How to conjugate the verb of the French language?

The verbs in French are conjugated almost as hard as in Russian. Endings vary for each person, number, time.

Verbs of the French language: groups

There are three groups of conjugation of verbs, each with its own rules. The verbs of the first two groups tend to follow the same rules for all verbs within each group. Although there are small nuances. The third group includes verbs that are not included in the first two, and are distinguished by a variety of forms. It is their conjugation that should be learned, whereas the verbs of the first and second groups can be identified by certain characteristics, it is necessary to determine which group should be referred and harnessed according to general rules. What are these signs? Simplified: the type of conjugation depends on the end of the verb.

The first group includes verbs with the endings -er. This is the most numerous group with the only exception. The verb aller - walk refers to the third group.

The second group includes verbs with the endings -ir. This is about three hundred verbs of the French language. It should be borne in mind that there are verbs that end in -ir, but refer, nevertheless, to the third group - they can be found in tables of irregular verbs.

The verbs of the first and second groups are inclined by attaching endings to the stem of the word. The very foundation never changes.

The third group includes irregular (or irregular) verbs. They do not tend to be exactly the same, however, despite the fact that most learners find this topic complex, the conjugation of many of these verbs is easily remembered. The fact is that this group includes, among other things, the most popular verbs of the French language, which, like the English verbs to be, have and have to have, perform an official role and are used very often. Important: only the verbs of this group can change the stem. There are no unified rules for changing it, but these verbs can be broken up into subgroups: 1) verbs, the basis of which changes without any system - there are very few such; 2) verbs in which the base changes only in the plural, in the third person; 3) verbs, which have two bases - for the plural and singular.

How to conjugate the verb of the present time?

To begin with, you need to refer the verb to one of the groups, then follow the conjugation rules given below.

1st group. Conjugate the verb écouter - listen.

Je (I) -e. For example: J'écoute de la musique la nuit.- I listen to music at night.

Tu (You) -es. For example: Tu m'écoutes? - You are listening to me?

Il / elle (He / She) -e. For example: Il écoute la radio. "He's listening to the radio."

Nous (We are) -ons. For example, Nous écoutons chanter les oiseaux. - We listen to the birds sing.

Vous (you) -ez. For example: Vous écoutez le silence. - You listen to silence.

Ils / elles (They) -ent. For example: Ils écoutent mes histories. "They listen to my stories."

It is worth paying attention to the fact that some verbs in conjugation can double the last consonant in the basis of the word. There is another "special" verb ending in -er-envoyer (send). Despite the fact that he tends according to the rules, his base varies greatly, that's why experts argue about which group is better to be attributed to. Also, -er ends one more known verb - aller, but he without any doubts concerns the third group, because he leans quite differently from the representatives of the third group.

2nd group. Conjugate the popular verb choisir - choose.

Je (I) is issis. For example: Je choisis une robe rouge. - I choose a red dress.

Tu (You) - issis. For example: Tu choisis une robe longue. "You choose a long dress."

Il / elle (He / She) - issit. For example: Il choisit ses compagnons. - He chooses his comrades.

Nous (We) are issons. For example: Nous choisissons la liberté. "We choose freedom."

Vous (you) is issez. For example: Vous choisissez un conseiller financiers. - You choose a financial adviser.

Ils / elles (They) - issent. For example: Ils choisissent le vélo. - They choose cycling.

Note that in the plural, the verbs of the second group have the same endings as the verbs of the first, but the -iss element is added.

3rd group. It is necessary to remember the conjugation of verbs such as avour - to have, être - to be, lire - to read, mettre - to put. They are not conjugated by the rules.

Next, we will analyze by examples how the wrong verbs of one of the groups are inclined.

1. Wrong verbs ending in -ir. For example, dormir - to sleep. I do not sleep well. - Je ne dors pas bien / You sleep - Tu dors / He sleeps on his back - Il dort sur le dos We Sleep - Nous dormons . Are you sleeping now? - Dormez -vous? They sleep in turns. - Ils dorment à tour de rôle. The same endings need to be added to the basics of other verbs from this group, discarding the ending, for example, in the word mentir (lie), the foundation is ment-.

In a separate group, verbs ending in: 1) -endre, -ondre. For example, vendre - sell; 2) -uire. For example, construire - build; 3) -aindre, -oindre, -eindre. For example, plaindre - sorry.

How to conjugate the past tense verb

Please note that in French there are three past tenses. Conjugation of verbs in each of them must be analyzed separately. Two times (Passé composé and Plus-que-parfait) are complex, and conjugation of verbs is performed with the help of an auxiliary verb: according to the scheme, the auxiliary verb (avoir or être) plus the past participle. For example, let's try to change one sentence above - "I choose a red dress". "I chose the red dress" will be "J'ai choisi une robe rouge", where J'ai is a pronoun with a modified auxiliary verb, and choisi is the communion.

Verbs in the simple past tense are inclined in the same way as verbs in the present tense - by attaching the word endings to the stem:

Je (I) is ais. For example: Je dansais. - I danced.

Tu (You) is ais. For example: tu dormais. - Did you sleep.

Il / elle (He / She) is ait. For example: Il ronflait. - He snored.

Nous (We) are ions. For example: Nous chantions. - We sang.

Vous (you) - iez. For example: Vous clamiez. - You complained.

Ils / elles (They) are aient. For example: Ils volaient - You flew.

Note that there is no division into groups. The endings of the simple past tense are the same for all verbs.

How to conjugate the future tense verb

In the simple future, verbs conjugate according to a fairly simple scheme: one must take an indefinite form of the verb and add to it the ending of the verb avoir-to have. For example, for the first person the verb avoir has the ending ai, hence je volerai - I'll fly, je viendrai - I'll come, j'appellerai - I'll call. However, there are a number of verbs that can be better considered separately - they have special shapes in the future tense. In addition, in some words the last consonant is doubled (j'appellerai).

How best to learn the conjugation of verbs?

Instructions

1. Remember the personal pronouns. First you need to learn them, and only then look in the verb conjugation tables.
2. To become familiar with the principles of assigning verbs to different groups. This not only systematizes knowledge, but also allows you to learn to distinguish the basis of the verb.
3. Gradually get acquainted with the rules of conjugation of verbs, moving from the first group to the third. That is, first you need to remember the seven endings inherent in the verbs of the first group in the present tense, then the second, then you can gradually master the verbs of the third group, in turn, breaking them into subgroups. Also, it is gradually worth getting acquainted with the endings for different times. Such small "pieces" of information are remembered without difficulty. During the memorization, it is necessary to practice, for example, take any verb of the first group and conjugate it. When all the rules are learned, one can practice in conjugation, taking any random verb.

As you can see, the basic principle is gradualness. Proceed to the next stage, only having mastered the previous one.

Here is an example of how to conjugate a verb. To do this, take any verb from the exercise or dictionary. For example, the verb "water" - arroser. Judging by the ending, the verb belongs to the first group. Therefore, in the present tense will be: I water - Je arrose, You water - Tu arroses, He water - Il arrose, She water - Elle arrose, We water - Nous arrosons, You water - Vous arrosez, They water - Ils arrosent.