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Caliber 223 Rem: Features and Feedback

Caliber 5.56 is a whole family of ammunition, both military and civilian. The very first representative of the legendary caliber appeared in 1950. It was 222 Remington, which differed from all subsequent modifications by a shorter sleeve 43.18 mm. The experience of armed conflicts in those years, especially the US war with North Korea, showed that the US Army needed a new ammunition, the caliber of which would have been less than the then-caliber 7.62 (30-06), with less efficiency, for a more hefty Firing bursts of automatic weapons. This cartridge became the basis for the development of various modifications of 5.56 caliber ammunition and weapons for it, both military and civilian. Weak recoil, excellent trajectory flatness and great destructive ability made the 5.56 caliber very popular type of ammunition for hunting, sporting shooting and police needs, not to mention the army. Cartridges of this type are produced all over the world, including in Russia. One of the most common types of ammunition 5.56 for hunting is the caliber 223 Rem, which differs from the caliber 222 slightly longer sleeve - 45 mm. When choosing a rifled hunting weapon , two calibers are usually compared - 30th and 5.56, as well as their modifications. The use of cartridges of 5.56 caliber for hunting has its own specifics, advantages and a number of limitations.

Background

During the fighting in North Korea, the Pentagon leadership came to the conclusion that the army needed a new ammunition for small arms. The 30-06 cartridge, which was in service, was not suitable for the creation of new automatic weapon systems because it had too much power. When firing bursts from a light quick-firing rifle, this cartridge produced too strong a return, and the accuracy of the fire with the automatic burst turned out to be too low. The US Army needed a new light assault rifle for a cartridge of a smaller caliber and with less muzzle energy. The company Remington Arms has developed such a munition, which was called 222 Remington. The length of the sleeve is 43.18 mm, the weight of the bullet is up to 4 g., The initial speed is up to 1100 m / s, the muzzle energy is up to 1590 joules. The cartridge was not adopted in the army because of insufficient penetration ability, but it became the first representative of a whole class of hunting ammunition 5.56-caliber, which is still popular because of the inexpensive price, low returns, low shot noise and relatively sparing Impact on the barrel of weapons. Further modifications of the 5.56 caliber were also created for the needs of the army, caliber 223 became the standard cartridge for the armies of NATO countries, but almost all of these modifications found the widest application in the civilian sphere, including hunting.

Caliber 5.56 for the army

For military purposes, all types of caliber 5.56 were used at different times. In the 1950s, ammunition for military purposes with different markings appeared in the United States - 22, 221, 224, 223, and others. But it was still the same caliber 5.56. The US military was trying to find a universal version of the small arms cartridge that all NATO allies could use. The question was one - which gauge 223 is better for this purpose. All available versions were a version of the 222 Remington cartridge, but the sleeve was usually a little longer, and the mass of the bullet, the amount of powder and the thickness of the sleeve varied. From the final choice of the desired option depended on the further development of new lightweight automatic rifles for the army.

The cartridge for the Stoner rifle 5.56 caliber

Various contests for the adoption of a universal cartridge for the US and NATO armies were closely linked to the development of a promising rifle based on the AR-10 Stoner rifle for the 7.62 NATO cartridge. The reduced caliber of this rifle received the designation M 16. For this rifle, a longer version of the 222 Remington cartridge was developed. The new ammunition became known as caliber 223 Rem. It was adopted in the US in 1964.

1. The caliber is 5.56 mm.
2. Bullet - 3.56 g.
3. The initial speed is 990 m / s.
4. Energy - 1745 J.
5. Twist of 305 mm.

The differences in military options are 5.56 caliber

In 1970, a version of the 5.56 caliber appeared, which gradually became the single standard for the armies of NATO countries. This is the NATO patrol 5.56H45, which has 2 differences from the 223 Rem caliber:

1. Bullet - 4 g.
2. Twist - 178 mm.

These differences have changed bullet ballistics:

1. The initial speed is 860 m / s.
2. Muzzle energy - 1767 Joules.

Interchangeability of 5.56 caliber ammunition

Both cartridges are interchangeable, and they can be used when firing from combat weapons with an inappropriate twist, but the results of the shooting in this case will be markedly different. Caliber 223 Remington is less stable in flight, and the standard 5.56 NATO has a higher punching ability. The wounds inflicted by the caliber 223 Rem are very damaging, since a lighter bullet flies at a higher speed, while it is less stabilized due to a longer twist. Once in the body of the victim, this bullet begins to rotate randomly and move along a broken trajectory. But for combat operations, another ammunition was needed to break through helmets and bulletproof vests. The modern standard of NATO 5.56X45 was developed in Belgium for the next modification of the M16 rifle, which received the designation M 16A2. The trunk was heavier, and the twist was shorter. A heavier bullet acquired a better stabilization, which increased its punching ability.

Civilian career of military ammunition of 5.56 caliber

Both versions of the adopted 5.56 caliber ammunition have found wide application in the civil sphere. Caliber 223 "Rem" is considered a civilian version of the standard NATO cartridge, but in fact, both of these munitions are designed for war and are designed to fire weapons with different lengths of stride. Choosing a hunting weapon of 223 caliber, you should pay attention to its twist, on which it will depend which of the two army versions of the 5.56 caliber will be more appropriate to use for shooting these weapons on the hunt.

How to choose the best weapon option for Caliber 223 Remington

Civilian weapons, which uses a caliber of 5.56, is designated 223 Rem. This marking is usually applied to the magazine socket. From such a weapon, you can shoot any modification of cartridges of caliber 5.56H45. But the optimal results in shooting, as well as the safe operation of civilian weapons, require compliance with the technical characteristics of the weapon and the type of ammunition. If different types of military cartridges for certain weapons, armor-piercing, tracer, etc. are unified by mass and size of a bullet, then the ammunition for civilian weapons may differ significantly in the mass of bullets used. But the heavier the bullet, the shorter it should be for a twist. When choosing a weapon for hunting under the 5.56 caliber there is a problem of selecting a barrel with an optimal twist, which would ensure the effective use of the widest range of bullets of different masses.

Two options with an optimal twist

Trying to satisfy the various requests of buyers, the weapons manufacturers offer one model with several twist options, for example, the Remington 700 223 caliber. The reviews of the owners of this weapon indicate that the Tactical model is more suitable for heavy bullets 75-77 grands, due to a shorter twist of 229 mm. (9 inches), and the Varmint model is more suitable for light bullets 50-60 grains, because the twist is longer - 12 inches. The heaviest bullets of 80-90 grains require an even shorter twist of 6.5-7 inches. For the 223 Rem cartridges, the length of the barrel plays an important role in the selection of weapons. The shorter the trunk, the shorter the twist. Ballistic capabilities of 223 caliber fall sharply with a barrel length of less than 40 cm.

Imprint of the military past - 223 Rem

In the US and Europe, this cartridge is used primarily for sports competitions, as well as for shooting small rodents for entertainment purposes. Europeans negatively regard the use of this cartridge for hunting a larger beast because of the expansive impact of its bullet. In our country these cartridges are widely used for hunting, including fox, wolf and wild boar. The caliber 223 Rem has one significant feature. These cartridges were developed for the war to disarm the enemy. On the battlefield, the use of small arms is directed not at killing, but at abandoning "wretches" that are not capable of resisting. On the hunt, there is another purpose - to cause the animal quick death without mutilating his body. Many hunters talk about the terrible damage that 223 caliber does. The testimonies indicate that when a crow enters a crow from a distance of 100 m, a bird literally explodes and nothing remains of it except the feathers. Bullets 223 calibers are not stabilized, when they hit the body of the animal they begin to tumble randomly, turning the animal's body into solid minced meat.

Benefits of 223 Rem

This cartridge has a number of significant advantages. He is very accurate. At a distance of up to 200 m along the trajectory, the bullet drop is only 12-14 cm, and the bullet energy is 650 J, which is 50% higher than the muzzle energy of the Makarov pistol. Experts say about the excellent comparative ballistics, which has 223 caliber. The testimonies indicate that it is almost the same in comparison with the caliber of 30-06 and 308. But the recoil at the 223 caliber is five times weaker, which increases the probability of the second and subsequent shots falling. Cartridges 223 Rem cheaper than the caliber 308 Win almost twice. They are produced by several domestic enterprises, including Tula and Barnaul. Import options in our market mainly Czech production.

Weapons for caliber 223 Remington


The 223 caliber carbine is one of the fastest growing types of hunting weapons. The domestic manufacturer offers a number of models, mainly semiautomatic devices and magazine rifles with a sliding shutter. Of the domestic developments, it is worth mentioning, first of all, the Saigu. This is a universal self-loading carbine of 223 caliber, which can be called "omnivorous". Thanks to a carefully selected ratio of a barrel length of 52 cm and a cut length of 240 cm, this weapon is suitable for use of 223 caliber cartridges with a bullet weight of 3.5 to 4.5 grams. The optimal bullet weight option for him is 4 g. At a 100-meter distance, bullets are 4 grams. Easily fit into a five-centimeter circle. Self-loading carbine "Vepr" is a whole line of models developed on the basis of the trunk and mechanisms of the PKK. Variability of the "Vepr" models is expanded due to variants with different barrel length. Among the imported weapons should be allocated "Remington" 700 223 caliber. The testimonies attest to the unsurpassed accuracy of this weapon. For optimal results, you should choose ammunition for the twist of your "Remington", as the manufacturer produces several variations of this weapon with twists of 9 and 12 inches. Czech hunting carbines of 223-caliber traditionally occupy a place of honor among the models of such weapons. Model CZ-527 in various versions is an excellent version of the sport magazine rifle with a sliding shutter. The high accuracy of the shot provides the first places in any shooting competitions. But for the hunting of small birds and animals this Czech weapon will be an excellent option. A small mass and high reliability with amazing accuracy of the shot will make hunting easy and exciting walk. High accuracy is due to the technology of barrel manufacturing - rotational forging. The popularity of the 5.56 caliber for hunting every year in our country is increasing, thanks to the high accuracy, affordability and low cost of these munitions.

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