Follicular cyst of the ovaries

The follicular cyst of the ovaries often forms against the background of the absence of ovulation. Most often it occurs in young girls during puberty. A follicular cyst whose diameter does not exceed 6 cm basically has no symptoms. With the formation of hormone-active cysts, an increase in the level of estrogen is possible. In this case, the disease is accompanied by violations of the menstrual cycle. It is not rare in this case, and uterine bleeding that occurs in mature women and premature puberty in decennial girls and older. If the diameter of this new growth reaches 8 cm or more, then the twisting of the cyst leg is possible. In this case, there is a violation of blood circulation, the death of ovarian tissue and, in extreme cases, there is a rupture of the cyst. The follicular cyst of the ovaries is most often formed during the ovulation period, and in the future can reach up to 8 cm in diameter.

How can I tell if a woman has a follicular cyst? Symptoms of the disease: an increase in the ovary, abnormal bleeding, irregular menstruation, severe pain from the patient's ovary, intensifying during the rupture of the cyst. About a quarter of women with this type of neoplasm experience acute pain during ovulation. Most often, these formations do not cause other symptoms and very often go through some time without treatment. But, despite this, the attending physician is obliged to observe the neoplasm with the help of ultrasound, and if in time it does not disappear, then appoint the necessary treatment. The final diagnosis is established only on the basis of regular clinical manifestations, vaginal examination, laparoscopy and confirmatory ultrasound results. In ultrasound investigation, this formation is a round one-chamber formation, which has thin walls and a uniform content (a water light or slightly colored liquid, sometimes containing impurities of blood).

A follicular cyst with a diameter of up to 8 cm requires a dynamic observation followed by ultrasound. As a rule, within 2 months, such a cyst may undergo the reverse development. To accelerate this reverse process, appoint certain oral contraceptives, starting from the 5th to the 25th day of the menstrual cycle. Such therapy is prescribed for 2-3 cycles.

The follicular cyst, in which a diameter of 8 or more centimeters is subjected to the procedure of hatching and suturing the cyst walls or resection of the ovary. As a rule, such operations are performed without cavitary incisions, but only with the help of a laparoscopy. If the cyst is complicated by torsion of the leg or rupture of the ovary, an emergency surgery is performed. If the circulation of the ovary is disturbed, it is removed.

Most often, non-pregnant women have single follicular cysts. This new growth occurs in the reproductive age, mainly after menarche in the first years, as well as before menopause. Most often they are defined in the postmenopausal period. There are rare cases of follicular cysts in children. As a rule, they are a component of the Mccune-Albright syndrome.

Follicular cysts do not belong to tumor (neoplastic) lesions. Their formation is considered a consequence of abnormal secretion of the gonadotropin. They arise with a temporary variation of normal physiological processes. A follicular cyst may occur if there is no rupture of the ripe dominant follicle or normal atresia of the immature follicle. In the second case, the follicle loses its ability to reabsorb the follicular fluid.