How to make a tuning of a motorcycle "Ural" by own hands

Motorcycles "Ural" for 70 years are invariably popular. Good care and tuning of the motorcycle "Ural" will provide him with a long service life. There are entire clubs and Internet resources dedicated to the modernization of Soviet and Russian models. For seven decades, the units have experienced thousands of alterations and upgrades.

How it all began

Manufacture of motorcycles in Russia, or rather, in the USSR, began in the late 20-ies of the last century. Models "IZH" and "PMZ", designed by the designer Mozharov, had a heavy stamped frame and a huge engine for 1200 cubes, which, however, produced only 24 liters. from. At the same time, at 60 km / h the controllability disappeared.

Then, according to one version, third-party developments were used. In pre-war Germany, several models of the BMW R-71 motorcycle and drawings to them were purchased. According to the second version, the motorcycles were driven from Sweden. Having dismantled and modified German cars under Soviet realities, the apparatus began to be manufactured at the Moscow and Gorky plants. During the war, production was evacuated to Irbit, in the Sverdlovsk region.

Be that as it may, the German R-71 became the progenitor of the serial M-72. The Soviet analogue was not a complete copy of BMW: instead of a single-disk clutch they put a two-disk clutch, the volume of the tank became larger, the gear ratio was increased, which made it possible to more effectively overcome the obstacles encountered in our country to this day. We can say that this was the first tuning of the "Urals". At that time, it was not even the Urals, but Irbit. Only with the model M-62 motorcycles acquired their permanent name.

History of success

The Second World War made it clear that motorcycle units have undeniable advantages in military affairs. Mobile motorcycles could quickly move up to 3 soldiers and a machine gun, perform third-party tasks. For this purpose, the M-72, which had been produced since the 40th year, perfectly fitted.

After the war, the plant received orders for the production of military models, supplemented with a cradle with a 7.62 PKMB machine gun or with ATGM instead. Also produced motorcycles for patrolling IMZ-8.1233 Solo-DPS, highway, rally, tourist (IMZ-8.103-40 "Tourist").

The situation of the Urals is now

Prior to the notorious events of the early nineties, about three million devices were produced. After the collapse of the Union, the position of the plant was shaken. The purchasing power of the population fell sharply, the factories in the country were closed and sold. Fortunately, the unenviable fate of the "Ural" passed. Production continued. Basically it was motorcycles with a stroller (with or without drive), with a 4-stroke opposing two-cylinder engine with a capacity of 745 "cubes" and a capacity of 40 "horses," plus 4 gears and a reverse gear.

Since the mid-90s in the design of the motorcycle "Ural" almost all the parts have been improved or replaced with new ones. In honor of the 70th anniversary of the plant in Irbit, modernized models are produced, one of the best is the Ural motorcycle in the M70 Sidecar tuning.

The sale of models produced already in Russia, and not in the USSR, is aimed at foreign countries. 97% of all models of the plant are sold in the US, Europe, Canada, Australia. As one of the promising markets is considered Asia: Japan and Korea. In these countries there are simply no competitors in the niche of motorcycles with a stroller, but there is demand. China as a sales market since the 50's produces a replica of the M-72 under the guise of a copy of the BMW.

"Ural" - Soviet Harley

This is the only two-wheeled device of domestic production, worthy to be considered a replacement for Harley. Of course, this is loudly said, but tuning to the motorcycle "Ural" is presented in such a wide range that you are amazed. A real fan of the "Urals" before buying a new device for 300 000 rubles is a difficult road. It begins with a model released before 94. Typically, this is a repainted unit, with a cut cradle. Talk about literate tuning is not necessary. For rural areas, there is no need

Masters of experienced take the work more difficult. It is safe to digest the frame, put a Japanese plug, change the landing, polish and paint the engine, attach new wings and an enlarged tank, even make tuning of the motorcycle "Ural" - all this requires experience.

Types of tuning

Such manipulations, as a rule, are made in garage conditions. Tuning of the motorcycle "Ural", produced by hand, is divided into internal and external. In the first case we are talking about working on the engine, forcing, manipulation with the carburetor, fuel supply, exhaust system, suspension.

External, respectively, working on the perception of the device by others. This is painting, polishing, and adding / changing parts, instruments, optics, wings, fairings. Elementary it is possible to put wheels of a larger radius, for example, from "Moskvich". But this will entail the recalculation of the load on the axle, the hub and the brakes.

Engine

Ideally, you should start tuning the engine of the motorcycle "Ural". This is the main part of the machine. It defines modernization and frames, and suspension, and landing.

The engine can be forced. But! Firstly, only a highly qualified specialist can work on changing the engine design in the presence of machine tools.

Secondly, the experience of forcing engines of the M-63, M-66, 67 and M-63K models showed that this leads to an increase in the maximum torque in the high-speed zone. The characteristics of the resulting unit will be optimal for rally racing.

Thirdly, the tuning of the motorcycle "Ural" is made over a new engine or over the engine after major repairs.

Fourth, for boosting, the compression ratio should be increased to 8.5, which entails replacing the pistons with "Dnipro" ones and their specific boring. You should also increase the octane number of gasoline from 93 and above.

Ignition

Following the increase in power and the replacement of pistons, it is desirable to replace the spark plugs. Suitable for the "Urals" are candles A20 DV and A17 DV from "Zhiguli". Some craftsmen install an additional candle. This increases engine power at high revs, reduces consumption and can become a substitute for forcing. But we will have to work on the development of an independent sparking system. At the same time, the air filter changes, which reduces the loss of friction at the inlet.

If the engine is old, it is desirable to replace the carburetor and put the injector. It is possible to do this with your own hands, or with some help. Tuning a motorcycle "Ural" can be done using injection parts from VAZ's "dozens"

At the same time put a new starter. For ИМ3 starters from boat motors "Whirlwind" СТ 353, СТ 367, СТ 369 are suitable. VAZ - from 9, 10 and 11 models - also successfully are built in place of originals.

Cooling

When the power of the engine is increased, the pistons will require an additional heat sink. The problem is solved by installing "extra" air intakes. They are made of any strong enough material, even from paint cans. It is important here to fix the fences well, but not strictly along the axis of the cylinders, and arrange so as not to limit the possibility of replacing the candles on occasion.

Pendulum, timing and mufflers

If the hands reached the engine, then another modification, included in the tuning of the motorcycle "Ural", with their own hands implemented - the relief of the flywheel. The problem is solved by boring the existing one. As a consequence, the weight of the motorcycle and the speed of the set of revolutions decrease. The balancing of the "new" flywheel is not required if everything is done correctly.

Frame

The frame is easily digested, because the material is low-carbon steel. For tuning pipes are cut off, new ones are welded. Perhaps an extension under the new steering wheel. Installation of rear shock absorbers for a softer landing is performed. They are mounted under the wheels.

An enlarged tank is placed on the new frame. For this, the glove box is removed and the "extra" metal is cut out.

And at the end of all work with the engine, frame and tank you can proceed to install the seat, wings, headlights, stop lamps and other things. This is the tuning of the motorcycle "Ural".