Forest And Ecology

The forest is the main type of the vegetative layer of the Earth. It is the most expensive source of obtaining various products, quite an ancient and widely known material that is used in various fields. This is the unity of nature, the environment is just a part of it. In this connection, the division of forest and environment is considered conditional. It is necessary for the gradual unfolding of their connections, direct and inverse.
Studying the relationship between plantations and environment, forests and the environment, the ecology of the forest is engaged in a wide range. As an object of ecology, consider certain types of woody and non-wood forest organisms. Forest ecology, as syneco, includes the following aspects: logical out-ecology. The first aspects are forest and environment, to the second - individual species and environment.
In the forest ecology, two sides are considered: the first - the influence of environmental factors on the life of the forest; The second - the importance of ecology and the impact of the forest itself on the environment that surrounds it. In the second case it is said: about the influence of forest space beyond its limits, which is occupied by forest. Hence, the ecology of the forest studies the role of the environment in the existence of the forest as the unity of nature, of which this medium is an integral part. All the diversity of environmental factors that determine the conditions of forest growth, life and forest development, is reduced to several groups: first, climatic factors, including radiation, water regimes, the movement and composition of air, and so on.
Second, the factors are edaphic and orographic. These include soil, soil, features of the terrain, as far as the slopes are steep and exposition.
The third group, biotic factors. This group includes plants, animals, and microorganisms.
The fourth group is anthropogenic factors.
Fifth, historical factors.
In nature there is a complex influence of environmental factors, which manifest themselves in different combinations. If one factor changes, then the other one will change. For example: with a change in altitude , climate, soil and some other factors will necessarily change.
So, under the influence of different environmental factors is the forest. He influences the environment, and he himself influences all these factors, creating a peculiar environment peculiar to him only. It is of great importance for a person, in a cut, not only in the local, but also in the global.
If we evaluate the ecological functions of the forest, we can distinguish two types of effects on the environment: mechanical and biogeochemical. The mechanical function is carried out through biomass. These are living organisms in general or individual components that are contained on a unit of ecosystem area. Biochemical function is physiological activity, for example, photosynthesis, mineralization and the like.
There are several functions of the forest: productivity, carbon function, air-purifying, climatic, meteorological and water protection.
The ability of the forest is to remove both carbon from the air and foreign matter. From air pollutants, air is purified by absorption and physical sedimentation.
Forest plantings greatly reduce the effect of noise, protect roads, so that they are not covered with snow.
Forests affect the atmospheric phenomena. This creates their own microclimate, which is used to protect crops, soils and the like. Positively, forests affect groundwater recharge, since most of the surface waters pass into underground waters. Groundwater feed rivers, thereby guaranteeing a high water level, both in winter and in summer. Forest plantations play an important role.