How to prevent a disease of the urinary system? Prevention of urinary system diseases in children

The urinary system in the human body is represented by the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. A major problem for her is the inextricable link with the reproductive system, which exposes the urinary system to the risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections. Many are concerned with the question of how to prevent urinary system disease.

Features of the urinary system of men

Due to the large length of the urethra, the upper parts of the urinary system of men are better protected. As a consequence, inflammatory processes in the lower parts are more common. Such inflammations cause pain in the perineum, rezi, frequent and painful urination. Most often in men, the urethra inflames, which leads to urethritis, and the prostate gland - prostatitis occurs. How to prevent urinary system diseases in men?

Causes of diseases:

• Defects of the genito-urinary organs;
• Non-compliance with hygiene requirements;
• Irritating effect of soap or condom lubrication;
• Occupation of anal sex;
• Traumatic injuries.

Features of the urinary system of women

The urethra of women has a large width and a short length, this causes a rapid infiltration of infections into the upper parts of the urinary system. Women often develop cystitis - inflammation of the bladder - or pyelonephritis, when the renal pelvis becomes inflamed. There are situations when pathogenic flora is found in women in urine, when there are no signs of the disease. Inflammatory processes are distinguished by the fact that they often go unnoticed, taking a chronic form. How to prevent urinary tract disease in women? Infections develop in cases when a woman often changes her sexual partners, uses spermicidal creams, and neglects to observe personal hygiene. Avoiding these cases, a woman will not get sick.

Factors affecting the urinary system

The purpose of the kidneys is the continuous purification of blood from various products of human life. However, like any complex mechanism, the kidneys are limited. The modern way of life makes the burden on the kidneys excessive. Drinking water, drunk by a person during the day, helps reduce the concentration of toxic substances and wash them out of the body, protecting people from poisoning. The cells of the body need a certain content of certain salts. To maintain the water balance, the body needs sodium and potassium.

Kidneys are a mechanism designed to regulate the acid-base balance. Their task is to remove excess potassium and retain sodium. In ancient times, in the products consumed by our ancestors, potassium prevailed over sodium. Now the number of products having a high sodium content has increased noticeably. Potassium of natural origin in products is not enough now.

As in the case of any disease, a healthy lifestyle is included in preventive measures to prevent the urinary system, with diet, exercise, and hardening procedures. Knowing how to prevent diseases of the urinary system, will help to maintain health for a long time.

It is also necessary to treat all the ailments that arise in the body in a timely manner. To be treated in time should teeth with caries and diseases of the upper respiratory tract.

Causes

When answering the question how to prevent the disease of the urinary system, you must first understand the causes of the disease.

One of the main causes of bladder failure Or kidneys, are infections. They can participate in the appearance and development of diseases or independently cause disease. So, glomerulonephritis develops after the transferred pneumonia, scarlet fever or sore throat, and cystitis and pyelonephritis are independent diseases caused by infection of the urinary system of a person.

Often, kidney and bladder diseases occur as a result of poisoning the body with poisons that have a nephrotoxic effect. Such poisons are, in particular, sulema and carbon tetrachloride. Sources of diseases in this direction can also be severe burns.

Very often, targeted treatment of the kidney and bladder may be necessary in case of hypothermia. Rarely, the cause of diseases can serve as a trauma, avitaminosis, urine stasis, nephropathy of pregnant women, diabetes mellitus.

If a patient turns to a medical institution, complaining of pain in the kidneys, the reason for this may be a genetic predisposition to such diseases. To subsequently not treat seriously ill diseases, it is better to think in time about how to prevent diseases of the urinary system.

Symptoms

Knowledge of the symptoms of diseases of the bladder and kidneys is very important. It gives information on how to prevent diseases of the urinary system.

Most often, patients with urinary system diseases complain of a variety of pains in the bladder or kidneys, a violation of urination, swelling, headache, severe dizziness. In some diseases, there are symptoms such as loss of appetite, visual impairment, vomiting, shortness of breath, nausea, fever. If there is pain in the lumbar region, there is a chance of kidney damage. If the pain is felt where the ureters are located, it means they are affected. Pain in the pubic area with a high probability indicates that the bladder is affected.

Acute glomerulonephritis and chronic pyelonephritis are characterized by aching pain in the lumbar region. If the pain is acute, concentrated in the lower back on the one hand, it can be a heart attack of the kidney. For renal colic, very severe pain in the lower back or a little lower, the intensity of which periodically then increases, then weakens. Similar pain accompanies also nephrolithiasis and urolithiasis, the ureter's bend.

Symptom of almost all diseases of the bladder - violation of urination. The unit for measuring urine output is a diuresis showing the proportion of urine released over a period of time relative to the consumed liquid. It is positive if urine is released more than the liquid is consumed. This happens when edemas come off or diuretics are taken. Negative diuresis is characteristic for the growth of edema of the heart or kidneys.

Disorders of the amount of secreted urine

If the amount of urine released per day exceeds two liters, then there is polyuria. Usually it is characteristic for the descent of edema. The long-term nature of polyuria acquires in diabetes mellitus. Also, a lot of urine of low density for a long time is released in chronic nephritis. Diametrically opposite phenomenon, when the daily amount of urine is less than the volume of water drunk, is called oliguria. It appears with a small intake of fluids, vomiting, diarrhea, or sweating. Oliguria is present in pathologies such as acute glomerulonephritis, or in case of poisoning with fungi. If the urine is not completely isolated, this condition is called anuria. The development of anuria is characteristic of tumor diseases of the kidneys and bladder, as well as kidney stones.

Cystitis

Such a disease as cystitis can also cause problems with urination in the form of frequent urination, in which urinary excretion is negligible. The norm is the number of urination per day from 4 to 7 times. For certain diseases of the urethra and bladder is characterized by painful urination. These are diseases such as cystitis and urethritis. Also for diseases of the bladder and kidneys is characterized by a change in the color of urine with the appearance of turbidity or blood.

When there is swelling, it indicates amyloidosis or acute glomerulonephritis. Especially when there is a headache and dizziness. Heart pains Are characteristic for these diseases and for vascular nephronecrosis. Symptoms such as memory loss, malaise, general weakness, poor eyesight, decreased efficiency, itchy skin, difficulty in sleeping, accompany ailment such as kidney failure.

With inflammation of the bladder, which usually arises from infections, a fever occurs.

Kidney inflammation

If the examination reveals edema, we can conclude that there is amyloidosis or nephrotic syndrome. The face in this case is characterized by a pale appearance and puffiness, eyelids are edematic, eyes narrowed. In more severe cases, puffiness spreads to the arms and trunk

Both chronic nephritis and amyloidosis are characterized by pallor of the skin. In addition to visual inspection and patient complaints, palpation can provide information about the symptoms. Normally, the kidneys are not palpated when palpated. Diseases such as a kidney tumor or a kidney cyst lead to an increase in the size of the organ, which makes it possible to probe the kidney during palpation. If the kidney is probed from two sides, it can be a consequence of polycystosis.

It should be noted that perepukutirovat kidneys can only if they are greatly increased. To give information about the kidney in the case of its relatively normal size can method of effleurage. If it is used in the lumbar region, and pinching causes pain, then it is possible to suspect pyelonephritis, paranephritis or nephrolithiasis.

Reducing the risk of disease

There are a number of factors that can cause repeated infections of the urinary tract.

Among them:

• Violations of anatomy (defects in the location and development of the kidney and urethra, urolithiasis);
• Chronic diseases (renal and heart failure, diabetes mellitus);
• Application during the examination of instruments (bougie, cystoscopy, catheters).

It should also cover possible ways of penetration of infections:

• In the course of the urethra upwards;
• From various foci with blood flow to the pelvic organs.

How to prevent diseases of the urinary system?

The main ways to prevent cystitis, prostatitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis:

1. Adequate treatment of diseases of the upper respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract, as these areas of inflammation can serve as a source of infection.
2. As soon as chills, a rash and fever appear, you should always consult an infectious disease doctor.
3. In time to treat infectious diseases of the genitals.
4. Therapy of diseases that disrupt the functioning of the bladder (adenomas, adhesions, kidney stones).
5. The desire to avoid improper nutrition, overwork and hypothermia.
6. Maintaining an orderly sex life.
7. Reduction of spicy food on the menu, complete refusal of alcohol.
8. Fighting chronic constipation, leading to stagnation of blood and lymph.
9. Active lifestyle. Morning gymnastics. With sedentary work, regular breaks are mandatory.
10. Strict adherence to the rules of hygiene, especially the hygiene of sexual life.

Of these ten items, a memo should be compiled. Prevention of diseases of the urinary system is possible if it is followed.

Diseases of the urinary tract in children

The medical discipline of pediatric nephrology, designed to study the ailments of the kidneys and other pathologies of the urinary canals, has acquired special relevance in modern medicine. It is designed to find ways to prevent urinary system disease. Human biology equips him with knowledge of the characteristics of his organism, including the urinary system. Cases of the appearance of diseases of the kidneys, detected during clinical examination or during the detection of symptoms of chronic insufficiency, became more frequent. In recent years, the incidence of new kidney diseases, both congenital and hereditary, has increased. This makes it important to prevent diseases of the urinary system.

The urinary system, the main organ of which is the kidney, performs the most important function of ensuring the permanent internal parameters of the body. The organs of the system take part in regulating the volume of liquid media and blood, control the content of salts in the blood, control the osmotic pressure of the extracellular fluid, take part in carbohydrate metabolism, and also metabolize fats and proteins. Kidneys carry out the withdrawal of food products from the body.

Prophylaxis in pediatric nephrology

Prevention of diseases of the urinary system in children is determined by specific indications. In the first place, the congenital or acquired nature of the disease must be identified. Prevention of diseases of the urinary system for each pathology requires its preventive measures. However, for all cases, its main trends are relevant:

1. A balanced diet without the use of harmful products.
2. Movable way of life with physical education.
3. Following the rules of hygiene of the genital tract.
4. Tempering the body with water procedures.

Following these recommendations allows you to learn what to do and how to prevent the disease of the urinary system.