Art and science. Scientists and Artists

If you look at the path that humanity has undergone, you can say that for the representative of homo sapiens, the main ones always had three tasks: to survive, to learn and create. If the first question does not arise at all, the rest require a small reservation.

From the very beginning, the person for survival had to get acquainted with the surrounding reality, to perceive it, to study, to expand the boundaries of one's own knowledge and comfort. It is quite natural that this required certain efforts - this is how the first tools of labor and hunting were created, so rock drawings appeared, which became the point of reference of creative potential.

Art and science are still closely intertwined, representing at the same time completely opposite, but extremely complementary things.

Specificity

Of course, researchers of artistic creativity in any of its manifestations and any physicists or programmers can tirelessly argue about the significance of these phenomena in a person's life. Nevertheless, art and science, paradoxically, are really closely connected, and sometimes they represent a single, almost indivisible whole.

However, if we are talking about characteristics and significant differences, we should pay attention to aspects peculiar to only one of the phenomena under consideration. On the one hand, art is a very real act of creativity, contact with something higher, ethereal, intangible. No wonder the ancient Greeks, who laid the foundation of modern civilization, considered poetry, music and theater to be one of the most important components of human life. Art and science differ first of all, of course, with precision and clarity of tasks, and if in the first case one can talk about practically unlimited freedom, then in the case of science, this is often only to be dreamed of.

Another difference between these components of human life can be considered their target setting. If art is aimed at creating, creating, approaching the deity, the absolute spirit, then the goal of science is most often cognition, analysis, definition of patterns.

There is even an opinion according to which it is study that kills creativity and creations. Any analysis is always a kind of dissection, a division into the private in order to determine the mechanisms of work.

Finally, art and science differ in the degree of accessibility to man. If in the first case we speak about the phenomenon, which is characterized by synaesthesia, the highest degree of interaction with the thin strings of the human soul, then the comprehension of science requires a certain level of preparation, luggage of knowledge, special thinking. Acts of creation are available to a greater or lesser extent to everyone, while it is simply impossible to become an explorer of the cosmos or a creator of a nuclear bomb without many years of training and experimentation.

Similarities

However, are they so different from each other, as it seems at first glance? Strangely enough, their similarity lies in the very opposition. Art - is, as already mentioned, the creation, the product of something new, beautiful from a certain available material, whether it be plaster, sounds or paints.

But is not creation something alien to science? Did not a man fly into space on a ship built by the genius of engineering thought? Was not the first telescope invented in due time, thanks to which the infinity of stars was opened to the eye? Was not the first serum made up of the ingredients in its time? It turns out that science is the same act of creation, as well as what we are accustomed to call art.

Single whole

Finally, we must not forget that in many respects these phenomena, the concepts that make up our lives are not just similar, but almost identical. Take, for example, the treatise N. Boileau - the main manifesto of the era of classicism. On the one hand, this is a classic literary work. On the other hand, a scientific treatise in which the main aesthetic principles of his time are explained, substantiated and compared.

Another example is the activity of Leonardo da Vinci, who, in addition to painting, designed aircraft in his drawings , studied anatomy, human physiology. In this case, it is difficult to determine whether it was an art or a scientific activity.

Finally, let us turn to poetry. At first glance, it is only the right grouped words, which, thanks to rhyme, turn into an artistic text. However, how random is this order? How much effort does the author require to find him? What experience should he acquire for this? It turns out that writing poems is also a science.

Creators and scientists

So, when we have decided on the specifics of the problem, we turn to it a more intimate, more demanding view. People of science and art are often the same representatives of the human race. Dante Alighieri, for example, besides obvious membership in the literary world, can also be ranked among outstanding historians. In order to realize this, you just need to read his "Divine Comedy".

Lomonosov, in turn, successfully engaged in chemistry and physics, but at the same time he became famous as an author of numerous works in the genre of ode, as well as one of the legislators of Russian classicism.

The examples given are just a miser, a small fraction of the number of figures that combined both sides of this medal.

Science of a special kind

Needless to say that not only in physics and mathematics does the world hold fast? There is a huge number of types of scientific activity that are far from precise methods of calculation, evaporation, or carrying out experiments in the field of plant compatibility.

Extremely connected, almost inseparable can be considered manifestations of art and humanities. Millions of philologists, culturologists and psychologists from time immemorial work to understand not only the artistic creativity itself, but also the world through its prism. By and large, the correct study of the literary work provides an opportunity to understand not only the characteristics of its organization, but also the time in which it is written, to discover new sides in a person, to add to its existing picture of the world its own, no less significant nuance.

Arguments and Perceptions

Very closely related are religion, philosophy, science, art. To prove this assertion, let us turn our attention to the Middle Ages. It was the church then the legislator of everything that happened in the earthly world. It defined the canons of art by restricting subjects, moving to a new level, where corporeal matter did not matter.

How many heretical philosophers and scientists were then burned at the stake of the Inquisition, how many were simply excommunicated for their own vision of the world or appeal to the form, the volume in the depiction of the saint on the icon!

And at the same time it was the church and religion that gave the world music, it was philosophy that became the basis for a huge number of novels, which are now the classics of literature.

Art as a divination

Since the time of Ancient Greece, there is a definition of the artist (in the broad sense of the word) as a medium, a coordinator between heavenly and earthly, divine and human. That is why the goddess of art and science is represented in mythology at once in nine hypostases. In this case we are talking, of course, about the muses that give inspiration to artists and researchers, chroniclers and singers. It was thanks to them that man managed, according to myths, to create the beautiful and to look beyond the horizon, into the unfathomable and immense.

Thus, the creator was practically endowed with a kind of gift of clairvoyance. It should be noted that this point of view is by no means groundless. Take, for example, the creator of the novel "20 thousand leagues under the water." How could he know about the technologies that will come true in years? Or the same Leonardo da Vinci, predicting the progress of progress even before all the rest of humanity thought about it ...

Divination and Science

It will be erroneous to consider that only the artist opens up the unknown. In the world of scientific high thought of such examples there is simply a huge amount. The most famous of them is the Mendeleyev table, which the scientist saw as a deck of cards.

Or Gauss, who saw in his dream a snake biting his tail. It turns out that science is no less characteristic of openness to the unknown, otherworldly, subconscious, to what artists with no less precision determine on an intuitive level.

Common to all

Whatever you say, and the figures of science and art in their work serve one single, most important goal - the improvement of the world. Each of them strives to make our life more beautiful, simpler, purer, more accurately, while choosing our own way, different from all others.