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Basics and signs of primitive society

The first society in the history of mankind is considered to be primitive, or pre-state. It replaced the anthropoid apes. What was the difference between the new organization? What are the signs of a primitive society? Does it have the prerequisites of the state? We will try to answer.

Symptoms

Signs of a primitive society:

  • Tribal organization;
  • Collective labor;
  • Common property;
  • Primitive tools of labor;
  • Equalizing distribution.

The above signs of primitive society affect economic life, as culture has only just begun to form. The only thing that can be singled out is fetishism, the deification of nature. But the last point, roughly speaking, is conditional. Our ancestors, the ancient Slavs, also worshiped nature - the sun (Yarilo), lightning (Perun), Wind (Stribogu). However, this does not give grounds for talking about them as primitive. Therefore, the economic aspects (labor, tools, distribution, etc.) stand out as signs of a primitive society.

The concept of a polygamous family

The basis of the genus in primitive society was the polygamous family. It was assumed that members of the society were sexually involved in the continuation of the genus only within their community. That formed the tribe with the growth, and the tribe - the union of the tribes. That is, in fact, all were related to each other. Hence the concept of "gender" in the meaning of "his". "Strangers" in such families were not allowed. Union of tribes - prototype of the first nations with distinctive features.

If we analyze the above signs, then we will see that with such a system of economic model is impossible the emergence of social inequality. The guns were primitive, they all worked with one effort to preserve their kind, distribution of products occurred, as they worked collectively.

What will we not attribute as signs of primitive society? Presence of the device of compulsion. This is understandable. The existence of a coercive apparatus is associated with the appearance of property inequality, which appeared later, during the division of labor in the period of "military democracy". We'll talk about this a bit later.

Signs of the primitive society and the state

The signs of a nascent state from a primitive society include:

  • Monogamous family.
  • Division of labor.
  • The appearance of private property.

Public division of labor

Over time, work begins to get complicated. Many historians associate these changes with the deterioration of the climate. Life has become more severe. Therefore, from traditional hunting and gathering, we had to move aside to cultivate the land. The man himself now began to create food. This, in the opinion of scientists, is the beginning of social stratification.

However, a person could not do several operations at the same time. As a result, the following occurred:

  • The first major division of labor. Agriculture was separated from cattle breeding.

Over time, people begin to improve their agricultural tools. From primitive hoes, stones, society passes to new tools, which can no longer be done without special knowledge and skills. There is a category that is better than other agricultural tools. Gradually, this layer separated and led to the second major division of labor.

  • Branch of craft from agriculture.

Two divisions of labor led to the fact that manufacturers produced various goods that are necessary for each class. The farmer needed tools of labor, animals, a craftsman - in bread, etc. However, the exchange made employment difficult. If the peasant spends time on exchanging his products, he will incur more losses. Everyone needed an intermediary. Let us recall how our society fought against speculators. However, they helped develop society. There was a separate category that simplified life for everyone. There was a third division of labor.

The appearance of traders

All this led to social inequality, stratification. In one - a bad harvest, the other - found the goods at a more favorable price, etc.

Naturally, when stratification begins a clash of interests. The old tribal community could no longer control it. In its place appeared a neighbor, where people were strangers to each other. There was a need for a new organization. As such, political power acted. Proto-state relations began to take shape. This period was called "military democracy". It is with the creation of full-fledged elites that the real state begins, that is, civilization. This is more about this in more detail.

Signs of the primitive society and civilization

The period of "military democracy" is a time when all members of society are still equal. No one stands out for luxury or poverty. This is the time, where the future depends not only on personal qualities, but also on the descendants. With the property stratification, constant wars for wealth began. One tribe constantly attacked another. Society could not live in another way. Attacks led to the enrichment of the most fortunate warriors. Naturally, the one who was at home, remained with nothing. So began to form to know. In all nations, political elites were formed precisely from soldiers. Having earned money and fame in battle, people began to look for a way to consolidate this state of affairs. Transfer your privileged position to the heirs. This is how states with a hierarchical caste structure of a closed type were formed. This time is considered the beginning of civilization.

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