Fundamentals of sociology and political science as modern sciences

For the first time the term "sociology" was introduced by Auguste Comte, a French scientist. Sociology, as an object, studies society, individuals in it, as well as the principles of building the relationship between them. The task of sociology is the explanation and practical solution of social problems in society.

Politics studies political relations in any society. The sphere of issues studied by the subject of political science includes the analysis of the role and correlation of the main components of any political system: the state, various public organizations and political parties.

The fundamentals of sociology and political science, as subjects that study the basic aspects of the functioning of society, allow us to view society as a single socio-cultural and political organization; Give an opportunity to comprehend the patterns of development of social relations in society inseparably linked with the regulation of socio-political; Allow us to study the laws that determine the development of relations between the individual and society, and also provide an opportunity to analyze social structures and the nature of the relationship between the elements of this structure.

The emergence of political science as a science makes it possible to regulate socio-political relations, and the entire complex of interrelated problems, which constitutes the concept of democracy; Allows to study the principles of foreign policy of states, as well as the development within the state of various political forces and their influence on the nature of international relations of the state.

Considering the basics of sociology and political science, it can be argued that these two areas of functioning of modern society can be considered only in the totality of their manifestation. Political relations (internal and external) can be analyzed only in conjunction with the totality of social relations, which can include economic, social and ideological relations.

The structure of political science as a science about the laws of development of politics, combines several directions and represents such sciences:

- Political philosophy. This section defines the basic principles of ideas about the place and role of politics in the system of social relations. Political philosophy defines the principles of the formation of certain fundamental moments in political science (the apparatus that defines concepts and categories in political science).

- History of political thought: a subject that studies the stages of evolution of ideas about the life of the state in the aspect of its policy, and also studies the components of political life that existed in different epochs.

- Political sociology is a very extensive branch of the study of political events, phenomena and processes based on the collection and analysis of empirical data. Fundamentals of sociology and political science, as sciences, make it possible to synthesize knowledge about various aspects of the development of society in a unified science.

- Political psychology - a science that studies the political behavior of an individual in society, as well as his motivation. Of particular interest in this section of science is the study of the political behavior of the masses.

- Political anthropology studies a person who (in any form) engages in political activities. This area of knowledge studies the prerequisites, motivations, conditions for people to enter the political sphere, the factor of personal interest in political relations, and also establishes "traces of presence" in human and human factors.

Studying the basics of sociology and political science, taking into account modern phenomena in the political and social life of states, one can come to the conclusion that these sciences are in constant development and dynamics.