GAZ-23: specifications, photos and history of creation

In 1962, at the Gorky Automobile Plant, a new 195-strong V8 engine was put into the GAZ-21 car. They were also equipped with automatic transmissions. This modified car was called GAZ-23. The order for revision was made by none other than the KGB. A new car for special services was assembled on the basis of the GAZ-21 chassis. The weight of the new car turned out to be 100 kg more, and up to 100 km it was accelerated in 16 seconds. The maximum speed, which was capable of this transport, was more than 160 km / h.

History of creation

About the car GAZ-23 among motorists goes a lot of all sorts of different legends. But you need to know the original and true story - the history of the creation of this legendary car for the needs of the special services of the USSR.

Gorky Automobile Plant on the order received from the committee gos. Safety, it was necessary to urgently design a special purpose vehicle. It had to significantly exceed the technical equipment of other cars, since this vehicle was supposed to ensure success with chases. Also, the car was supposed to give the opportunity to move comfortably in tuples to high-ranking statesmen. In addition, the car was able to withstand various other special tasks.

The project was launched in 1959, and Boris Akimovich Dekhtyar was appointed the leading specialist who was responsible for the development and design of the new machine.

So, in the course of the work the designers and engineers of the car factory equipped this modification with the most modern, technological and most powerful at that time eight-cylinder GAZ-13 engine. The car already then was equipped with an automatic transmission.

Naturally, this engine simply could not be installed under the bonnet of GAZ-21 without any modifications. Therefore, the motor was slightly modified and adapted for these purposes. In particular, a new oil pan was installed, the exhaust manifold was recycled, and many more trifles.

As a result of the long and painstaking work of engineers and employees of the automobile plant, a new engine was produced, which was installed on the Volga GAZ-23.

In order to be more comfortable to install this motor in the body, engineers and designers had to deploy the motor around the axis of the crankshaft by as much as 2 degrees.

So, after all the improvements in 1962, a new car was put on the conveyor, though, its production was small-scale. Designers were not easy. I had to perform a lot of modifications. Especially strongly and diligently had to work on the braking system. Pads that were made to work in the GAZ-21 standard, just could not cope with the new loads. So, engineers had to design new brakes, which would withstand the impact of high temperatures. GAZ-23 was equipped with cast brake drums made of cast iron. Later, when GAZ-24 is produced at the Gorky Automobile Plant, it will also be equipped with such brakes.

GAZ-23 produced only 8 years, and since the production of these cars was small, then 603 cars came off the assembly line. Today, these machines can be found in collectors and fans of retro technology around the world. These cars are worth serious money, and on the basis of their bodies, tuning specialists create new technological machines equipped with the latest technology.

Modifications

It is alleged that there were several modifications of the machine for the KGB. This is the very first and basic machine with an 8-cylinder engine and automatic transmission. It was named GAZ-M-23. There was installed an automatic planetary box with a torque converter. Then there was the GAZ-23B. It differed from the basic model by a more pleasant style, namely improved finishing from the outside. There were installed chrome linings for windows and window sills, as well as chrome-plated left mirror. GAZ-23B was an export version of this model and was intended for replacement for the same cars of GAZ-21 export kit.

Gas-23A for the original design was to be equipped with a mechanical box, but it could not be released. Further, this index "A" was assigned to machines that, apart from their standard equipment, were equipped with some special equipment.

If you study the historical facts well, you can find out that there was a GAZ-21A1 machine. According to the technical specification received at the plant, for special purpose vehicles, only one branch pipe for the exhaust of exhaust gases was required. This GAZ-23 differs from ordinary, civil "Volga".

It is also known that we managed to launch a few GAZ-23-10s with "universal" bodies. In 1970, the release of the car for the special services stopped. Many motorists are still upset that these cars were not sold for ordinary people. I wonder how many of these GAZ-23s are left? The photos are simply amazing, then the designers had a taste.

Characteristics

So, in 62-year under the hood of GAZ-21 was installed engine in 195 horsepower. This V8 engine, which was previously equipped with the Seagull, as well as an automatic box on the planetary gears, was then installed in a "catch-up", a car for the KGB, or simply the 23rd Volga.

The GAZ-23 had an average speed of 160 km / h, and up to a hundred could accelerate in just 16 seconds, which at that time was just fantastic. Brake system amplifier in the engine compartment designers and engineers could not find a place, therefore the braking system remained practically unchanged. It was only slightly altered, replacing disks and pads.

The motor on the 23rd model was slightly different from the Seagull engine. The shape of the crankcase and its depth were changed. Also, engineers changed the length of the dipstick to check the oil level. In order for the engine to fit comfortably in its place, it had to be tilted slightly. Opening the hood, you can see that the front panel of the motor completely covers the radiator.

As for the salon, it was simply a luxury one. This car was equipped with additional lighting, as well as leather sofas. There was a special searchlight.

Then there was a modification 23A with a mechanical box, which was abandoned, because it could not withstand the load. In the batch production went the car without additional indices, but with an automatic.

Engine

The engine installed on the GAZ-23 car is an eight-cylinder V8 engine. Its working volume was 5.53 cubic meters. Cm, and the power is 195 liters. from. The engine was designed for petrol A93 or for B91 "Extra".

Also, the car worked perfectly on the A95 and on the 98th gasoline. If you look into the crankcase, then in the middle you can see four pins that hold the right engine cushion. The exhaust manifold on the right is the same as on the GAZ-13.

Exhaust system

In these cars there were two exhaust tracts. The intake pipe on the right had a very interesting shape. The muffler on the right side is an ordinary silencer from the GAZ-21 model. It is located in a standard location. The design of the left silencer is unique. In fact, this is the right muffler, but in a mirror image. Between the two tracts there is no connecting branch pipe, although it existed on the Seagull.

Transmission

The checkpoint was different from the one used on the Seagull. The difference is in the modes and control of them. The 23rd Volga is equipped with only a small lever protruding from the box body. The oil dipstick of this box is serial, as in the Seagull, but its tube is unique.

Cardan transmission

In the cars of the 23rd model, the cardan gear has an intermediate support. The set of shafts differs from the 21st only by the length of the intermediate shaft. On the 23rd machine, the pipe is slightly shorter.

Rear axle

This is a common split rear axle. Many of them know the design of the same node on the 21st model. The differential unit is the same as on the 21st model. However, the main pair has an altered ratio of teeth.

Cooling

What's on the Seagull, that the "catch-up" cooling seems, and many nodes are identical. Here, as elsewhere, there is a water pump, a radiator, a heater unit, jalousie, water-oil mechanisms.

Body Details

The car was created in such a way that it was impossible to distinguish it from the 21st model. All parts of the body from the outside completely repeat the details of the car GAZ-21,23. If you open the hood, only then you can see the unlike the 21-th radiator cap.

The bonnet hood from the outside is no different, but on the inside there is an amplifier mounted on it. Near the front passenger seat there is a bulge in the leg area. In this protuberance lies the right exhaust.

On the body of the differences, almost no, but they say that the trunk had an additional lock, which could only be opened from the inside.

What's next?

And then a GAZ-2330 or "Tiger" car was created. This is a dual purpose machine. It is designed to transport people and goods in off-road conditions. The layout of the car is hood, classic, the body is steel. The basis for this car is a boiled, very rigid metal frame.

"Tiger" is equipped with a full drive, with a symmetric center-to-center tapered differential. The gearbox in this SUV is six-speed, mechanical. The brakes are made in the form of a drum hydraulic system. Suspension in cars GAZ-2330 independent.

This GAZ-23-30 was to be the answer to the "Hammer" from the United States. There were issues of this machine for both the army and civilian needs.

Conclusion

That's how GAZ cars became a real legend. These cars are still revered among the fans of retro technology. Often, original parts can only be found for a lot of money. These cars are very few, but until now you can find a completely restored, original equipment.