Attractions of Derbent: a historical heritage

Derbent is the oldest city in the world, located in Dagestan on the Caspian coast. This place has rich historical and cultural traditions. The city of Derbent is a place that is worth a visit to every traveler. Ancient buildings, fortresses, citadels, unusual cult sites, interesting architecture is an incomplete list of what the tourist is waiting for here. In this article, we will discuss the most popular and famous landmarks of Derbent.

From the history of the city

The first settlements on the territory of the modern city arose more than 6 thousand years ago. In the 6th century. BC. E. Derbent is mentioned in ancient Greek written sources. Centuries later the fortress was founded here by the soldiers who came from Persia. In the 7th century. In the city settle the Arabs and lay the Juma mosque, which was the spiritual center of the followers of Islam in the Caucasus lands. In addition, the city became the main strong point of the Arab Caliphate on this territory. In the 11th century. The lands of Derbent were invaded by the Seljuk Turks. From the 14th century. The city was part of the Safavid state. Soon this territory became a permanent arena for the struggle between Russia and Persia. Peter I, understanding the importance of this point, made the Caspian expedition through the lands of Derbent. In the 18th century. As a result of a new campaign, the territory officially came under Russian rule. In 1813, after long negotiations with Iran, these lands (in particular, the city of Derbent) were finally consolidated in the empire.

Modern Derbent

Today Derbent is a real city-museum in the open air. This is an important historical and archaeological reserve and cultural center of Dagestan. Attractions of Derbent impress with their greatness. This place contains a centuries-old history and a cultural tradition. Every year, Derbent (Dagestan) is visited by thousands of tourists from all over the world.

Interesting facts about the city:

• In 2006 Derbent was recognized by the international community as the most tolerant city on the territory of modern Russia;
• Representatives of 60 nationalities live on its territory;
• The area of the museum-reserve is more than 140 hectares;
• This is the most southern city in Russia;
• The population of Derbent exceeds 100 thousand people.

The fortress of Naryn-Kala

The main attraction of Derbent. This stronghold, erected in the 6th century, is well preserved. This fortress in ancient times blocked the passage between the Caucasus and the Caspian Sea and was a strategically important object. Its area exceeds 4 hectares. The walls of the fortress, which in thickness reached 3 m, prevented the constant raids of nomads from Southeast Asia. The southern part of the fortification was almost destroyed, but the northern section has survived to this day. Interestingly, in the history of its existence the Derbent walls survived many invasions. Also to this day came the baths located inside the fortress. On the territory of the citadel is the cross-domed church of the 5th century.

Mosque of Juma

Today this mosque is an important shrine for the followers of Islam in Russia. It is located in the heart of the historical part of the city and at the time of its construction (8th century) was the largest building in Derbent.

Juma mosque has been repeatedly rebuilt. So, one of the inscriptions says that it was reconstructed after a strong earthquake. In the 15th century. Near it was built a madrasah. The formation of the mosque complex was completed only at the beginning of the 19th century.

During the Soviet era, this building housed a city prison, and only in 1943 Juma Mosque began to play its spiritual role.

Armenian Church of St. Savior

This church is one of the most important religious buildings of Derbent. Despite the fact that it was built only in the 19th century. And was badly damaged during the Civil War, this building is one of the most interesting sights of Derbent. Today in the building of the old Armenian church there is a city museum.

Other sights of Derbent (list)

• Art museum of the city. Here everyone can get acquainted with fine samples of ancient Derbent applied art. In addition, the museum displays works by local artists.
• Ancient Bala-mosque.
• The mosque-mosque - today it is the only mosque in Derbent with a tower (minaret).
• Museum "Nature of the Caspian Sea".
• Monument to local soldiers who died during the Second World War.

List of things that must be done in Derbent

• Explore the ancient sights of Derbent.
• To see as many mosques as possible.
• Try the local cuisine.
• Visit the Museum of Applied Arts.
• To taste the famous Derbent cognac.
• Learn more about the history of the city.
• Visit the only vineyard in the vicinity of Derbent in Russia (and possibly in Europe).
• Admire the amazing scenery.