What is the timing? Explanation of timing

As the decoding of the timing sounds, for sure many people know. Yes, it is a gas distribution mechanism. But that's what he does, but what properties he should have, not everyone will say. It is worth noting that this mechanism is all the more complicated the more valves are installed in the motor. For example, most budget cars are equipped with 8-valve engines. They are easier to operate, the power is smaller, and repairs are simple enough. Especially the timing belt replacement, since only one camshaft is provided in the system. Less marks - higher probability of accurate installation.

Camshaft in camshaft

So, start with the most important node. Of course, the degree of importance of their separation is purely conditional, since even the smallest bolt or key play a significant role. But still the camshaft is the basis, without it the gas-distributing mechanism of the engine can not work. With its help, the valves are shifted, they open and close in a timely manner to allow the fuel-air mixture to enter the combustion chamber, or to exhaust the exhaust gases from it.

The role of valves

Mentioned about the valves, but without them, the system will also not be able to function. They are installed in the cylinder head . In the cylinder head there are pastels in which the plates of the pistons rest. It is necessary that the contiguity of the planes is as tight as possible. Only in this case can provide high engine power. Decoding the timing indicates that the camshaft should be set in motion. For this purpose, a belt mechanism is used that drives the camshaft toothed pulley. A special roller is used to adjust the belt tension.

What role do the valves play in the timing case

Now we need to talk about the functions of the valves. In order to appreciate their work, it is necessary to look at how the engine will function if there are not. For example, you can take two-stroke engines, which are still used today on motorcycles, chainsaws, some mopeds and motorcycles. First, the noise level at the motor is much higher. This is due to the fact that the combustion chamber is not separated from the exhaust system. Secondly, the engine power is much lower, since the combustion chamber is less sealed.

It can also be noted that the correct operation of the gas-distributing mechanism of the four-cylinder engine is a pledge of high power and torque. And to build a two-stroke four-cylinder engine is much more difficult, and sometimes impossible. And is there any sense if it is impossible to squeeze out the maximum figures from it? Also, remember that two-stroke engines require that an oil be added to the fuel. You will be on the gas station to constantly measure and top up the engine oil? Probably not.

What happens if the labels move?

And now include fantasy, because you have to imagine a difficult process that occurs when the labels are shifted. If the timing gear is installed and adjusted correctly, taking into account all the marks, the engine will work perfectly. But what will happen if suddenly the belt slips by several teeth? Yes, this happens quite often, even the toothed belt is able to slip on the pulley if it is weakly pulled.

And the following will happen literally: the movement of the pistons in the cylinders and the valves will occur asynchronously. Decoding of the timing indicates that the intake and release must occur in a timely manner, depending on the position of the pistons. Consequently, the intake stroke will start earlier or later, similarly with the release. Fuel-air mixture will not arrive in time, its ignition at best will occur in the middle position of the piston in the cylinder. In other words, the chaos begins in the engine. And all this is due to the fact that some belt jumped on several teeth.

What will be the end of the timing belt?

But if there was a break in the timing belt, then not every engine can survive such an event. On most engines, this phenomenon is accompanied by the deformation of the valves, which literally run towards the pistons, as if on a date. Sometimes such a romantic encounter ends with the fact that the valve pierces through the piston. The design of the gas distribution mechanism implies that no major repairs are indispensable. Well, if you do not damage the cylinder block.

The saddest end is the appearance of cracks in the block. It will be slightly easier if the crack goes along the cylinder head. Unfortunately, if the car is planned for sale, then some owners of argon brew and polish these damages. But this is not a way out, it is better to replace the cylinder head, even if used, but not deformed and not damaged. And do not forget that the replacement of the gasket is also mandatory. In general, this element is always put new, with each removal of cylinder head.

How to set marks on the 8-valve motor?

Let us assume that all the preparatory work has been carried out. The generator belt is removed and inspected for damage, the right side is lifted and the wheel is removed, the crankshaft pulley bolt is removed. In other words, access to the timing belt is fully open. Now the main thing is to do everything correctly.

First of all, remove the roller using the key on 17, so do not lose the washer that is under it. With its help, the position relative to the belt is adjusted. Now you can remove the old belt, put a new video. After this, simply install a new belt if the pulleys have not been touched.

But if everything is done according to the "book", then you need to double-check whether the tags match, and for this you need to know in general terms the gas distribution mechanism of the VAZ. It is necessary to be guided on two marks - on a camshaft and on a flywheel. The first is installed opposite the plate, which is located on the cylinder head from the side of the windshield. The second you can see after you remove the rubber plug from the clutch housing. On the flywheel surface there is a mark, it must be installed clearly in the middle of the slot of the plate, which is attached to the engine block. The crankshaft is scrolled by means of a key on 19. They twist a bolt on a pulley of a cranked shaft.

The task becomes more complicated: setting up a 16-valve motor

Too loud words, of course, but still some motorists grab their heads when it comes to 16-valve engines. Justify this behavior by the fact that there are a lot of shafts and labels that are very difficult to set up. Judging by the behavior of such personalities, they are also able to get lost in a grove of three pine trees and long to seek a road to the house. There is nothing impossible, especially when it comes to the car. You have already understood how the decoding of the timing sounds, examined its main functions and elements. There is nothing super complicated in it.

The only thing you need to install the timing belt on a 16-valve engine is to fix the relative position of the camshafts. For this purpose, you first need to set each on its own labels, after which, trying not to shift by a millimeter, between them fix the plate. It will help to get rid of accidental turning of the shafts. On the other hand, it is very difficult to scroll the camshaft - great efforts are needed to overcome the resistance of the springs. Therefore, such a measure is only advisory. Where it is more important to fix the crankshaft. That's all, now it remains to replace both rollers and install a new belt. After assembling the unit, the car is ready for operation.