Cross-allergy. Allergy to medicines. Types of allergies

Cross-allergy is a kind, or rather, a property of ordinary allergy. As is known, many stimuli have their twins. For example, if one allergen causes a person to have any negative reactions, it is likely that they will provoke and its existing double, or even a group consisting of them.

The essence of the relationship

Cross-allergy arises from the similarity of the structure of allergens in a set of amino acids. To understand how this deviation manifests itself in real life, let us consider an example.

A person has an allergy to dust. But one day he observes similar negative reactions in his body after using shrimp. Thus, it exhibits a cross-sectional food allergy similar to that caused by ordinary house dust. So why is this phenomenon possible? The fact is that the organism of this person simply confused the cells of dust and shrimp because of their incredible similarity. The complexity of these situations is that it is far from always possible to find out what is the allergen-double of the pathogen already familiar to you. However, the most common such relationships have already been calculated. Thanks to them, a special table of cross-allergy was drawn up. Let's consider some of its parts in more detail.

Allergy to pollen

As a rule, such a cross allergy manifests itself in the spring-summer season, when there is an active flowering of various plants and herbs. So, let's look at the allergens of common pollen.

• Cross allergy to birch (leaves, buds), as well as alder pollen, hazel, apple and alder cones.
• Intolerance to pollen of all cereals and food grains (oats, barley, wheat, etc.).
• Cross-allergy to wormwood, sunflower, dahlias, chamomile, dandelion, calendula, elecampane, string, mother-and-stepmother.

Allergy to food - food pollen twins

Cross-allergy to birch and other plants can occur periodically if a person manifests negative reactions after contact with normal pollen. But this deviation extends not only to grasses and trees. After all, this person often has an allergy to fungal spores, as well as certain types of food. The biggest mistake of the patients is that very often because of their ignorance they do not connect these seemingly far from each other allergens.

• The allergy to pollen of birch, hazel and alder crosses with allergies to hazelnuts, apricots, almonds, cherries, peaches, potatoes, fruits of kiwi and celery.
• Pollen pollen - potatoes, red pepper, celery, chamomile, fennel, dill, cumin, coriander, as well as all drinks that include this plant (vermouth and balsam).
• Pollen of sunflower - halva, sunflower oil, mustard and mayonnaise.
• Pollen ragweed is a banana, a melon.
• Pollen herbs - tomatoes, groundnut and melon.
• Flavored herbs - celery, various spices.
• Latex - potatoes, banana, papaya, pineapple, avocado, chestnut, tomatoes, figs, spinach.
• Pollen of weedy meadow grasses - floral honey.

Food allergens and their counterparts

What types of allergies are known to you? Food, vegetable, medicinal, etc. But such a division is only conditional. After all, a person often has only one of the above deviations, and the rest are all varieties of cross reactions.

Thus, if a patient exhibits an allergy to a food product, then often he can not use those ingredients in which there is even a small fraction of similar stimuli.

• If a person is allergic to cow's milk, then most probably the same negative reactions will appear in him as a result of consumption of products containing his proteins, as well as goat's milk, beef, veal and meat products from them, enzyme preparations made On the basis of the pancreas of cattle, and also after contact with the cow's wool.
• Kefir or kefir yeast - yeast dough, mold fungi, antibiotics of the penicillin series, mold varieties of cheeses, kvass and usual mushrooms.
• Sea and river fish - seafood (shrimps, crabs, mussels, caviar, lobsters, lobsters, etc.), as well as fish food.
• Chicken eggs - duck meat, chicken broth and chicken, quail eggs, sauces, creams, mayonnaise, pillow feather, etc.

• Carrots - vitamin A, celery, parsley and beta-carotene.
• Strawberry - cranberries, raspberries, currants and blackberries.
• Apples are pear, peach, quince and plum.
• Potatoes - tomatoes, eggplant, green and red peppers, tobacco and paprika.
• Nuts - rice flour, kiwi, sesame, mango, poppy, buckwheat and oatmeal.
• Peanuts - soy, green peas, bananas, tomatoes, stone fruits and berries.
• Bananas are melon, gluten of wheat, latex, kiwi and avocado.
• Mandarins - grapefruit, orange and lemon.
• Red beet - white beet, sugar and spinach.
• Beans - mango, peanuts, beans, soybeans, lentils and peas.
• Plum - apples, almonds, nectarines, apricots, cherries, cherries, prunes, peaches, etc.
• Kiwi - nuts, bananas, avocados, sesame, flour (buckwheat, rice, oats), cereals, etc.

Allergy to medicines

If the patient is allergic to any drug, then most likely, he will have negative effects after using other medications, which also contain a known irritant.

It should be specially noted that allergy to medicines is the most common among all others. And this is due to the fact that in the production of medicines very often use synthetic components that are not perceived by the human body.

• The drug "Penicillin" - all its derivatives.
• The drug "Levomycetin" - all its derivatives, including the "Synthomycin", as well as their antiseptic solutions.
• Sulfonamides (for example, medication "Biseptol") - preparations "Novocaine", "Anestezin", "Trimekain", "Dikain", etc.
• The drug "Streptomycin" - all its derivatives and aminoglycosides.
• The medicine "Tetracycline" - means "Metacycline", "Rondomycin", "Morphocycline", "Olemorfotsiklin", "Glycocycline", etc.

Symptoms of cross-allergy

As a rule, the cross-allergy in adults and children does not go unnoticed. Its manifestations are very similar to those of a common allergy. Such symptoms include rhinitis, lacrimation, itching and burning on the skin, mucosal edema, bronchial asthma, hives, dermatitis, etc.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of cross-allergy is possible with the help of molecular research. So, using special equipment, doctors reveal the person's reaction not to any product or plant, but to the specific protein that is included in their composition. In this way, the available twins are determined.

How to treat a cross allergy?

Therapy of cross-allergy is practically no different from conventional treatment. The difference between them is only that before the beginning of all necessary measures, the main allergen should be identified, which gives a boost to all the rest.

During treatment of this type of disease, antihistamine medications are the main ones. The following medicines are among those that give the best effect: Claritin, Zertek, Cetrin, Erius, etc. The main advantage of these drugs is that they never have a negative effect on the central nervous system, and also practically Have no side effects. Although in some cases, the patient may experience drowsiness, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention, etc.

As practice shows, it takes about one week to eliminate allergic reactions. In more difficult cases, doctors recommend taking these drugs for several months.

Prevention of cross-allergy

What preventive measures to conduct in order to prevent the appearance of cross-allergy depends only on the primary pathogen. For example, if a person has a regular allergic reaction to pollen, then when the various plants and herbs bloom, it is recommended to avoid those places where they grow.

It should also be noted that wearing gauze bandages and sunglasses will protect the human mucous membranes from possible irritation. In addition, wet cleaning in the house and careful personal hygiene will help to minimize the amount of possible contact with allergens.

The use of antihistamines is also a reliable way of preventing allergies, including cross-over.

If the patient has a food allergy, then his usual menu should be well thought out. Thus, a person should exclude from his diet all possible food-irritants.

In addition, in order to avoid manifestations of allergic reactions, the patient is recommended to purchase only those cosmetics, on the packages of which there is a note "hypoallergenic".