Carbines hunting Sako are inexpensive and high-quality weapons. They are issued by a very reputable company.

Bolted locks of hunting carbines

Let's now consider Russian hunting carbines-boltoviki. How are they different from their brethren? The fact is that they are equipped with a bolt lock, allowing you to close and open the barrel bore, recharge and manually pull out the cartridge sleeve.

For the first time such a shutter was equipped with a rifle Dreise in 1841. We know that designers try to automate everything to the maximum. This archaism - the bolt bolt should have long ago sank into oblivion. This device in small automatic weapons is not used now. But in hunting carabiners bolt locks serve as a guarantee of reliability of products.

It should be noted that very recently the production of weapons in Russia has acquired a second wind. Now the cult American actor Steven Seagal supports the Russian masters. He likes Russian hunting carbines. The novelties of the gun market surpassed all expectations. This carbine "Saiga-12" (caliber 12/76), a rifle MP-155 (caliber 12/76) and a rifle MP-27 "Silver". Choose, be interested, study these masterpieces and, perhaps, you will soon be able to boast of a large prey!