How to seal a tooth? Modern methods of dental treatment and dental materials

Many are interested in how to fill a tooth. Currently, in the field of dentistry, many different substances are used for sealing. The article tells about what types of materials exist and what technologies are used depending on the location of the tooth, and also how the tooth canals are filled.

Temporary constructions

As a rule, sealing is used in the treatment and diagnosis. For example, if the doctor is unsure of the presence of nerve damage, this design is put exactly.

Temporary fillings used for therapeutic purposes, most often contain medicines that need further removal. That is, the temporary construction is not the one that will fall itself in a few days. It is removed by the dentist without certain difficulties after a certain period of time.

Constant Constructions

Constant seals should stand on the damaged tooth for a long time, up to several years, and even decades. The seal, which fell a month later, does not fit any classification and is delivered with a violation of technology or without taking into account the load of a mechanical nature. Perhaps in this case it would be more expedient to install the crown. There are many varieties of permanent fillings.

Metal seal

To metal structures it is necessary to attribute various kinds of amalgams (an alloy of metals and mercury).

Amalgam has a high degree of strength, especially on a silver base. Although recent studies of scientists indicate that mercury adversely affects health.

Dental material has another significant drawback. He has a high expansion ratio. For this reason, there is often a split from the tooth wall, which is adjacent to the seal. Also to the minuses is the metallic shine of the material.

Seals from amalgam are becoming less common, as the process is difficult or requires certain skills.

A remarkable property of the design is their unimpeded mounting on a damp surface. If other materials are used, this effect can not be achieved.

Amalgam solidification takes place 2-3 hours after installation. The next day she needs polishing. There is such a seal for a very long time.

Cement-based seals

Cement filling can be of different types. But the main models are devices on a phosphate basis. There are also glass ionomer constructions.

Phosphate filling

This seal is characterized by a low level of fixation and poor resistance with a fragile fit to the edge. To reduce this phenomenon, a silver powder was added to it. This kind has gone to the distant past and is not used in modern dentistry.

Glass ionomer model

This species became a breakthrough in the field of dentistry. Such a material has much in common with the structure of the tooth itself. It was pressurized with fluoride, which prevents the development of secondary caries. The seal fits perfectly to the tooth, but it quickly wears off.

Composites and plastic products

Composites and plastics are a broad group of models. The difference between composites and plastic is that they contain porcelain. Conditionally they are divided into acrylic and epoxy.

Composite dental material has a high degree of strength, but it contains a lot of toxic substances, and also has a lot of pores during polymerization.

The content of toxic substances can cause inflammation of the nerve in the tooth on which the seal is seated, and also when contacting with adjacent teeth can cause the development of caries in them.

Epoxy models have greater resistance to abrasion, but are brittle. The level of toxicity is lower. The downside of the devices is that a few years after installation, they darken.

Light composites

They are called helioplombs. These are substances that polymerize under the influence of ultraviolet radiation. Their color scheme is very rich.

Light-composites are less shrunk, but a similar problem is eliminated by using various techniques.

Tab

How to fill a tooth with a tab? In fact, such a design is a microprosthesis for sealing the tooth.

Currently, the following types of tabs are distinguished:

• From solid ceramics;
• On a composite basis;
• Plastic products.

The tab is a pre-designed seal model. It is attached to the tooth by means of composites.

The tab is of two types:

• Simulated right in the mouth, then removed, and its shape is cast a metallic analog.
• The tooth is drilled to the patient, then it is prepared, and the seal is made on the basis of metal, porcelain or plastic.

Root canal filling process

How do tooth canals fill up? To prevent complications in the therapy of pulpitis or periodontitis, the root canals of teeth should be properly sealed. Practice shows that the basis for a quality process is proper preparation. Narrow channels need to be extended with appropriate tools along the entire length from the tip of the tooth to its root.

The main stages of root canal filling

The process involves the following steps:

• Removal of tissues affected by caries. Also, healthy tissues can be removed to create optimal access to the root canal mouths.
• Removal of pulp, crown and root parts.
• Processing channels mechanically. Channels expand to the desired size by means of special tools from the base to the top of the tooth.
• The final stage of the process is the filling of the root canals with the help of gutta-percha.
• Then proceed to work with the crown of the tooth.

Precise determination of the length of the dental canals is an important manipulation when sealing. An incorrectly measured measurement can lead to the fact that the tip of the roots will not be fully sealed and an inflammatory process will subsequently occur there.

How is the baby's tooth sealed?

How to fill a tooth with a child? Specificity of sealing milk teeth in children is based on its appropriateness. The dentist takes into account the condition of the carious tooth, estimates the prevalence of the pathological process, clarifies the symptoms of bone disease, takes into account the age of the child and only then makes the necessary decision.

Before the filling, the tooth is processed. The difficulty arises in the fact that the child is frightened by the sound of the drill. To eliminate this factor, the cleaning of the tooth cavity can be carried out by air-kinetic, chemical-mechanical or laser methods.

Seal fillings for baby teeth

How is the baby's tooth sealed ? Until recently, filling of baby teeth was carried out with a material based on amalgam or glass ionomer. Both substances have a high degree of strength. However, the former, as already mentioned, is toxic and corrodes. The second species has a greater aesthetics, but is sensitive to moisture, and its hardening occurs throughout the day.

The use of composites in children has previously been difficult, since they have hardened for too long.

Currently, light-curing composites are being produced that characterize short-term condensation. Composites are more hygienic, durable and aesthetic.

The last novelty in filling the milk teeth were colored fillings. They are called compomers. Such models include glass-ionomer cement and a hybrid composite. The properties of both complement each other.

This seal has a high level of adhesion, it is easily polished and combined with the tooth. It shows resistance to saliva and mechanical damage.

The palette of similar models includes seven color solutions. The filling of baby teeth turns into an interesting game for the child.

Features of filling of milk teeth

Dental treatment of the child's teeth, in principle, does not differ from the sealing of teeth in adult patients. It should be noted that restoration of temporary painters is carried out with the use of preventive filling. That is, the artificial material closes not only the affected area, but also healthy fissures. In the case of eruption of temporary painters, in order to avoid the development of a carious process in the fissure region, it is also recommended to carry out sealing.

Can a tooth of wisdom be sealed?

As already noted, teeth that are affected by caries or pulpitis are most often filled. These diseases affect absolutely all teeth, but, as a rule, the pathological process develops on premolars, molars, and also wisdom teeth.

What about the eighth molars? Is tooth treatment recommended? The clinic is different, but it should be noted that sealing the wisdom tooth is not so often. Typically, doctors recommend removing the affected molar, but sometimes the patient insists on keeping it.

In what cases is it justified to fill the wisdom tooth?

Do teeth of wisdom fill up? In what cases do doctors resort to restoring the eighth tooth?

There are a number of reasons:

• In the absence of neighboring teeth (if there is no seventh or sixth tooth in the series, or in the near future they are to be removed), dentists advise to keep the wisdom tooth and seal it.
• The eighth tooth may be needed in the event that the patient decides to restore the missing teeth in the row using a bridge. The wisdom tooth in this case will become the support for the design. Without his participation, restoration of the teeth with the help of a bridge will be impossible. We will have to resort to more expensive options, for example, the installation of an implant with a crown. And it's not just that the cost of such a design is high. For some groups of patients, it can carry a danger. First of all, it is not recommended for elderly patients and those who have a problem with bone mineralization or blood coagulability.
• If there is an antagonist tooth. Antagonists call teeth that are opposite to each other. Eight, located on the upper and lower jaw, are painters-antagonists. Such pairs are not subject to destruction, since the load and resistance will be reduced relative to the remaining tooth. As a result, the tooth can move and go beyond the dentition.
• With the probability of losing the remaining teeth. Despite the fact that wisdom teeth bear a lot of inconvenience, sometimes they can bring and benefit. For example, when carrying out full prosthetics. A person in old age loses a lot of teeth. Sometimes the eighth molars remain. They appear much later, and the chewing load on them is much lower. If you have wisdom teeth, you can install a prosthesis, and the eighth teeth will serve as a support. This prosthesis lasts longer, and the cost is slightly lower. In this case, the decision depends entirely on the patient, and the dentist can advise little.

When answering the question whether a wisdom tooth should be sealed, the doctor can give a positive answer only if there are three of the above reasons. In other cases, it is recommended to delete it. If the filling is required, then it is carried out according to a standard procedure.

How are front teeth sealed?

How to seal a tooth located in the front?

The front teeth are also often destroyed by caries. The cause of this phenomenon can be malnutrition and non-compliance with the rules of oral hygiene. Usually the carious process is expressed in a dark speck of small size. More often the process develops on the inside of the tooth or between two teeth. Sometimes the pathology is barely noticeable. However, it should be noted that the front teeth contain an insufficient amount of dentin, and the sprouting of this speck is rapid. The main thing in this case is the timely filling, until the process takes a deeper form.

Methods of filling the front teeth

How to fill the front teeth? When the question of sealing teeth located in the front, the aesthetics of the substance for sealing is set higher than its functionality, since the front take on a minimal load when chewing food. This explains why light-curing seals are used to seal the front teeth. They allow to restore the natural form and color of the enamel.

There is also a more expensive method of sealing - restoring the front teeth by means of ceramic-based fillings. Outwardly, they are no different from natural enamel, so they are absolutely not visible to an outsider's eye. This material exhibits a higher resistance to external influences.

It should be noted that making a seal for a cast takes a lot of time, so this method is only applicable in cases where the tooth has been severely damaged, and the use of conventional light flaps is not practical.

Does the filling cause pain?

Is it painful to fill a tooth? In the immemorial Soviet times, dental treatment brought unpleasant sensations. Over the past decades, dentistry has made a huge breakthrough. Today, the dental office does not cause patients any fear.

Medicine offers a wide selection of anesthetics in the treatment of teeth. There are drugs that are suitable even for people with allergies. Only two injections in the gum - and the patient for a long time loses sensitivity to external influences, and the resulting unpleasant sensations after the withdrawal of anesthesia can be stopped with the help of modern painkillers.

How to properly care for a seal?

Many are interested in how to take care of the sealed teeth.

It is desirable to polish the seal. Qualitatively installed seal does not require any specific care for the oral cavity, but forces ordinary everyday procedures with greater care.

In this case, it is necessary to pay attention to several indispensable rules:

• At least once a year, you should visit the dental office.
• We recommend regular oral hygiene. Teeth that have been sealed need additional care.
• Care should be taken to monitor the quality of the seal. The perfect seal does not cause any discomfort.
• It is desirable to polish the seal. This is a special procedure performed by a dentist every 6 months with regular medical examination. This technique prolongs the life of the structure and prevents the destruction of the walls of the tooth.

With regard to the care of the seal within the first week after sealing, the dentists give the following tips:

• During brushing teeth can be bleeding. This is not a disease, but rather, it can be called a natural manifestation of treatment. If bleeding does not stop for 4-5 days, you should consult a specialist.
• For several days after the filling, one should adhere to a certain diet: do not eat foods containing chemicals, temporarily refuse the consumption of tea, coffee and alcohol.

Observance of recommendations and careful attention to your health help prevent the loss of a seal and contribute to the prevention of other diseases of the mouth.