Certification of ventilation: rules, periodicity. Maintenance of ventilation systems

For a comfortable stay indoors, a person needs fresh air and an optimal temperature. These parameters can be provided with the help of ventilation and air conditioning systems. If the air conditioning system can work only in the warm season, then ventilation should ensure air exchange year-round, so there is always an increased demand for such systems.

Principle of operation

Even at the stage of erection of any structure, both residential and commercial, it is necessary to ensure the circulation of air inside the building. Such a system operates on the basis of the ratio of air pressure and temperature, called natural. Artificial ventilation, or forced, requires the installation of additional equipment and connection to power supplies. The operation of the ventilation system is based on the principle of forced supply of fresh air into the interior and removal of the processed outside. Forced ventilation works in full automatic mode and does not require constant human intervention in the process.

Categories of requirements for systems

A quality ventilation system should not only provide fresh air, but also fully meet the requirements that are regulated by the JV for ventilation and air conditioning.

There are 4 categories that allow to determine the compliance of ventilation with the standards and requirements of the future owner:

1. Sanitary and hygienic. In this case, ventilation should provide the proper level of humidity and optimum air temperature. With the certification of ventilation, the air speed and the heat intensity are checked. Calculate the amount of air per person, the noise level of the system, the content of harmful substances in the air is monitored when the system is switched on. In some enterprises, the health of the people who will use it depends on the quality of the installation and the system itself.
2. Operational. This criterion makes it possible to estimate the economy of the entire system. For example, there may be several modes of operation of ventilation, the ability to turn on and off individual functions, which will save on energy consumption.
3. Construction and installation, more precise overall dimensions and design. Ventilation should not be cumbersome and have a small weight, and also allow in the future to carry out its reconstruction, with minimal financial costs.
4. Architectural. Since all the criteria are inextricably linked, the observance of some already facilitates the process of observing the others. Architectural criteria are optimal sound insulation, vibration isolation and other indicators.

Why do you need a passport?

Passportization of ventilation is the final stage of the whole complex of works on installation, commissioning and adjustment of the entire system. For industrial facilities, the document gives the right to commission the system, confirming that all stages of the complete cycle, from design to commissioning, have been carried out.

In addition to confirming the effectiveness of the ventilation system, the passport allows fulfilling all requirements that are fixed at the state level, architectural and construction inspection, and sanitary service. If there are any disputable issues for the owner of the ventilation system, the passport for it will be a positive argument for resolving the conflict in favor of the owner.

Set of rules

The main document, which regulates all the work from design to the moment of the start of operation, is a joint venture "Ventilation and conditioning".

The requirements of the document are mandatory when installing systems in any category of premises, the observance of which allows not only to fully exploit the systems, but also to extend their period of use. Failure to comply with the requirements of the code allows the customer to impose penalties on the contractor organization that carried out the installation of systems.

In paragraph 2 of the JV, all references to related documents that regulate the installation of ventilation can be found and must be taken into account. In the third paragraph, terminology is given. Requirements for fire safety are described in clauses 5 and 6. Clause 7 covers the requirements for systems that are designed to prevent smoke from fogging the room. And in the last 8 point, the basic rules of operation are covered. When carrying out the certification of ventilation, it is necessary to check the compliance of the erected system with the norms of the joint venture.

Types of tests

Before putting it into operation, ventilation testing is mandatory. Such actions are also subject to periodic implementation and are provided for the maintenance phase of ventilation systems. Activities are aimed at determining the correctness of the system and to understand that it really gives the necessary effect. There are two main types of tests:

• Technical.
• On efficiency.

Tests involve the determination of the number of revolutions, the air flow rate, its actual distribution, and the performance of the heaters. Checking the integrity of the channels, the health of all elements involved in energy consumption. The data that was laid during the design should fully correspond to the actual data.

Rules of drawing up a passport

The certification of ventilation is designed to check the system so that it is always in standby mode.

At the beginning of the procedure for issuing a passport, aerodynamic measurements are taken. The received data are entered in the passport. Immediately, the compliance of the indicators contained in the project with actual data is determined.

The passport must contain the following information:

• The actual location of the object where the system is installed;
• For what purposes the equipment was installed;
• Type of system;
• In which rooms the equipment was installed;
• Technical characteristics of ventilation elements and electrical equipment;
• The length of all ducts.

None of the building and other norms determine the general form of the passport. However, such a document is recommended to be stitched, if it consists of several sheets, and sealed with a seal and a signature of the head of the enterprise that carried out the installation work.

Ideally, the passport should contain design airflow data for each room, and in the last column contain the actual data. On the next page, it is best to place the axonometric diagram to show the length of the channels, the dimensions and availability of all necessary equipment. A copy of the license authorizing the contractor to carry out this type of work must be attached to the passport.

The customer has the right to demand the inclusion in the passport and other data, for example, the noise level, high-speed air flow.

It should be remembered that all equipment that is installed must have certificates of conformity.

In fact, certification is reminiscent of the procedure for commissioning.

Dates

The requirements for ventilation systems in most cases require the creation of a passport once, especially if the equipment does not change during operation.

However, in case of reorientation of production facilities, expansion or reduction of areas, the periodicity for certification is provided. It will also be necessary to carry out certification if an improvement of the existing system is envisaged. As a rule, the frequency of certification of ventilation systems is 5 years.

Do not think that passportization is a formality, to which the controlling bodies are tied. And to check the system with paper is also not worth it. To date, there are many special devices that allow you to assess the quality of the equipment. During the inspection, not only faults can be identified, but also the need for modernization, and improvement of the entire system to improve the quality characteristics, extend the service life and save energy.

The procedure of certification usually does not exceed 10 days.

Service cost

It can not be said that the cost of certification of ventilation systems belongs to the category of inexpensive pleasures. The price policy is based on the amount of equipment, the length of the duct route, free access to equipment, capacity, capacity. In any case, the services will not be cheaper than 3 thousand rubles.

Service maintenance

As with other equipment, maintenance of ventilation systems should be carried out on a regular basis. Such measures allow not only to extend the service life, but also to ensure the personal safety and health of the persons who use it.

The periodicity of service maintenance in no way depends on the type of system, to a large extent everything depends on the conditions of its operation. If you refuse to service, then it is unlikely that equipment, even the most famous and reliable brand, will serve a longer warranty period.

Service can be carried out, for example, at intervals - once a quarter or a month. In this case, the operating conditions must fully comply with the requirements of technical documentation. It is very important to adhere to the temperature regime.

Without service, the service life of the equipment is reduced, noise appears, and the equipment works with minimal efficiency, and it is unpleasant odors, high humidity and other problems.