What kinds of sports are there? Summer and winter sports. Find out what kinds of sports are available

A sport is a concept that includes a specific competitive activity, formed historically. Competitions in the field of physical disciplines are very popular among different peoples of our planet.

Manifold

How many sports are there at present? More than two hundred. At the same time there is a steady tendency to the emergence and development of all new variations. One hundred and fifty different physical disciplines are cultivated in Russia alone.

At the same time, each of them differs in the features of actions, as well as in various ways of conducting the struggle and the rules of the competition. The variety of sports led to the need for their classification.

Olympic classification

In sports, all sports are divided into categories. And many of them are on the list of competitive programs of the Olympic Games.

What kinds of sports are there in this classification? They are divided into:

- speed-power: speed skating, athletics competitions, throwing;
- cyclical disciplines: biathlon, skiing, cycling, canoeing and kayaking, as well as athletics;
- complex co-ordination: gymnastics (both sporting and artistic), figure skating, jumping on the trampoline and into the water;
- sports games: water polo, hockey, handball, football, etc .;
- single combat: boxing, judo, karate, etc.;
- all-around: in cross-country skiing, biathlon and pentathlon, in track and field athletics seven- and also decathlon.

The emergence of new sports

Constantly there are all new competitive disciplines. Their rules and conditions are based on the material that has been accumulated historically. What are the sports that have developed relatively recently? For example, freestyle. It contains various elements of ski jumping from a springboard, acrobatics, high-speed descent with elevations and dance figures.

What are the sports that appeared recently and have become popular at the moment? This is aerobics and arm sport, bodybuilding and sports dances.

At the junction of wrestling and boxing, a new discipline appeared - kickboxing. Officially in the category of sports, billiards and bowling, softball and beach volleyball are translated. In former times, they were considered a way of entertainment.

There is a special kind of sport that stands alone and is widespread among young people. This is extreme. Interest in such sports is growing steadily. For example, the Olympic program has already included mountain biking.

To extreme include those kinds of sports disciplines, the performance of which is often dangerous to life. The person at the same time receives a huge portion of adrenaline. What are the sports of this group? Popular in the youth environment are videos and skateboarding, snowboarding and BMX.

Classification by the seasons

What kinds of sports are there at the time of the competitions? They are divided into summer and winter. The basis of the principle of such classification is the period when these competitions are held.

Summer sports differ from winter ones in that they do not require snow and ice in arenas and stadiums. Tournaments for these disciplines can be held at any time of the year. This will require a hall or stadium with a heating system.

What are the kinds of sports that are held outdoors and are summer? Traditionally, this is athletics. Included in this list are football, field hockey and volleyball, basketball and gymnastics - both sporting and artistic.

What are winter sports? These are the ones that compete in the cold season. Such disciplines include ice hockey and Nordic combined, as well as ski jumping and biathlon. For these sports, there must be special conditions (ice and snow).

Summer sports disciplines

The program of the Olympic Games, organized in a warm period, is very extensive. Currently, it includes twenty-eight sports disciplines in its list. It is worth saying that in 1896 at the first Olympics, which was held in Greece, involved only nine sports. The championships were held in wrestling and gymnastics, shooting and cycling, heavy and track and field athletics. Already at the second Olympics, the list of sports disciplines has grown significantly. It included twenty kinds of sports. Later, some disciplines were excluded from the list, and now they are exotic. These include tug of war, cricket and rugby.

What are summer sports? At the Olympiads there are various varieties of water disciplines. Included in this list are combat sports. There is also cycling in it . The spectators of special interest are the championships in gymnastics. One of its disciplines since 2000 is jumping on a trampoline.

Summer sports that occupy a significant place in the Olympics are team games. Among them are basketball and volleyball, football and handball. Initially, the list of the Olympic Games included only football. The rest of the disciplines were included in this list much later.

Summer sports are swimming and wrestling, as well as heavy and light athletics. These classic martial arts were included in the program of the Olympics in 1896. It is worth saying that the beginning of the history of athletics was laid back in ancient times.

Olympic list

The list of disciplines that are held during the warm season includes basketball and badminton, wrestling and boxing, water and cycling, handball and volleyball, gymnastics and trampoline, rowing and judo. Included in this list are sailing and equestrian sports, pentathlon and track and field athletics, triathlon and tennis, archery and bullet shooting, fencing and football, teykwondo, and field hockey.

New disciplines are constantly being accepted into the Olympic program. In this regard, the registry can undergo various changes.

Winter sports

In the Olympics, held during the cold period, fifteen disciplines were introduced. For competitions in these sports is a prerequisite is the presence of snow or ice.

At the Winter Olympics, competitions are held for:

- figure skating;
- bobsled;
- skeleton;
- Curling;
- ski freestyle;
- luge sports;
- ski jumping from a springboard;
- snowboarding;
- short track;
- Nordic combined;
- speed skating;
- hockey;
- Alpine skiing;
- biathlon;
- Cross-country skiing.

Historical facts

Skiing, as well as skiing, slalom and speed descents were included in the program of the Winter Olympics in 1936. For the first time in these disciplines, the championships were held in Germany. It happened at the IV Olympiad.

Since 1924 in the list of winter games included skiing races. It happened at the Olympiad in Chamonix (France). At the same time, bobsleigh, cross-country skiing and speed skating started.

It is difficult to imagine the Winter Olympics without figure skating. This sport is one of the oldest. True, the debut of figure skating took place at the summer Olympic Games in 1908, which were held in London. Since 1924, this sport was officially included in the list of disciplines participating in the winter international competitions.

The Olympiad in Chamonix was truly a cult event. The organizers of these games pleased the audience with an extensive list of new sports that still remain popular today. One of these disciplines was jumping from a springboard on skis. At the same time, its height was ninety and one hundred and twenty meters. Since 1924, a constant sport, which competed in the Winter Olympics, was and hockey with a puck.

In the nineties of the last century, the list of winter sports was enlarged. Extreme disciplines were included in it. So, from the 1992 Olympics in the championships freestyle and short track became involved, and since 1998 - snowboarding.

Children's sports

Swimming and track and field, skiing and ice skating, football and cycling, gymnastics and judo - sports for children are quite numerous.

At what age is it necessary to give the child to work? Boys and girls are advised to start track and field athletics from the age of ten. This sport will promote the development of proper breathing and muscles of the chest. This will improve the supply of oxygen to the body. Athletics also develops the muscles of the whole body, which is very useful for girls.

From five to six years, children are recommended swimming. This discipline aligns the back, activates the lungs and develops the muscular system. Those who are engaged in swimming, will certainly form a good posture.

From the age of six the child can skate and ski. But regular cycling trips should be carried out only when your child turns eight.

From the age of seven, boys can practice judo, and with twelve football. Rowing costs only after fourteen years.

Restrictions in age exist for tennis. This sport is considered "one-sided". It promotes more development of one side of the body compared to the other. Therefore, you can play tennis only from the age of twelve.

An amazing sport is gymnastics. She is most popular among girls. It is possible to take up this sport from the age of eight.