How to get and how to use maternity capital up to 3 years?

Maternity capital is a form of state support for families with children, which operates on the territory of the Russian Federation from 2007 until the end of 2016. Financial assistance is given to parents who have had more than 2 children. Under the standard conditions of programs, cash can be withdrawn only after 36 months. More details on how to use the parent capital up to 3 years, read on.

For whom

Financial support from the state can receive:

• A woman who, after 2006, gave birth (adopted) a second child.
• A man, if he is the only parent of a baby up to 3 years old.
• A minor child or a student under 23 years of age - in the event of termination of the rights to receive state support of the adopter, who is the sole parent.

The size of the benefit increases every year. In 2015, it is 453,026 rubles.

How to obtain and use funds

It is necessary to provide a package of documents to the local branch of the PF:

• statement;
• passport;
• Insurance certificate;
• Birth certificate (court decision on adoption).

In case of a positive decision in a month, the applicant receives a certificate.

You can use funds on:

• Improvement of living conditions (purchase of an apartment, repayment of a part of a mortgage, reconstruction of a house, compensation for construction, repairs, participation in a cooperative);
• Payment for the education of the child (applies also to the payment of services of the institute, university, residence in the hostel, maintenance in the kindergarten).
• Forming part of the funded pension of the mother.

By common rules, the funds become available after the second child reaches the age of three. But there are exceptions, when the parent capital can be used up to 3 years. More detailed they will be considered further.

Additional conditions

• Use of the parent capital up to 3 years can be done only once.
• If you change the size of the state support, you do not need to update the certificate.
• The term of application to the FIU is unlimited.
• The application for the scheme of using the funds is submitted at any time.
• MK is not subject to personal income tax.
• Funds are given to parents, not to a particular child.
• Documents for the use of the parent capital up to 3 years can be submitted to any branch of the FIU, including through a trustee or by e-mail.
• The certificate can be recovered in case of theft. But after the death of the owner, it loses its force.

Territorial capital

In different regions of the Russian Federation, an additional form of state support is available in the amount of 50 to 250 thousand rubles. You can use these funds not only to purchase an apartment, but also to treat children, pay for their stay in a sanatorium, purchase a vehicle, agricultural equipment and other purposes. Thus, families with children can receive financial assistance from two sources, but only after the second or subsequent child turns 3 years old. Certificates are also issued through the FIU.

Residents of the capital and the region can use 100 thousand rubles. For housing construction, loan repayment, child education or accumulation of a mother's pension. The amount of cash aid is not indexed. Receive the funds can the family, in which the second child was born in the period from 2011 to the end of 2016. Residents of the Belgorod region are allocated 50 thousand rubles. These funds can be spent on building a house, repair (capital, current), purchase of building materials, payment of loans. How to get a parent capital of up to 3 years? Young mother 2 months after the birth of the third child is enough to apply with a statement in the PF.

In most regions, the amount of state support is 100 thousand rubles, which can be claimed by a young family after the birth of a third child. Detailed conditions for obtaining funds can be found at the local office of the social protection authority.

How to use maternity capital up to 3 years?

Legislation provides for the option of early cashing funds in the case of a mortgage. State aid can be used to pay a portion of interest and / or principal. How to cash out the parent capital before 3 years? At any time after the birth of the baby should be provided to the FIU:

• Credit agreement;
• Documents confirming the use of funds for the purchase of housing;
• A certificate of income to the parent who executed the contract;
• Agreement on opening a bank account;
• Certificate of ownership ;
• Statement of cash flows for recent months;
• Contract for the performance of construction work.

The funds are transferred to the bank account in which the mortgage or loan is issued. And can you get cash in parent capital? A child under 3 years old, as well as an older one, in many respects needs, but, unfortunately, no one will give you money. Therefore, the option of exchanging a certificate for bills, including through intermediaries, is considered illegal. For such transactions, administrative punishment is provided, both for the performer and for the customer.

Anti-crisis innovations

Having dealt with how to cash out the maternity capital to 3 years, we turn to the question of the use of funds. In 2014, amendments were made to the legislation concerning the procedure for obtaining state support. In particular, of the total amount of 20 thousand rubles. You can get cash and use for everyday needs. Such an anti-crisis plan is valid only for persons who have received the right to MK during the period from 2007 to the end of 2015. They must apply by March 31, 2016 to the FIU or the Multifunctional Public Services Center (MFC). The same documents are attached to it: the passport of the parent, the certificate, SNILS, bank details for the transfer of funds. The application is reviewed within a month. After making a positive decision, the money is transferred to the bank account for another 30 days.

The second change concerns families with two children. Such parents can use money to pay for their own education, treatment of a disabled child. But this paragraph does not apply to couples who have had twins. To receive money, it is enough to provide an application and a certified copy of the contract for the provision of paid services. Funds can be directed to pay for the services of private kindergartens.

Inheritance

One of the directions of using MK means is the formation of part of the pension. If the parent dies within 10 years of the application, the investment income and the balance of the MK will be paid to the second guardian or children. Without an urgent payment, the MC will be sent to the funded part of the pension without the right to inherit.

Problems of social program development

According to statistics, only a third of families use their right to maternity capital. Buying a house (up to the age of 3, the baby feels well in a 1-room apartment, but in time, as you understand, it will be necessary to expand), financing of construction, reconstruction is an important decision for young families, which imposes a huge financial burden. Because of the imperfection of the legislative base and a concise list of possibilities for using the MC, even state support funds do not encourage young parents to make long-term loans.

Semilegal methods

The use of parent capital up to 3 years is strictly controlled by law. Therefore, you need to be very careful not to fall for schemes scammers. The most common and often used of these is the exchange of a certificate for cash with a certain discount. However, it should be remembered that any schemes with the sale of the said document are illegal.

However, the semi-legal way still exists. You can spend the maternity capital up to 3 years on the "purchase" of housing. Some realtors offer a service to select a room in the area with the lowest prices. In terms of footage, housing should be no less than that in which the family lives. Part of the cost is paid in cash, and the rest is paid through a certificate. Upon completion of the transaction, new housing is put up for sale, and cash (minus all commissions) is returned to the parents. Here's how to use maternity capital to 3 years. This scheme has drawbacks. First, you need to provide about half a million rubles to pay the advance. Secondly, it is necessary to wait three months, while the pension fund will transfer to the seller the rest of means. Thirdly, the cost of the services of realtors and notaries can reach 20-30% of the total amount of the transaction.

There is another option, how to use the parent capital to 3 years. You can turn a similar transaction with a relative or intermediary. It will allow the young family to save more money. But there is a risk that the seller will hide with the money, leaving the family with the apartment, bought at an inflated price.

A large number of criminal cases are instituted on fraud with MK annually. Therefore, it is better not to look for risky schemes, but to use legal methods.

FAQs

Consider the most common questions regarding the use of MC.

The means of state support can be directed to the acquisition of a premise under a rent contract, the completion of a building, even if a third person (one of the relatives) is then registered in it. It is also worth noting that the law refers to the reconstruction of a residential house, not an apartment. It is forbidden to use money to buy movable property. Although sometimes the need for a car can be higher than in housing. The same applies to land plots. Due to the means of MC you can build a house, but you can not buy land.

Where can I spend the maternity capital of up to 3 years remaining after the acquisition of housing? For the same purposes:

• Improvement of living conditions;
• Education;
• Forming part of the labor pension.

The funds of the MC are not available to Russian citizens who permanently reside in another country and want to use the capital to purchase or renovate a house abroad. Money can be spent on the purchase of housing in any city in Russia, even different from the place of residence. The funds are not given to mothers who take care of the child. And in the case of the birth of two or more children at a time, a certificate can be issued for a child who was born later.

Maternity capital for housing up to 3 years does not affect the right to receive other payments. For example, if a family has issued a social pension due to loss of a breadwinner, the emergence of the right to receive MK can not affect the size of these payments. Due to the certificate it is impossible to pay repair in an apartment, a house, buy household appliances or furniture.

Loans

The means of state aid can be spent on payment of principal and interest on loan agreements. This item does not include deals on the purchase of real estate on terms of payment by installments from relatives, acquaintances, etc. First, the transaction can be concluded only with a legal entity. Secondly, the loan agreement and the contract of sale are two different documents.

Another nuance. The direction of the MC to repay some of the mortgage debt does not affect the further payment of the debt. In this case, the means of state aid fulfill the payment function. If in a few years the financial position of the borrower changes, he ceases to make payments to repay the debt, the court may decide to evict the family from the apartment, even if it is registered with a minor child. In the future, to sell housing, bought from the funds of the MC, you can, but after fulfilling the obligations to the state. For example, if a family purchased a "odnushku" and paid for it with funds from the certificate, and then decided to increase living space, then first it must be "registered" for parents and all children, and then put up for sale. To complete the transaction, it will be necessary to obtain the consent of all adult cohabitants and the guardianship authority. The shares between the owners are distributed according to the agreement (written application), regardless of what part of the cost of housing was paid off by the MC. If this item is not registered in the document, then most likely all owners will receive equal shares.

Training

One of the areas of use of MK funds is the payment for the education of children. It is important that the educational institution is located in the territory of the Russian Federation. The age of the child at the start of training should be less than 25 years. This option may be suitable for families in which the second child was born after 2007, and the first one is already finishing school.

Shared ownership

Quite a lot of questions are caused by the situation when the certificate of registration of real estate states that a resident of the apartment is registered ½ part of an apartment building, and a person applies for a state aid to purchase the remaining half. In this case, it will not be possible to use the parent's capital before the age of three. "The house for two owners" gets the status of a 2-apartment apartment house. Before applying to the PF for funds, you need to divide the property on paper. This applies to cases where a person acquires a part of someone else's house. If he wants to improve housing conditions by buying out the remaining half of the apartment in which he already lives, such problems should not be.

According to Art. 15, 16 ZhK RF, an apartment is recognized as an isolated building, which is suitable for citizens' residence. These include:

• Residential building, part of it;
• Apartment, part of it;
• room.

The residential building is a building with rooms in which there is an auxiliary use room. Part of such a structure should be isolated, with a separate entrance.

Immediately register the whole family at a new address is not necessary. But after the mortgage is repaid, you need to specify that the purchased premises are registered in the common property of parents and all children (in shares, by agreement). Very often parents refuse to register a part of the property for themselves, wishing to distribute it among the heirs. This contradicts the conditions of the program. All members of the family must be inscribed on the new living space. The property bought at the expense of the funds of the MC is not a joint property, it is not subject to division. That is, after the divorce each of the spouses will remain the owner of its share.

Several variants

The duration of the state aid program is limited. Therefore, people who already have the right to receive funds, but do not yet know how to dispose of them, should hurry with the decision. The legislation provides for the use of the entire amount or part of the funds of the MC to improve housing conditions, receive education, and form a funded pension. Let's assume the option of simultaneous use of several directions. If the holder of the certificate has decided to spend the maternity capital up to 3 years on the formation of the funded part of the labor pension, he has the right to change his mind and, before the retirement age, redirect the funds in any of the two remaining areas.

Restrictions

Russian citizens may receive maternity capital for construction (up to 3 years), even if they live in other countries, but only once. That is, if during the validity period of the state aid program the second and third child reached the age of three, the certificate can still be issued only to one of the children.

For couples who live in a civil marriage, there are limitations. Men in such families can not obtain a certificate if the acquired property is not subsequently issued to both parents and children.

Those who have issued mortgages before the program begins to operate, with equity participation (i.e., for two or more borrowers), the PF may refuse to issue MK funds. It is worth trying to apply to the bank with a request to re-arrange the contract for one person. If the credit institution makes a positive decision, you can issue a certificate.

Forecasts

According to preliminary data, the program of state aid will be in effect until the end of 2016. Its cancellation will affect the demographic situation in the country. The proposal to extend the program for another 9 years has already been submitted to the State Duma. Funds that are allocated to the matkapital, deal a severe blow to the territorial budgets. Alternative ways of stimulating the birth rate are considered. Benefits were offered for improving housing conditions, expanding the use of funds.