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Female image in the novel "Quiet Flows the Don". Characteristics of heroines of the novel-epic of Sholokhov

Mikhail Sholokhov wrote a truly brilliant work about such an estate in Russia, like the Cossacks. This is the novel Quiet Flows the Don. The heroes of the book are ordinary people with their difficulties and problems. Female images in this work are revealed on the basis of traditional ideas about the purpose of the Cossack, which should be a good mother and guardian of the hearth. The female image in the novel "Quiet Flows the Don" helps to reveal the personality of the protagonist, Grigory Melekhov. Before turning to the analysis of female images of this famous novel, let us say a few words about how it was created.

History of creation: "Quiet Flows the Don"

The idea of writing a novel about the revolution and ordinary people appeared in Sholokhov in the mid-1920s.

From the autumn of 1925 the author began working on the novel "Donness". Initially, the writer did not expect that his work would unfold so widely.

Sholokhov was puzzled by the need to write a novel in such a way as to explain the historical conditions that led to the revolution. The author writes about the life of people, their way of life, difficulties, trying to show the growth of revolutionary sentiments. Change of intention led to the fact that the novel received a new name - "Quiet Flows the Don".

The life of the characters of the work epitomizes, according to the author's plan, the way of life of different strata of the population during the war and revolution.

In addition, Sholokhov sets himself the task of telling about the tragic fate of people who fell into the maelstrom of the events of the period from 1914 to 1921.

The idea of the novel "Quiet Flows the Don", which, as it now appears, was different from the original idea of the author, matured in the last days of 1926. The collection of material for the work began.

To this end, the writer moved to Veshenskaya stanitsa, making trips to nearby farms and talking with participants in the war and revolution. In order to study the folklore of the Cossacks well, the author visits the archives of Rostov and Moscow.

As it was written, Sholokhov published parts of his novel. Reviews about this work did not come from the pages of the press. Work on the fourth book was not very fast, which encouraged readers who were worried about the fate of the heroes, writing numerous letters to Sholokhov.

It is known that among the writers there was a rumor that the novel was written not by Sholokhov, but by some murdered officer, from whose bag the manuscript was seized. The author was forced to go to Rostov and collect a commission to refute the slander.

However, the novel written by Sholokhov, stood the test of time. Many generations continue to read it, admiring the original characters of the main characters and experiencing with them the difficulties of life.

So, now we know the story of the creation of the Quiet Flows the Don. Let us turn to the main female images of the novel.

Love triangle

For a classic novel, a love triangle is characteristic . The main characters of the novel "Quiet Flows the Don" are also doomed to this. In this work two women, Natalia and Aksinya, love one Cossack - Grigory Melekhov. Natalia is his lawful wife, Aksinya is the wife of Melekhov's neighbor, Stepan Astakhov. In the novel "Quiet Flows the Don" Aksinya passionately loves Grigory forbidden sensual love. It is no wonder that her sincere attitude deeply touched the heart of the Cossack.

Aksinya

The image of this woman is central to the novel. She is independent, strong, beautiful. Aksinya is capable of deep feelings. It embodies the ability of the Cossacks to be independent and fervent in love, sacrificing themselves.

Character and fate of the heroine

Aksinya's life was not easy. The connection with Grigory, of which the whole farm was chatting, became known to her husband, Stepan Astakhov. On his question about whether this is true, Aksinya confessed to him without hesitation. Her willingness to take responsibility for her actions gives her a strong personality. What happened between her and Melekhov for Aksinya is not a simple affair, but a deep feeling.

She, like Gregory, did not lie, did not pretend. Both were firmly convinced that the connection between them was not an accidental affair. Such behavior was perceived by the villagers as immoral.

Life at the behest of the heart

In the novel "Quiet Flows the Don," Aksinya personifies a sensual nature that wants to live by its own will, obeying only the will of the heart. She is even more courageous than her lover, Grigory Melekhov. It is Aksinya who proposes to Gregory to leave together with his native farm, breaking with the conventions.

This woman always followed her beloved, without asking where they were going, so selfless was her feeling.

Weaknesses and vices

The heroes of the novel Quiet Flows the Don, like any other people, have their shortcomings. Aksinya - a woman who is capable of strong feelings, her life is governed by passions, which brings a lot of grief to others and herself. Her love for Melekhov in many ways was the reason for his disagreement with his wife Natalia. Aksinya does not back down even when children come to Grigory and Natalia. The temperament of this woman also became the reason for her betrayal of Melekhov and Listnitsky. Nevertheless, it is worth acknowledging that Aksinya's infidelity further demonstrates her strong feeling for Gregory.

The despair of the love of Aksinya and Gregory

Aksinya loves Grigory furiously, her feeling sweeps everything in its path. She follows him everywhere. People who are able to feel so much, as a rule, are rarely happy, they want to be close to loved ones everywhere, to occupy their lives completely. The author emphasizes the doom of these relations by the fact that the children of Aksinya and Gregory could not survive. Their union is not harmonious, because such a passion violates the natural balance.

Natalia

In contrast to Aksinya, Natalia has a completely different character. "Quiet Don" in the images of these two women shows different types of Cossacks. If Aksinya is freedom-loving, sensual, strong, Natalya is completely different. She is a faithful wife, a good housewife, mother, keeper of the hearth. This woman is beautiful, kind, industrious, but deeply unhappy. It is the dream of any Cossack, but something in her character does not reach her husband, who in his own way, of course, loves her.

Natalya's love for Gregory

Natalia before the wedding was much in love with Gregory. Having learned that the Melekhovs must marry her, the girl declares that she does not want to marry anyone else.

After the wedding for her, as for an exemplary wife, the only happiness is the husband and children. Her love for Grigory is submissive and highly moral.

This is the image of Natalia. "Quiet Don" personifies in this heroine the ideal of the highest female virtue.

Rival

So, the novel-epic "Quiet Flows the Don" tells us about the love of two women who competed among themselves.

The difference in their characters is very clearly manifested during their meetings with each other.

At the first meeting, Natalya begs Aksinya to leave Gregory. Beloved Gregory shows contempt for the lawful wife. Natalia is defeated.

The second meeting between women takes place five years later. Natalia becomes stronger, she protects her son and daughter. Both rivals have matured: they have more self-respect, they do not descend to abuse and abuse, giving Grigory a choice.

The death of Natalia and Aksinya

The novel "Quiet Flows the Don", whose characters formed such a love triangle typical for the works of this type, describes the death of many heroes. During the civil war, in fact, people died in innumerable numbers.

Very difficult was the fate of Grigory Melekhov, who lost his favorite women: Aksinya, whom he loved passionately, and Natalia. He also loved him in his own way, although he did not admit it.

As for Natalia, this female image in the novel "Quiet Flows the Don" helps our imagination imagine a beautiful, God-fearing, but nervous Cossack. The infidelity of her husband brought her to suicide, after which her scar remained forever on her neck.

Long before her death, Natalia thought to leave the Melekhovs for the parents' house to give her husband the opportunity to live with Aksinya, but Grigory's mother dissuaded her from it.

Later, Natalia killed the child Gregory, who was pregnant. This was the cause of the death of a woman. After the death of Natalia Aksinya takes care of her children, they even call her mother.

Grigory is hard at the death of his wife. At the sight of the telegram that informed him of this, he feels a pain in his heart. It became even more painful for him when he learned that Natalia had been pushed by such a terrible step with Aksinya, the woman's image in the novel "Quiet Flows the Don" which represents a selfless passionate love. However, her feeling is subordinate to reason, Aksinya has enough strength to fight for Gregory. His wife, Natalia, loved him only with her heart, she was too pure, her ideas about the relations of people were too exalted. Aksinya told his wife Grigori about his connection with him, after which Natalia decides to make a fatal step. It is not known whether Melekhov's beloved supposed that this would turn out for her rival.

Learning the truth, Grigory for a while feels dislike for Aksinya. He remembers Natalia, long strokes and caresses of children, imagining how she kissed and baptized them before they died. He becomes even more painful when he learns from Ilyinichna that Natalia forgave him for everything, loving to the last minute of her unhappy life.

The death of Aksinya also causes deep grief in Grigori's soul. My beloved dies right in Melekhov's arms. Blood flows from her mouth, bubbling in her throat. This strong Cossack understands that the worst thing happened in his life.

The loneliness of Grigory Melekhov

The death of Aksinya led to the fact that Grigory's life practically lost its meaning. He himself bury her, thinking that their parting will not be long.

Death took Grigory Melekhov from the people closest to him and dear to his heart. By the end of the work he remains only with his son Mishatka.

The death of women, dear to his heart, according to the author's intention, deepens the loneliness of the protagonist.

The female image in the novel Quiet Flows the Don, whether Natalia, Aksinya or other heroines of the novel, is something that gives strength. Having lost such support, the main character ceases to understand the meaning of his existence.

Other female images in the novel "Quiet Flows the Don"

The central female images in the novel are, of course, Aksinya and Natalia. However, in this article we can not ignore other female images.

Mother Grigory, Ilinichna, deserves special attention. This is an elderly Cossack woman who devoted her life to the well-being of children and families. Its author depicts with warmth. This is the real keeper of the hearth. In her youth Ilyinichna was also noted for her beauty with the article, but quickly grew old from hard work. A lot of grief she sipped from her husband, Pantelei Prokofievich, who was very cool, came to anger in anger until unconsciousness.

The whole life of this wise woman is filled with troubles and cares about the family, she tries to shield them from adversity and trouble. This is its characteristic. "Quiet Flows the Don" portrays Ilyinichna a good mistress, prudent and economical.

It relates negatively to Grigory's relations with Aksinya. However, during the war Ilinichna draws closer to her against the background of feelings about her son.

This elderly woman likes Natalya's daughter-in-law, worries about her, tries to shift part of her work to Daria. She feels pain from what Gregory is betraying her. Natalia's death shocked Ilyinichna.

No less interesting is the wife of the older brother Gregory, Daria. "Quiet Don" in her image represents to our attention a slutty, lazy, cunning heroine. She is beautiful, lives for sensual pleasures. Daria likes to attract the attention of men and knows how to do it. She likes gatherings and holidays. After the death of her husband, Daria tried to make up for lost years, twisted novels, which led her to illness and death.

With Dunyasha Melekhova, the reader has met at a time when she was a long-armed teenager with big eyes. She later becomes a slender Cossack with a shy character. The grown-up Dunyasha is represented in the novel as a smart self-sufficient girl who achieves her goal by marrying Mikhail Koshevoy. She fell in love with him despite the fact that her chosen one committed many bloody crimes.

We examined the main female images of the novel "Quiet Flows the Don". They help to comprehend the author a new milestone in the life of the Don Cossacks. The woman in the work of Sholokhov is central. With her, the author connects questions about the meaning of life, the concept of happiness and love.

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