To help the student: a summary and analysis of Solzhenitsyn's Matrinin Dvor

The work of the Russian Soviet prose writer AI Solzhenitsyn refers to the most striking and significant pages of our literature. The main merit of it for the readers is that the author made the people think about their past, about the gloomy pages of history, told the cruel truth about many inhumane practices of the Soviet regime and revealed the sources of the spiritual lack of spirituality of the subsequent perestroika generations. The story "Matryonin Yard" in this regard is the most revealing.

History of creation and autobiographical motives

So, the history of creation and analysis. "Matrenin Dvor" refers to stories, although in size much exceeds the traditional framework of the literary genre mentioned . It was written in 1959, and printed - thanks to the efforts and troubles of Tvardovsky, the editor of the most progressive at that time literary magazine "New World" - in 1963. Four years of waiting - a very short time for the writer who stayed in camps with the brand "enemy People "and disgraced after the publication of" One Day of Ivan Denisovich. "

Let's continue the analysis. "Matrenin yard" progressive criticism considers even more powerful and significant work than "One day ...". If in the story of the fate of the prisoner Shukhov the reader was seized by the novelty of the material, the courage of the choice of the topic and its presentation, the expository force, the story of Matryona strikes with amazing language, masterful possession of the living Russian word and the highest moral charge, pure spirituality that filled the pages of the work. Solzhenitsyn planned to call the story this way: "It is not worth a village without a righteous one", so that the main theme and idea were announced initially. But the censorship would hardly have missed the name so shocking for Soviet atheistic ideology, because these words the writer put into the end of his work, titled it by the name of the heroine. However, the story only benefited from the reshuffle.

What else is important to note while continuing the analysis? "Matrenin yard" is referred to the so-called village literature, rightly noting its fundamental importance for this direction in Russian verbal art. The principle and artistic truthfulness of the author, firm moral position and heightened conscience, the inability to make compromises, as censors and conjuncture demanded, led to the further silence of the story, on the one hand, and a vivid, living example for Solzhenitsyn's contemporaries, on the other. The author's position can not be more fully correlated with the theme of the work. Yes, and there was no other way, telling about the righteous Matryona, an elderly peasant woman from the village of Talnevo, who lives in the most "intimate", primordially Russian outback.

With the prototype of the heroine Solzhenitsyn was personally acquainted. In fact, he talks about himself - a former military man, spent a decade in camps and in a settlement, immensely tired of the hardships and injustices of life and eager to rest his soul in a calm and unwise provincial silence. And Matryona Vasilyevna Grigorieva is Matryona Zakharova from the village of Mil'tsevo, in the hut in which Alexander Isaevich took a corner. And Matryona's life from the story is a somewhat artistically generalized fate of a real simple Russian woman.

Theme and idea of the work

Whoever has read the story will not be hampered by the analysis. "Matrenin Yard" is a kind of parable about the immortal, a woman of tremendous kindness and nezloblivosti. Her whole life is serving people. She worked on the collective farm for "sticks-workdays, lost health, and did not get a pension. It's hard for her to go to the city, and it's hard for her to complain, and she does not like to complain, to cry, especially to demand something. But when the kolkhoz chairman demands to go out to work on harvesting or weeding, no matter how badly he feels, Matryona, but still went on, helped the common cause. And if the neighbors asked me to help dig a potato, I also behaved. I never took payment for work, rejoiced at the soul of someone else's rich harvest and did not envy, when my potatoes were shallow, like fodder.

"Matrenin Yard" is an essay based on the author's observations of the mysterious Russian soul. This is the soul of the heroine. Externally nondescript, living extremely poor, almost poor, she is unusually rich and beautiful in her inner world, her enlightenment. I have never chased wealth, and all its goodness is a goat, a gray lame cat, fig trees in the upper room and cockroaches. Not having her own children, she raised and brought up Kira, the daughter of the former bridegroom. She gives it a part of the hut, and during transportation, helping, perishes under the wheels of the train.

The analysis of the work "Matrenin yard" helps to reveal an interesting regularity. In life, people like Matryona Vasilyevna cause bewilderment, irritation, condemnation in surrounding and relatives. The same sisters of the heroine, "mourning" her, lament that nothing remains after it of things or other wealth, and they have nothing to profit. But with her death, as if in a village there was a light in the village, as if it were darker, duller, sadder. After all, Matryona was the righteous person on whom the world holds, and without which neither the village, nor the city, nor the Earth itself stands.

Yes, Matryona is a weak old woman. But what will happen to us when such last guardians of humanity, spirituality, cordiality and kindness disappear? That's what the writer asks us to think about ...