Federal military memorial cemetery in Mytishchi

The federal military memorial cemetery (address: village Shgonniki, Mytishchi district, Moscow region, 4th kilometer Ostashkovsky highway) is the world's first necropolis on a large scale.

Description

The Pantheon is an architectural complex that also serves as a museum. The federal military memorial cemetery occupies more than 53 hectares, of which 26 are intended for burial. The construction of the necropolis lasted more than 5 years. In a sense, it can be regarded as a grandiose scale structure.

The federal military memorial cemetery consists of a hall for funeral parades, located underground, a store of ritual supplies and a cafe. The object has a work mode, which limits the visit. Entrance is allowed to persons on the passport of a burial place or as a part of excursions.

Status

Necropolis has the status of a federal institution of state level. It is called: "Federal military memorial cemetery" (FGU FMLK). Burial is in the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.

Creature

The idea of creating such a structure was unveiled at the official level in the early 2000s. The beginning of the erection was based on the decree of President Vladimir V. Putin. However, direct construction began in the spring of 2008. The opening of the necropolis was postponed many times due to financial problems.

Originally, the Federal Military Memorial Cemetery in Mytishchi was to be opened in May 2010. The ceremony was to be timed to coincide with the 65th anniversary of the victory of the people of the Soviet Union in the Great Patriotic War. Then the opening was scheduled for December 2011 to the 70th anniversary of the Battle of Moscow.

The first burial

Many are interested: in such a necropolis as the Federal War Memorial Cemetery, who is buried first? Such burial was carried out on June 21, 2013. With the proper military honors, the remains of an unnamed warrior who was killed at the beginning of the Great Patriotic War near Smolensk were buried.

The remains of the front-line soldier were found by the search engines of the Elnin Detachment "Blagovest" and the Moscow group "The Outpost of St. Elias of Murom". The unnamed hero was betrayed to the earth with all proper military honors. At the opening of the memorial, Sergei Shoigu noted that the peculiarity of the national character of the people of Russia is sacrifice for the sake of the homeland and high ideas.

Official opening

The official opening date of the necropolis is June 22, 2013. At the solemn event, Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu lit the Eternal Flame near the monument "Sorrow". On August 30, the same year, Patriarch Kirill of Moscow and All Russia consecrated a stone in the complex near the foundation of St. Sergius of Radonezh, which began functioning in 2014.

For a long time in Russia, the tablets of Russian history immortalized the memory of the heroes-defenders of the fatherland. Remember at least a cemetery in Piskarevo, a memorial in Volgograd and Kursk. The federal military memorial cemetery is a unique complex in which the memory of people who have left a notable mark in history will be immortalized.

Device of the complex

Unusual among all the monumental buildings in Russia, the complex includes four zones: the entrance, the production part, the place for rituals and the burial area (this includes the columbarium). During the erection, granite and marble were used.

On the huge square, right near the entrance to the necropolis there are two statues, whose height is 32 m. They are faced with granite of red and black color. They are lined with mosaics, the main theme of which was sorrow and farewell. Paved with granite road leads to the obelisks of glory, located in the center. This is a composition consisting of four granite structures of a cubic form with reliefs that thematically reflect the Russian Armed Forces and the rear part of the country.

The bridge, located above the beam, symbolically links life and death. It continues with the Alley of Heroes. On it are objects of architecture, supplemented by twenty-four figures of Russian soldiers of six epochs. On the opposite shore of the bridge there is a zone of rituals, two mourning buildings, which are decorated in a single Shchusev style. The functional part includes four pavilions, an underground hall for a wake, a shop for rituals, a cafeteria.

A distinctive feature of the mourning houses was a rich interior decoration in the style of a mosaic panel. The first house is decorated in great spirit. It is decorated with the symbolism of Russia in the form of the towers of the Kremlin and the two-headed eagle. The design of the second house is made in a military spirit. On the walls of the hall are portraits on various topics from the history of major battles, in which Russian soldiers participated.

This part of the pantheon ends with Columbus, in the central part of which, against the background of the banners of granite, stands a bronze pedestal called "Sorrow". He is a monument to his mother, who bent over the son who died in the war. Near the monument is a tank with water of round shape. Water flows into it over the slabs. In the center of the columbarium burns the Eternal Flame.

The alley of the necropolis extends for 2 km. The memorial is designed for 30,000 graves, and 10,000 seats are planned in the columbarium. On both sides of the Alley of Heroes are 15 special sites for the burial of the commanders-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Plots for regular burials have an area equal to 5 square meters. One site is intended for the burial of one person and subsequently the spouse.

Rules of burial of military and civilians

During the burial of the military, military honors are prescribed, regulated by the garrison regulations and guard service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

When burial of civilians, the burial is carried out according to the protocol adopted by the state, which also implies the presence of an honor guard, an orchestra and a solemn march.

Burial Criteria

In addition to servicemen and a number of persons who have large state awards, in the necropolis, in case of consent in the life of a person or at the will of close relatives, the presidents of the Russian Federation, ministers and other citizens may be buried.

Who is buried at the moment?

What can I see at the Federal Military Memorial Cemetery in Mytishchi? Who is buried in this place? The founder of the legendary machine, General Mikhail Kalashnikov, the Russian Defense Minister Igor Rodionov, the Soviet cosmonaut Alexei Gubarev, the scientist who contributed to the field of nuclear development, Arkady Brish, and the battle artist Sergei Prisekin were buried there.

In late 2015, a monument was erected over the grave of Kalashnikov. In December 2013, the first funeral of the general's body was held in the mourning hall. It was made by Metropolitan Krutitsky and Kolomna Yuvenaly Poyarkov.

Controversial offer

More than once there was a proposal that it would be advisable to transfer the remains of those who are resting near the walls of the Kremlin to the Federal Military Memorial Cemetery.

This question is controversial. Surely this idea has both supporters and opponents. However, there is a clear reason. Red Square has become a place for entertainment and folk festivities. When a place of fun adjoins with burials, then from the side, according to many people, it looks unethical.

Rules for the design of tombstones

Uniform rules concerning the registration of tombstones-a bust or bas-relief-are introduced. Material for the construction of the pedestal and its base is a natural stone: black, red or gray granite. In special cases, bronze is used. Installation is carried out one year after the burial. Uniform rules exist also at registration of a memorial plate. Its foundation is bronze or black granite.

What else is there in the cemetery?

The complex includes 42 objects of operation of an autonomous value. There are three gas pipelines with different pressure indicators. There is own water intake system.

Visiting rules

The Pantheon operates in a strict regime. His visit to strangers is forbidden. As already mentioned, the entrance is carried out strictly according to the document of burials or as part of the excursion group.

Significance of a new object

The federal military memorial cemetery is one of the most important burials of the Moscow region. In fact, it became the second most important after the Novodevichy and burial near the walls of the Kremlin. As there are no more places near the wall and the Novodevichye cemetery, the pantheon of state significance is designed for representatives of the elite in the sphere of politics, science, military affairs and culture.

Conclusion

The federal military memorial cemetery, the description of which is presented in this article, is a modern large-scale necropolis.

It is designed for the burial of military and civilians who have certain merits before the Fatherland. The burial is unique, as it became a symbiosis of the cemetery and the museum.