"Bryansk Forest" is a biosphere reserve under the auspices of UNESCO

A very large part of the territory of Russia is covered with forests, thanks to which we breathe clean air and can observe many rare animals and birds. One of these is the Bryansk Forest Reserve, located in the Suzemsky and Trubchevsky districts of the Bryansk Region, the Nerusso-Desnyanskoye Polesie and the Left Bank of the Desna River, which is a tributary of the Dnieper. The area of the forest is 12 186 hectares. In 2001, he received a biosphere status. There is a well-known monument to the many tombs of partisans killed here during the last world war.

Brief overview of the nature of the Bryansk Forest Reserve

Due to the fact that this reserve is located in different geographical areas: forest-steppe, broad-leaved and taiga forests - there is a large
A variety of fauna and flora. The latter is rich in rare species. In these places there are many moss bogs, on which glacial vegetation grows: shaykhtseriya marsh, marsh myrtle, willow Lapland. Of great interest are the northern orchids of this forest. They have a very complex biological development and almost the very first react to a change in environmental conditions in a bad way. Therefore, all orchids are under protection. "Bryansk Forest", a nature reserve, presents us 19 species of orchids. Some of them are listed in the Red Book, such as: a red headband, a real slipper, a Baltic finger palm, a leafless lipstick. Here there are 769 species of flora of vascular plants. Of these, five species are also included in the protection book: Traunsteiner's finger root, lepidoptera, a real slipper, a redhead, a Vennerian palmary root of the Baltic.

Animals living in the reserve

They are also quite a lot in these parts. Fauna of animals, vertebrates, includes 245 species: 153 birds, 50 mammals, 11 amphibians, 6 reptiles, one species of cyclostomes and 24 fish. Many rare species of animals found in the reserve
Saving shelter. Here the badger lives happily, the badger lives, the beavers have mastered the backwaters and numerous streams, the otters live in the river Nerussa. Six species of birds are included in the Protection Book, including: gray shrike, snake, black stork, and others. Nowhere, except in the "Bryansk Forest" reserve, you can not find all ten species of rare European woodpeckers: green, gray, yellow, small variegated woodpecker, medium motley, large variegated, white-backed, Syrian, twig and three-toed. Nowhere else in Europe will you find them all together. It is quite common to meet some species of northern birds, such as: capercaillie, mohnopodia owl, yellow. With them, the remez and the great white heron, the southern inhabitants, are quite comfortable. The Russian security book includes 12 species of animals: large and small earthenware, black stork, Ukrainian lamprey, mnemosin, butterflies, aphyllon, stag beetle, giant vespers, muskrat, medium motley woodpecker, gray shrike, snake.

Relief of the reserve and climate

The region in which the Bryansk Forest is located is an accumulative
Plain, low-hollow-inclined. There are no great heights or, conversely, lowlands. The minimum height of the territory is 125 meters, while the maximum height is 210, the prevailing one is 140-170 meters. The district profile is formed by swampy and wide river floodplains, hollow-inclined and flat terraces. The valley of the Desna river in some places reaches 12-15 kilometers, while the width of the floodplain is up to five kilometers. Floodplains are characterized by pronounced priterrasnymi depressions, which reach a width of one or two kilometers and occupy large areas. There are common shallow dunes and dunes 6-9 meters high, karst funnels and hollows. The climate of these places is subcontinental, the average air temperature is + 5.4 ° C. The precipitation for the year is 550-590 mm. Winter is usually moderately cold. Do you remember such a song: "The Bryansk forest was rustling sternly ..."? This is exactly about this reserve. Summer here is warm. The amplitude of the annual temperature is 25-27 ° C. For most of the year - 136-154 days - the air temperature is more than zero degrees.

Reservoirs of the Bryansk Forest

The Polesye rivers are tributaries of the Desna River and belong to the Dnipro Basin. A little information about the waterways that flow through the reserve. The Desna has a channel around the area of about 90 kilometers, its width: the maximum - 144 meters, the usual - 60-80 meters. The floodplain is meadow, marshy, 4-5 km wide.

Another river, Nerussa, the left tributary of the Desna, has a length of about 110 km in this area, the channel width can reach 52 meters, usually 25-30. The width of the floodplain is 2-3 meters, it is swampy, forest-meadow and forest. There are also the rivers Navila, Sev and Usozha. There are also many small rivers, the length of which varies from five kilometers to 38. "Bryansky Forest", a reserve, is characterized by a small number of lakes, which are mainly starvics of the rivers Navli, Nerussa and Desna. From the above-floodplain reservoirs, the Desna Zherensky lakes located on the bog terrain are distinguished: the lake. Large Geren, depth of 0.3-0.4 meters, and the lake. Small Geren, about two meters deep. Also there are very small, kind of karst funnels.

How to get to the reserve from the nearest settlements

From Briansk - along the highway "Bryansk-Kiev" to the turn to the village Voronov Log, then - Commune Bee, Holmechi, Terebushka and to the village of Berezovka. There, in the center and there is a turn to the Central Manor. From Trubchevsk - on the road "Trubchevsk-Suzemka" to Noveny, Century and to Berezovka. From Suzemka - along the route "Suzemka-Trubchevsk" to Holmechi, Berezovka. By electric train - the route "Bryansk-Suzemka", to the Neruss platform and a half kilometer walk to the Central Manor. The reserve is managed by the Bryansk Forest Administration, located in the regional center at Kalinina Street, No. 34. This department received a high appraisal from the World Wildlife Fund for its work .