Bityug, the river. Location, flora and fauna

Bityug is a Russian river, which is the left tributary of the Don River. It flows through the territories of the Voronezh, Tambov and Lipetsk regions. Along its banks there are large settlements of the Tambov, Voronezh regions, the city of Nizhny Kislyai.

Bityug, the Oka-Don valley: description

The length of the river is 379 kilometers, the area of the basin is 8840 km ². It flows along the Oka-Don plain, which is swamped in places. The high right bank is covered with deciduous forests, and the left low is a plowed steppe. The main feed of the channel is due to the melting of the snow. The ice on the river is kept from the middle of December and almost to April. On average, the annual water consumption is 18.2 m³ / s.

The following settlements are located on the river and its tributaries: Novopokrovka, Bobrov, Mordovo, Anna, Ertil and others.

This river is very popular with Voronezh fans of fishing and water tourism.

Bityug river: photo landscapes

Some of its sections are hydrological and natural attractions. Back in 1998, the territory of the river in the village of. Talitsky Chamlyk of the Lipetsk region is identified as a landscape monument "Upper Bityug River".

The second part of the landscape monument is located below the village of Anna. To the left of it, the Kurlak River flows into Bityug, the valley of which has a width of 3000 meters. Its slopes are completely covered with oak forests.

The Bityug River has many tributaries: the left - Kurlak, Chigla, Tishanka, Ertil, Mordovka, Mosque, Fishy Yar, Kislyai, etc., right - Plakusha, Raft, Maleyka, Anna, Chamlyk, Mosolovka, Toida.

Ecology of the district

In the basin of the Bituyug River, there are many quite old sugar factories . Often there were emergency emissions of sewage that polluted the river. Especially distinguished in this Novopokrovsky, Ertil and Nizhnekislyaysky sugar factories in the Voronezh region.

The result of such cataclysms is a decrease in the content of dissolved oxygen in the water, as a result, the indicators of water disappear - the crayfish, the fish die.

Landscapes, fauna and flora

The Bityug river is chosen by Voronezh lovers of fishing and tourism due to its fabulous beauty and the abundance of various fish. Various types of fish are found in its waters: pike, tench, ide, red bream, bream, roach, burbot, ruff, perch, chub, crucian. Less common are pike perch and catfish.

The flora here is represented by forests of oak, thickets of reeds, sparse pine forests at a given latitude. Numerous sandy beaches, spacious plains and extensive backwaters, narrow and fast channels - all this is seen when traveling on water. The scheme of the Bityug River is a very meandering line, especially near the Chiglin zone.

A bit from the history of settlement of the river banks

Bityug is a river with a rather curious history.

In the distant 1450 on the banks of the Bityug river the troops of the Moscow prince Vasily II defeated the Tatars who came from the horde of Kichi-Muhammad.

The neighborhood was started in 1613, during the reign of the young tsar Mikhail Romanov. Then there was an urgent need to replenish the state's treasury, torn apart in "vague" times, in various ways.

And one of the ways of implementing this measure was to surrender the vast uninhabited territories from the state name in the southern territories of the country.

Since then, much has happened in these places.

In April 1699, Tsar Peter I signed a personal decree according to which Russian and Cherkasy people who settled near the Bityug River should be sent to the places of their former residence, and all buildings burned and no longer allowed them to settle here. According to this decree, a punitive detachment was sent there.

In the archives records of those times were preserved that the order was executed and the inhabitants of these places were exiled and their dwellings burnt (1515 yards).

After that, Peter I issued a new decree and relocated to Bityug the palace peasants from the northern and central Russian districts (Poshekhonsky, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, Rostov, etc.). This was in 1701.

Resettlements led to the death of thousands of people who could not stand the difficulties of the long and difficult journey, not adapted to unusual climatic conditions.

Features of the nature of the coast

Bityug is a river with a valley between 3000 and 7000 meters on average, and even more than 10 km in the lower reaches. There is an abundance of lakes in the floodplain. The river is very meandering all over, with numerous old people. Sometimes it is divided into two, and sometimes even more - up to seven channels.

Another feature of Bityug - the channel has lake-like extensions up to 5 km long, and their width is from 40 to 80 m. The depths reach 8 m.

In the upper reaches of the river the banks are treeless, in the middle (from the village of Anna) on the banks grows deciduous forest, due to which the valley acquires a very picturesque colorful appearance.

Just below the Chigla tributary, the southernmost natural Russian pine forest, Khrenovskiy Bor, begins on the right bank.

Bityug-river is one of the most attractive rivers of the Sub-Ptashia of the Russian middle belt. Extensive oak forests, sparse pine forests, reed beds, golden sandy beaches, narrow canals and many other things attract tourists to these amazing and beautiful places.