Compulsory Insurance in the Russian Federation

Obligatory insurance in the Russian Federation is determined by federal laws on specific types of compulsory insurance.

Separate federal laws on certain types of compulsory insurance contain provisions that determine the subjects of insurance; Objects of insurance; Possible insured events; The minimum amount of the amount payable or the procedure for determining it; The procedure and term for payment of the insurance premium; Size, order, structure of the tariff determination for insurance; Term of validity of a certain insurance contract; Control over the conduct of insurance; The procedure for determining the amount of insurance payments; Consequences of non-fulfillment or poor-quality performance of obligations by responsible insurance subjects and other provisions.

Compulsory insurance is divided into such types as insurance at the expense of policyholders (this includes insurance of agricultural animals, buildings, personal insurance of passengers of rail, air, inland water, sea and road transport); As well as compulsory property and personal state insurance.

Personally compulsory insurance of objects determines the property interests that are associated with death, survival to a certain age, the onset of other events in life related to the protection of life (life insurance, compulsory insurance against accidents); With the infliction of any harm to the life (health) of citizens or the process of providing them with medical services (insurance against illness and accidents, medical insurance).

Property mandatory insurance allocates objects of property interests, which are related to the possession, disposal and use of property (property insurance); Implementation of entrepreneurial activity (insurance of business risks); Obligation to compensate for the harm caused to other persons (liability insurance).

In Russia, the protection of interests that are illegal or prohibited by law is not allowed. In the event that the law does not stipulate the contrary, it is allowed to protect objects that belong to different types of property insurance or personal insurance. In this case, the insurance is called combined.

In Russia, insurance for the interests of legal entities can only be carried out by insurers who have a license for this.

There is also state compulsory insurance . It is in the form of insurance at the expense of budgetary funds. Personal state compulsory insurance is established in the Russian Federation for police officers, tax authorities, judges, prosecutors, citizens called up for army military training, employees of internal military units (compulsory insurance of military personnel).

State property insurance is provided for possible cases of damage or property damage associated with the conduct of official activity. An example, when such insurance proved to be necessary, could be any catastrophe associated with particularly large scale disasters due to industrial accidents (Chernobyl NPP).

Insurance indemnities for state insurance are carried out at the expense of the state budget. The state as the subject of all financial legal relations in the country acts as the insurer of property and interests of a personal nature of certain categories of citizens.

The difference in the legal relationship between compulsory insurance and state insurance is that in the latter case the state (or the body authorized by it) will always act as one of the parties to the insurance, and payments for the victims will be free of charge (that is, from the budget).