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Automatic transmission oil cooler: description and installation

As you know, any engine needs to be cooled. But very few people know that not only the motor, but also the box is subjected to temperature loads. And often heated machine. For this purpose on many machines the oil cooler of the automatic transmission is installed. Volvo equips them with the factory. What is this element, how to install it and what are its features? We will talk about this in our today's article.

Features of the automatic transmission cooling system

Any gearbox has oil. However, in automatic, unlike mechanics, it is designed to transmit torque. Grease for automatic transmission is more liquid and has ATP marking. In mechanics, however, practically jelly-like liquid with a viscosity of 85W90 (or so), in which the black tint predominates, is filled. Why such differences? It's all about the principle of the box. Oil in mechanics is only filled in the pan. The gears are dipped into this bath during rotation and are thus lubricated. In the automatic gearbox, everything is different. Here, a torque converter (or "bagel") is used as a clutch. Inside it there are two impellers. They interact with each other due to the directed flow of oil. That is, the lubricant performs the function of transferring the torque. Accordingly, the liquid is constantly in motion and is heated. But overheated oil can damage the box. It is necessary that the ATP-liquid be heated to 75-80 degrees. Already at 100, changes in viscosity and other characteristics begin. As a result, the life of automatic transmission decreases by 2-3 times.

Why do I need an oil cooler for automatic transmission cooling?

As we said earlier, the liquid in the box is constantly heated. And in order to prevent overheating, a heat exchanger is needed. It is the radiator that keeps the operating temperature, preventing overheating of the oil and the box.

Where is?

Depending on the design features, the radiator can be in the box itself (in a pallet) or integrated into the main heat exchanger. The latter scheme is more thoughtful and universal. However, this method of placement has its drawbacks. For example, if one of the two heat exchangers in the housing breaks down, the antifreeze and oil mix together. And the price of such a radiator is much higher. On disassembly it can be bought for 5-10 thousand rubles.

Device

The engine oil cooler for automatic transmission consists of the following elements:

  • The upper tank.
  • Core.
  • Lower tank.
  • Fasteners.

The main purpose of the element is the cooling of the liquid entering into it. Usually the tanks and the core are made of brass. As practice shows, this material has an excellent thermal conductivity and, accordingly, has a high efficiency. The core consists of thin plates arranged transversely. Vertical tubes pass through them. They are soldered to the plates and are not foldable. The oil passing through the core diverges into many streams. Thus, rapid cooling of a large volume of liquid is ensured. The oil cooler with automatic transmission is connected by means of nozzles. They are usually made of rubber.

Additional oil cooler Automatic: is it worth it to install?

All cars that come with automatic transmission are already equipped with a heat exchanger for ATP liquid. But practice shows that such radiators do not always cope with their task. Especially often with overheating boxes faced by owners of turbocharged cars - "Subaru", "Toyota", etc. Therefore, the question arises of installing an oil cooler AKPP over the main one.

Let's start the installation

What do we need for this? In addition to the heat exchanger itself, it is worth buying fasteners and oil resistant reinforced hoses 1.5 meters in length. We will also need an oil thermostat. We need it so that in winter the liquid is not supercooled. The oil in the automatic transmission should operate in a mode from 75 to 90 degrees Celsius. Anything that is lower or higher than these values is unacceptable. We draw attention to the fact that when installing an additional oil cooler AKPP (it will be universal or not, it does not matter), it is necessary to include a thermostat in the circuit. It will block off cold oil streams. Thus, the liquid will quickly warm up to operating temperatures in the winter, and you will ride on a workable warm box.

Consider the features of the installation on the example of the car "Subaru Forester". So, first we need to determine the layout of the installation. Experienced motorists do not recommend installing an additional heat exchanger in the receiving line of the factory cooler. This solution is useless, because at the output of the factory radiator we get a hot ATP liquid heated to 95-100 degrees. But how to install it? The most correct option is to install the element in the return line, which is on the way from the factory radiator to the automatic box. Having dealt with the installation scheme, proceed to dismantling the body linings. First you need to remove the headlight from the driver's side and the bumper. Next, remove the tube from the expansion tank and remove the main radiator mountings. It is installed on the front panel.

Since we have an air conditioner radiator next to us, we must not allow both coolers to be close to each other. To do this, we use 3 mm spacers and glue the Teflon plates on the fastening elements of the optional automatic transmission heat sink. During installation, the element may become skewed. To avoid this, it is necessary to trim the plastic clips of the screeds. When installing the latter must go through the honeycomb cooler air conditioner and the standard heat exchanger. At the outlet of the screed fixed hat. This fastening is carried out in four points.

But this does not stop the installation of the radiator of the oil automatic transmission. Then it is necessary to remove the radiator tank. It is fixed on two bolts. Then unscrew the three screws securing the bracket to the fans. So we get a free place for tightening the hats from inside the radiator. In the right part of the bumper we see two oil lines. We need a refundable. Recognize it is easy - it is further from the "stern". When removing the nozzle, be ready to spray the ATP liquid. It is better to plug it with a self-made stopper or put a clean container under the hose. Next we connect the oil thermostat. It is not necessary to drill fastenings - it is enough to fix it on two construction screeds.

Final work

After the radiator has been connected, check the reliability of all connections. Do not start the car until the oil level in the box is checked. As another cooler has appeared in the system, the ATP-liquid level may fall. So, add oil to the transmission and start the engine. The assembly of the cladding should be continued, making sure the system works correctly. Check the temperature in all four hoses (this is best done with a pyrometer). If everything is correct, the engine is muffled and collect the facing in the reverse order.

Prevention

That the additional radiator has served as much as possible long, it is necessary to know preventive measures. Periodically, it is recommended that the heat exchanger be cleaned mechanically. Over time, mud, foliage, moss and poplar fluff accumulate on the surface of the plates. All this worsens the heat transfer. Mechanical cleaning can be done without removing the coolant from the car - just say goodbye to the surface of "Kercher". But notice that the radiator plates are fragile enough. If the pressure is incorrectly selected, they can be damaged. The radiator can be clogged and inside. To prevent this from happening, the filter and oil should be replaced in time. Typically, the ATP-liquid resource is 60-70 thousand kilometers. If you have a demountable pallet on your car, unscrew it and remove the chips from the magnets. Back cover is installed on a new gasket.

So, we found out what the oil cooler is, how it works and how to install it in the car with your own hands.

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