Epilepsy. Causes of the disease

Epilepsy is a disease in which a disorder of consciousness occurs . It is always accompanied by violations of the movement in the form of convulsions.

Epilepsy, the signs of which can be expressed in different degrees, is manifested by complete dimness of consciousness or its narrowing, some stunning. Seizures can also be generalized or automated, when some muscle groups move uncontrollably.

There is both acquired and congenital epilepsy. The causes of this pathology can be very different. It is known that in this disease the brain has an increased ability to cause convulsions. Acquired epilepsy can begin after a previous infection, trauma and other negative factors.

It is not uncommon for epilepsy, the cause of which is heredity, when the disease was established more than once in previous generations of relatives.

To the terrible and irreversible consequences for the baby, who has not yet been born, leads the drunkenness of the father and mother. After all, alcohol epilepsy is often found , the reasons of which lie in the intoxication of parents at the time of conception.

Manifestations of the disease are very diverse. Diagnosis of epilepsy is established on the basis of patient complaints and observation. The most typical manifestation is loss of consciousness to the patient, accompanied by a fall and at first stretching, tension of the body, and then multiple convulsions. In half of the patients, before the contraction of the muscles, there is a mental disorder lasting a few seconds called the aura. Aura manifests itself in different ways: like fever, chest pressure, chills, breeze, dizziness, goosebumps, tachycardia, hallucinations (auditory, olfactory and visual), automatic actions performed by a person (scratching, walking on the spot, picking up things, Lying next to each other).

Tonic cramp (stretching of the body, tension) lasts for half a minute. It reduces limbs, while the head and torso flex, the jaws contract strongly, the tongue bites, the breath stops, and the face becomes blue-black (that's why the disease was nicknamed "black helplessness" among the people). At the same time, a loss of consciousness occurs, and the person falls. Following this spasm, clonic attacks immediately occur, lasting up to two minutes. During them, the body rhythmically jerks, the patient can beat elbows and head against the floor, a foam leaking from his mouth, often with blood due to a bitten tongue. Urine and feces can be released unintentionally. To restore consciousness after cramps takes some time.

Sometimes the patient enters a state of trance, in which he performs the usual actions, but does not control them at all and then can not remember what he did and where he was. A kind of trance - somnambulism (however, not always, walking in a dream is also of non-epileptic origin).

In especially severe cases, consciousness is clouded by the influx of hallucinations, the person is in delirium, the so-called "epileptic twilight" comes. In this case the patient continues to move and is capable of aggressive actions. Or, there may come a state of dysphoria - a mood disorder in which a person is either depressed, picky, or restless, or, conversely, too lively and cheerful. Both cases replace fit, help to relieve accumulated stress.

The arsenal of modern medicine has enough funds to stop seizures completely or at least make them more rare.

It is more difficult to treat the epilepsy, the causes of which lie in the distant past. In addition, the less reason is required to provoke the disease, the more difficult it is to be treated. And, accordingly, the later the disease began, the less it manifests itself, the easier it is and the less likely it will be in the next generation.