Trees are long-livers of Russia and the world. Trees-long-livers of the planet

Trees are the most long-lived organisms on our planet. Found fifty specimens of these plants, whose age exceeded the threshold of the millennium.

What influences the age of plants?

Long life expectancy of trees is possible for several reasons. First, it is promoted by the fact that these plants extract nutrients from the atmosphere, as a rule. From the soil they take only ten percent of the substances necessary for life.

Another secret of longevity is the disconnection of the vascular system. This allows the tree to continue to live even if one of its parts has died out. Many of the longevity plants are capable of producing protective compounds designed to fight deadly parasites and bacteria.

Spruce

Even from children's fairy tales, each of us knows that many trees are long-lived. At the same time, the centennial age for them is just the beginning. Even it is difficult to imagine the fact that some plants that currently live on our planet, stood dozens of centuries ago. They could see different cultures and civilizations, as well as witness important historical events. If these trees could speak, they would certainly be the main and reliable source for describing the stages of the development of world history. However for today it is silent witnesses of many incidents, keeping in itself all secrets.

Longevity trees are well-known common fir trees. This plant is distributed on the territory of our country, as well as in Europe and in America.

Spruce is a coniferous evergreen tree. The place of its distribution is the Northern Hemisphere of our planet. Currently, this tree is widely used in landscape design. Also, spruce is a leading place among coniferous species used for construction purposes.

It is believed that they called this tree from the ancient Roman word "pix", which means "pitch" in translation. Indeed, the plant has an incredibly aromatic resin, the same as its needles.

There are no leaves at the spruce. Needles are growing in their place. The tree is multiplied by seeds formed inside the cones. The shape of the spruce is a geometrically sharp cone. In this case, the lower branches, which are located on the trunk near the ground, are longer. Towards the top of the tree, their size gradually decreases.

Spruce can grow in coniferous forests, and also be an integral part of mixed massifs. At present it is difficult to find another such tree, which would be a symbol of cultural traditions in many peoples. With this plant it is customary to meet Christmas and New Year not only in Russia, but also in Europe, and also in America. Spruce - one of the favorite characters of fairy tales, cartoons, poems and songs. In other words, it is far from being the last role in the culture of many peoples.

The oldest fir on the planet

What age can these long-liver trees reach? The oldest spruce on our planet grows in Sweden. It was discovered in the province of Dolarna on Mount Fulu. To date, the age of the plant is 9550 years. At the same time, the ancient fir tree looks rather young. Biologists found this fact an explanation. Spruce, which currently stands in Sweden, is the escape of an ancient tree, the remains of which are located underground.

Sequoia

Longevity trees are not necessarily giant giants. However, sequoia, which has the largest age, equal to five thousand years, in addition to all - one of the highest on the Earth. Some of its specimens have a gigantic height, which can reach one hundred and fifteen meters. A man near such trees seems just an ant.

The bark of the California sequoia is very thick. Its thickness reaches thirty centimeters. The bark of this tree has an interesting feature not to burn when contacting fire. It is simply charred, which allows it to serve as a kind of bulletproof vest that protects the core.

These long-living trees have a fabulous appearance. Walking in the woods where sequoias grow, you simply forget about the real world.

Practical use

The tree is evergreen and belongs to coniferous species. This symbol of the American state of California is attributed to the taxod family.

Sequoia is not only incredibly beautiful. The plant is resistant to rotting processes, which makes its wood a valuable material for making furniture and sleepers, telegraph poles and paper. They even produce tiles from it.

The average size of the sequoia has a barrel about eight meters in diameter. And every year its dimensions increase by two and a half centimeters.

Baobabs

These trees-the long-livers of the planet amaze with their kind of any traveler. From the school bench we are aware that the trunk of this plant is on the planet the thickest. Its diameter can reach ten meters. But the height of an adult baobab is not big. It ranges from eighteen to twenty-five meters.

Baobabs are the same long-lived trees as the sequoias. Their age reaches five thousand years. The place of growth of these trees is arid Africa. How do they manage to survive in difficult conditions? In these plants, wood helps. Due to its hygroscopic properties, it resembles a sponge. In the rainy season, trees actively absorb water, which is used in arid periods.

The name of trees-long-livers, except "baobab", also "adansonia". By its properties this plant is one of the most amazing on our planet. The tree does not wither, even if the bark is completely ripped off. It easily builds up the protective cover again. The seeds of this tree are used to make a wonderful drink that resembles coffee. The baobab fruit is very nutritious. They are rich in vitamin C, calcium and have a pleasant taste. The shell of the fruit after drying becomes, as a stone, solid. Therefore, in the future, it is used as a glass or a vessel. Ash, obtained after burning the fruit, is one of the components in the preparation of soap.

Badian

Some long-livers among trees have a very extravagant appearance. Such plants include badon, whose age can reach three thousand years. Unofficially, this species was called "tree-forest". And it's no accident. A bucket can have up to a thousand trunks. The main one is located in the center. Over time, thick shoots appear on it, which grow and take root. The oldest bean is a tree that grows in India. It consists of three thousand small and the same number of large trunks. The last of them have diameters of up to six meters.

Badian can be found in North Vietnam and in Southeast China. Cultivate it in the Philippines, Japan, Abkhazia, India and Jamaica. The fragrant fruit of the plant is used as a spice.

Which long-living trees grow in Russia?

On the territory of our country you can find plants that are thousands of years old. Trees-long-livers of Russia are spruce, oak, silver poplar and large-leafed linden. There are these plants, as a rule, everywhere.

An interesting tree is the oak tree. Its individual specimens can reach fifty meters in height and have a two-meter diameter. The tree has long been famous for its medicinal properties, including astringents, antiperspirant and anti-inflammatory. The life span of an oak can reach two thousand years.

In the Red Data Book of the Russian Federation there is a yew. This tree vies for the duration of his life with a badge, reaching the age of two or three thousand years. In natural natural conditions it is difficult to meet it, but some specimens grow in the Far East and on the Sakhalin peninsula.

Silver poplar can reach the age of 1000-1500 years, and individual specimens of large leaved lime trees - up to 1200.