As the endocrine system of a person regulates internal processes in the body.

The human endocrine system along with the nervous system controls the vital processes in the body, providing them with the so-called humoral regulation and maintaining homeostasis in it, i.e. Internal equilibrium. Such similar internal mechanisms in medicine are studied in detail by the science of endocrinology. The peculiarity of organs that are united by the concept of the human endocrine system is that they do not have excretory ducts to the body cavity. They supply the result of their secretion, otherwise the hormones, directly into the blood and lymph fluid, in contrast to the exocrine glands that communicate with the various body cavities, as well as the external environment.

The human endocrine system differs from other systems of the organism by its "distance". This means that the control of the body on her part is not carried out in places where active substances such as hormones are produced, but very far from them. For example, antidiuretic hormone is produced in the pituitary gland, which is located in the cranium, and its effect on the renal tubules. The same is with oxytocin. It is also a product of the neurohypophysisal zone located in the cranial cavity, and the main place of its application is the musculature of the uterus.

Each person's endocrine system has a hierarchical ladder. All internal glands producing their specific hormones are subject to the influence of the hypothalamic-pituitary system, which is under direct control of the nervous activity and cortical structures of the brain. The pituitary gland is the link between the glands of the lower level and the hypothalamus. The latter, perceiving the signal from the nervous system, produces "releasing hormones" (statins and liberins) that affect the pituitary cells and cause them to either increase secretion or reduce the level of secretion of tropic hormones. Tropic hormone adenohypophysis directly affect the final gland. For example, the thyroid-stimulating hormone acts only on the glandular tissue of the thyroid gland, and the lacto- tropic hormone on the mammary glands. The final stage of such a consistent regulation is the development of appropriate hormones, which through the blood and lymph affect the metabolism, growth, nutrition and development of other organs and systems.

By its chemical structure, all hormones can be divided into four main groups: glycoprotein, protein-peptide, steroid and amino acid. Also they can be (as mentioned above) divided by their physical action. Hypothalamic and pituitary hormones belong to the triggering hormones, and all the rest to the performers. Launchers regulate the work of hormones-performers.

Diseases of the endocrine system severely violate the equilibrium established in the body. The corresponding clinical picture will depend on the level of the lesion. It can be influenced by the nature of the abnormal secretion of biological substances. The pathophysiology of the endocrine system with various diseases is such that if the body decreases the secretion of a hormone, then clinically it will look like its acute deficit, and, conversely, vice versa. An example is a myxedema or hypothyroidism, when the function of the thyroid gland is significantly reduced, and its direct opposite to thyrotoxic goiter in the hyperproduction of thyroid hormones.

The human endocrine system, despite the successful and rapid development of medicine and nanotechnology, is still not fully understood by the field of anatomy and physiology. However, what is already known to science, allows endocrinology doctors to actively deal with the treatment and prevention of its pathological conditions, making patients' lives more comfortable and better.