When was Nikitin born and dying? Poet Nikitin Ivan Savich

Ivan Savich Nikitin is a talented poet and prose writer who worked towards landscape lyric poetry. The author of the most popular works. His observations of nature and the soul of a commoner amaze. Nikitin Ivan Savich, photo portraits of which are presented in the article, even with his whole appearance shows the greatness of the spirit and great wisdom of life.

Period in history

The main themes in the n literature of the XIX century were the struggle against autocracy and serfdom. The time when Nikitin was born and died is the period of struggle against feudalism, the uplifting of the spirit of patriotism and the birth of the movement of the Decembrists.

Ivan Savich also fell under the influence of literature at that time. He, the poet of Nekrasov's direction, most often painted in his work the socially low layers of society. His poems are inherent in the plot, which vividly depicts the peasants and the urban poor. Often in the author's creations one can find an echo and his own life. Personal poverty also inspires the poet to work.

The poet wrote, taking as an example the works of Nekrasov and Koltsov, but this did not stop him from developing his own style.

It was the experiences that characterized many people of that time, and put a seal on the poems of Ivan Savich Nikitin. The author's short works are the pain and joy of that period of Russian history.

Childhood of the poet

The life of Ivan Savich Nikitin was not easy from the very beginning. But, maybe, everything would have been different, fate would not have endowed him with his talent.

Nikitin, the future poet, was born on October 3, 1824 in Voronezh, in a simple philistine family. His father was a candle dealer and at that time he earned well. From a small age, he was taught by a fellow shoemaker. The greatest joy to the boy was brought by nature. For hours he could walk around the neighborhood, observe the changes of the earth. Closeness and detachment of the child of the parents did not frighten.

"I'm glad of the autumn weather: I hear the noise of the crowd unbearable," later wrote Nikitin Ivan Savich.

The father had big plans for his son, so he sent him to go to seminary. It was there, the boy first tried to write poetry.

Premature aging

While the boy was studying, problems started at home. The family business did not develop, and the father began to drink. Moreover, possessing a very steep character, he was addicted to the glass and the poet's mother. Because of family troubles, the guy was not up to school, and soon he was kicked out of the school. From the school desk he stood at the counter of the candle store.

After some time the mother of Ivan Savich died. After a while, the business completely outlived itself. And the only thing that made the guy happy, was literature. However, it was possible to forget about dreams.

Striving for beauty

So sadly passed the years of life of Nikitin Ivan Savich. Hard work, a despot-drunk father and gray, like one another day. But the spark that pulled the poet to the beautiful, mundane could not extinguish. He strives for high art and does not cease to absorb the creativity of Pushkin, Gogol, Shakespeare and his Belinsky favorite. What remains of the candle shop, the young man changes to an inn. And among the always drunk and noisy customers, the future poet was able to allocate time for writing poems.

The lonely lonely Nikitin found more happiness in these short instants, rather than in senseless waste of time talking with people. Gradually, the poet began to grow in him. The poems of Ivan Savich Nikitin are short, but correctly combined and with meaning.

The first step to success

In November 1853 the young man decided to send his works to the editorial office. They are published in the publication "Voronezh Provincial Gazette". Then the author signed the initials "I. N. ». In the newspaper edition, Nikolai Vtorov worked, who not only became interested in a young poet, but later became his best friend.

The work quickly received positive feedback and brought the young poet fame. Nikitin Ivan Savich became the "successor" of Koltsov. He beautifully extols nature, his works sound love for the earth, he sings the beauty of a simple working man. In addition, since then he was accepted into the circle of the intelligentsia. Finally, he revolves in a society of people with whom he is interested.

One of the three poems that he sent to the editors was "Rus." In this work he expressed his pain and patriotic moods associated with the Crimean War.

Source of inspiration

Despite the glory, the life of the hero of our narrative changed little. Poet Nikitin Ivan Savich did not stop working in the inn. Father still drank, but in 1854-1856 the relationship between them was a little bit settled. The atmosphere that reigned in the courtyard often inspired the writer. There one could listen to the conversations of ordinary people, enrich the imagination with new images, observe a gray but interesting life. And this is what Nikitin needed for creativity.

Also in these years the poet was engaged in self-education, got acquainted with the works of other writers, studied French.

What is the spiritual power of the poet

In the summer of 1855, the poet caught cold because of bathing and undermined his already poor health. At that time, he turned to faith and poured out his feelings in poetry. In sad moments from his pen came such poems as "Prayer" (1851), "New Testament" (1853), "Sweet Prayer" (1854). These are the most religious years of Nikitin Ivan Savich's life. Short works touch to the depths of the soul with its simplicity and depth of content:

"Oh my God! Give me the will power,

Mind the question of death. "

In 1857, Voronezh left one of the few comrades of the poet Nikolai Vtorov. The master of the pen is attacked by melancholy, for a time he is left with creative forces. But the mood did not last long over the poet, and he spills his emotions, negative emotions and the decline of his strength on paper. So, next year from under his pen there is a work "Fist". Poem critic and readers took it very well.

Autobiographical "Fist"

In the years when Nikitin was born and died, in Russia there was such a thing as a "fist".

It meant a trader who makes money on what measures, outweighs and deceives people. The protagonist of the work is the merchant Lukich. He leads a wrong and dishonorable way of life, not hesitating to steal, lie and cheat. These little crafty deeds, - the only thing, due to what he lives and his family. The poem is partly biographical. The merchant and his wife are the parents of the author. The scenes described by him are moments he saw with his own eyes.

The poem "Fist" turned out to be very rich in life episodes. It is fresh in it, and the description of nature fascinates. There are parts that could become independent verses, if they are taken out of context. The poem deserves the title of national treasure. In no other work is life described so vividly.

The poet's childhood was complex, and the "Fist" is, to some extent, his biography. Ivan Savich Nikitin lived at a time when drunkenness was very common. The poem completely reflected the then-existing state of the Russian Empire. Therefore, describing the problems of his family, he described the entire society of that time.

Sunset short life

A year later, in 1858, the second collection of poems was published. Critics did not appreciate the work, but this did not stop the poet from doing his favorite thing. He continues to study and is now engaged in translations, which helps him to better understand the rich world of literature.

In February, in 1859, Nikitin opened a bookstore to which the library was attached. In Voronezh, the shop becomes the center of culture for the common people and intelligentsia.

At the time when Nikitin was born and died, it was these bookshops that gathered the bright minds of society.

Since that time, the poet's health began to deteriorate. When he felt good, his work was replenished with new works. But during the illness of the poet could not interest almost anything from what surrounded him.

"The diary of a seminarian" the poet wrote a year before his death. This was his first prosaic work.

Honor fees for creativity allowed him to become financially independent.

With good health, he travels, visits St. Petersburg and Moscow, actively participates in the cultural growth of his native Voronezh.

May 1861 became fatal for the hero of our narrative. The poet caught a cold, and struggled with illness for a long time.

It was not his simple, thorny biography. Ivan Savich Nikitin died of consumption on October 16, 1861 at the age of 37 years.

The time of his creative career was only 8 years.

The poet was buried at the Novo-Mitrofan'evskoe cemetery, near to another philosopher of nature - Koltsov.

The poet was alone when he was born, and Nikitin also died alone. Because of the closed nature of the man it was difficult to get on with people. Mother left young life. And the father, even when the son was on his deathbed, did not refuse the bottle.

Even during his lifetime Nikitin gained fame. Almost two hundred years have passed since the birth of the poet, and his poems, glorifying nature, patriotism and accurately conveying national images are still interesting and relevant.