Gas boiler with closed combustion chamber: device, instruction manual

Boiler equipment for heating function is considered the most productive and efficient. Unlike classic home heaters, such units can mostly form the main heating system, not just the auxiliary heating system. But there are also opposite sides of such equipment. It costs more and requires more energy. From the point of view of economic feasibility, the optimal solution will be a gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber, which also has a high degree of safety. This is a modern variation of the traditional combustion system, but with a number of design modifications and modifications.

Boiler arrangement

The general arrangement of the unit as a whole is similar to the models operating with an open firebox. In the simplest modification, a single-circuit gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber has three components. This is directly the camera and its infrastructure, two expansion tanks and storage capacity. To this, it is worth adding a pipeline infrastructure that provides a link between these elements and at the same time can act as a conductor of heat throughout the house.

The basis of the boiler unit is a burner, which operates not from oxygen in the room, but from the supply of air from the outside. This explains the high reliability of this equipment. Depending on the requirements, a double-circuit gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber, additionally equipped with units for providing hot water supply, can be effective. Such models are more expensive and more problematic in installation, but they are more productive and more functional. To provide a similar task for hot water supply at the expense of a single-circuit boiler, additional boiler installation is required, which will be more expensive.

Principle of operation

Most often, such boilers are used to serve two systems. First of all, it is a heating function, which is performed by both single- and double-circuit systems. The second option is also capable of working for DHW supply. In both cases, the boiler's base is a torch gas burner. It operates from a central gas pipeline or from a tank filled with liquefied fuel. A modern gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber is equipped with an electromagnetic valve element, which automatically stabilizes the function of the unit. Since gas equipment is considered to be the most dangerous from the point of view of daily operation, the developers of closed-burner models tend to minimize risks in all aspects, and the presence of valves is one of the main protective devices. After the burner has completed its heating task, the water is sent along the contours to the corresponding tanks, or distributed for circulation around the house.

Combustion exhaust system

In boilers with a traditional combustion system and a natural outlet, the smoke removal of their gas burner device is provided through the internal surface of the heat exchanger. This function is regulated to some extent by the traction stabilizer associated with the chimney duct. In the latest versions of the aggregates, this mechanism was improved. So, even a budget gas boiler wall-mounted single-circuit can be equipped with a productive fan-exhauster with a pressure sensor. The protective mechanism can stop the fuel supply to the burner if violations of the ventilation function are noted.

Automation

Automatic systems are implemented to provide functions of two types - control and security. In the first case, the sensors and controllers set the optimal parameters of the system operation from the point of view of the user program. In particular, they set the proper ignition mode, monitor the burner operation capacity, adjust the water volumes for circulation, etc. As for the safety systems, the gas boiler with the closed combustion chamber in this part is mainly protected from dangerous situations that may arise in the process Operation. For example, special sensors can shut down the burner if the flame disappears. Even with the detection of deviations in the operation of the flame monitoring system, the protective sensor can shut down the boiler. The same applies to cases of insufficient flow of coolant, for violations in the removal of smoke, when the unit is overheated, etc.

Varieties

The differences between single- and double-circuit models have already been considered, but this equipment differs according to the type of placement method. In particular, floor and wall units are popular. If you intend to purchase a powerful and productive helper for servicing hot water and heating a large house, it is better to choose a floor gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber with a volumetric tank. Installation on a strong screed or other foundation basis implies physical stability of the device operation - accordingly, it makes no sense to economize on the working potential of machinery.

Wall models are advantageous in that they save space, although in terms of installation, some versions can also deliver a lot of problems. It all depends on the model of the unit and the materials of the local finishes. In addition, a wall-mounted gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber rarely has a high power - most often single-circuit models. Therefore, this option will be beneficial in the heating infrastructure of a small private house or one room.

User's manual

First of all, it should be noted that the boiler should be located only in rooms intended for this type of equipment. It does not have to be a technical room - the unit can be installed in a bathroom, in the kitchen, in the utility room or in the garage. The main thing is that the conditions in this place do not contradict the rules of fire safety. Use a gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber when all heating and water circuits are connected. The interaction of the user with the equipment is realized through special relays and control panels. Usually these parts are supplied with ergonomic regulators with sensors and indicators of the boiler operating parameters. For example, the volumes of the heat carrier, the temperature, the mode of operation of the burner, etc. are indicated.

Manufacturers and prices

In the domestic market there are a lot of worthy offers from the companies Bosch, Baxi, Protherm, Vaillant, etc. For the most part, these are wall models that are characterized by modest dimensions and at the same time high performance. For example, the modification of Gaz 7000W from Bosch has a power potential of 35 kW, which is sufficient for maintenance of houses with a total area of up to 350 m2. In terms of cost, of course, this equipment is not the most attractive. For example, a gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber, the price of which is 20-25 thousand rubles, is considered to be budgetary. Solid versions from large brands are estimated at 40-50 thousand. However, the practice of exploitation shows that these costs justify themselves in the long run.

Conclusion

The use of gas equipment gives several significant advantages. First, gas consumption with access to the central supply line will cost inexpensively - in any case, in comparison with electrical equipment. Secondly, even a low-power gas boiler wall-mounted single-circuit with a competent organization of the circuit scheme will be able to provide heat to a medium-sized house. Again, if the circulation is correctly calculated, then there may be a need for additional point sources of heating. But for large houses it is still desirable to resort to dual-circuit complexes with capacious storage devices. This is a multifunctional equipment that will solve several tasks in the maintenance of private home ownership.