Thyroid Disease: Symptoms and Treatment, Causes

Health and normal functioning of the whole body depends largely on the synthesis of hormones and trace elements, for which the thyroid gland is responsible. Diseases, symptoms, treatment of the thyroid gland is a problem that is very common today.

Thyroid function

The thyroid gland is one of the components of the endocrine system, an organ of internal secretion that is located on the front wall of the throat and is responsible for the synthesis of hormones. Consists of iron from two types of cells, some of which produce iodine and amino acid - tyrosine, while others produce calcitonin. Iodine and calcium are the two main components necessary for the normal functioning of all processes in the body.

Functions of the gland are presented below.

1. Providing growth, development of tissues and organs, including the central nervous system.
2. Activation of mental processes.
3. Stimulation of oxidative processes.
4. Control of mineral, protein, carbohydrate and fat metabolism.
5. Reproductive function (affects the maturation of follicles in the ovaries).

Thyroid hormones should always be at a certain level. If there is an excess or a deficiency, thyroid disorders can be diagnosed, the symptoms of which are not always correctly perceived by the patient.

Thyroid and hormones

Triiodothyronine (т3) and thyroxine (т4) are hormones produced by the thyroid gland, which participate in the metabolism of all nutrients in the body.

A decreased amount of hormones (hypothyroidism) leads to weakness and fatigue, and increased (hyperthyroidism), on the contrary, to excessive excitability. Also, the weight of a person depends on these hormones. The reasons for a sharp weight loss, as well as a sharp set of it, should be looked for in the wrong job of the gland.

When the thyroid gland inflames, the symptoms of the disease, the treatment may be different. To choose a method of therapy will help the analysis of hormones. Ignore the disease is not worth it, since it is fraught with the development of malignant tumors.

Diseases of the thyroid gland

The most important cause of all the ailments of the thyroid gland is the lack of iodine, which the body needs for the synthesis of hormones. The most common thyroid diseases are hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, goiter.

Hypothyroidism (decreased level of hormones) - a violation in the work of the thyroid gland. Symptoms of such violations can be as follows.

• Depression.
• Low blood pressure and body temperature.
• Muscle spasms.
• Sleep disorders.
• Allergic reactions to the body.
• Failure of the menstrual cycle in women.

Hyperthyroidism is an increased amount of hormones. Symptoms are presented below.

• Sharp weight loss.
• Heat, excessive sweating.
• Trembling in the limbs.
• Weak muscles.
• Irritability, confused mood.
• Increased sense of fear.
• Insomnia.
• Bulging of eyeballs (the main symptom).

Zob - a pathological condition, in which the thyroid gland considerably increases in size.

"Diseases, symptoms, treatment of the thyroid gland" is a topic everyone should familiarize with in order to avoid health problems. Women are especially affected by these diseases. In the risk group are people with a hereditary predisposition to ailments of this kind. And also those who lead an unhealthy lifestyle (abuse alcohol and smoking).

Goiter of the thyroid: treatment, symptoms, causes

Zob is a neoplasm, which is characterized by the growth of the thyroid gland. There are several classifications of the disease.

1. By connection with hormones: goiter that appears against a background of low levels of hormones (hypothyroid); Goiter that occurs as a result of an increased amount of hormones (hyperthyroidism); Endemic goiter - not associated with hormones, appears against a background of low levels of iodine in the body, the disease is characteristic of latitudes with iodine deficiency.
2. By the intensity of the increase in education: the diffuse goiter-gland increases evenly; Nodal - the appearance is not Uniform seals (knots); mixed.
3. By degree of disease: zero degree - no goiter; The first - the gland can be diagnosed with the help of palpation, but visually it is not visible; The second - the gland enlargement is visually visible; The third is a noticeable thickening of the neck; Fourth - a pronounced goiter that changes the contours of the neck; The fifth is a goiter that squeezes the surrounding organs.

If thyroid disease (symptoms and treatment should be determined by a doctor) is ignored, this may be the beginning of the degeneration of education into a malignant tumor. The problem should be taken very seriously. After all, cancer is much harder to treat. In addition, the disease has an increased mortality.

Symptoms of goiter

All signs of goiter are conventionally divided into biochemical and mechanical. The first is the dysfunction of hormone production, the second - the pressure of the thyroid gland on the surrounding organs as a result of its increase.

You can recognize inflammation by signs.

1. There are all or some symptoms of hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism.
2. A constant feeling of hunger.
3. Digestive system disorders.
4. Diseases of the respiratory tract.
5. Delay in mental development (in children).
6. Decreased sex drive.
7. Malfunctions of the menstrual cycle. And girls have a complete lack of it, which results in delays in puberty as a result.
8. Dryness of voice, dry cough.
9. Pain, discomfort in the throat.

When the thyroid gland inflames, the symptoms of the disease, treatment can only be determined by a qualified specialist. Therefore, do not delay the visit to the endocrinologist. Timely diagnosis will simplify the scheme of therapy and will favorably affect recovery.

Diagnosis and treatment of goiter

If a person has found one or more of the above symptoms of the disease, it is worth immediately contacting a doctor. Careful diagnosis will help to more accurately determine the treatment regimen.

So, in addition to the patient's complaints and visual examination, the endocrinologist can appoint:

1. A blood test for hormones;
2. Ultrasound diagnosis of the thyroid gland;
3. Biopsy;
4. X-ray, computed tomography.

Thanks to such studies, a more detailed picture of the disease can be made.

When the thyroid gland enlargement is insignificant, the main kind of treatment consists in correction of nutrition. These are diets with increased or decreased iodine content. It is also possible to take hormonal drugs.

With a rapid increase in goiter, drug treatment or surgery is used (removal of one or both lobes of the gland).

When the thyroid gland (goiter) is enlarged , folk remedies for the disease are among the best. Can be used alone or in addition to other methods.

Traditional methods of goiter

Since ancient times, folk medicine has been used to treat a variety of diseases, including inflammation of the thyroid gland.

• An excellent means for treating the diseases of this organ is honey with walnuts and buckwheat. Preparation: mix one glass of honey and a half cup of raw buckwheat and nuts (the latter must first be ground into flour). This mixture must be eaten throughout the day. The course of taking the medicine - every three days for two to three months.
• Infusion of young walnuts. Razdrobit green fruit (20 - 25 pcs.) Along with the shell and pour 1.5 glasses of alcohol. Insist a month, stirring occasionally. Infusion take three times a day on a teaspoon before eating.
• Sea-buckthorn ointment with iodine. Berry sea buckthorn berries so that remained cake (you can use a juicer). Paste the olive oil two weeks, after which it can be rubbed into the seals on the neck. Top of the ointment should be applied "iodine mesh".
• With any discomfort, it is useful to eat berries of chokeberry, sea cabbage, vegetable juices, especially potato. They are perfectly treated for diseases of the thyroid gland.

Treatment with folk remedies is an effective and low-budget method. Useful berries, herbs and plants can always be collected independently and be sure at the same time that there is no "chemistry" in them. And the preparation of any medical drug will not cause much trouble.

What is the thyroid cyst ?

It is a new formation on the surface of the organ, which is a capsule with a liquid. It is formed as a result of impaired circulation of prohormones in the gland follicle. The follicle grows in size and creates a cyst.

The main causes of this phenomenon are heredity, throat injuries, work with poisons and other radiation substances.

You can recognize cysts by some features.

1. Persistent or intermittent swelling in the throat.
2. Breathing, dry cough.
3. Harshness of voice.
4. Neck changes that are visually conspicuous.
5. Elevated temperature (sometimes even up to 40).
6. Pain in the neck.
7. Enlargement of lymph nodes.

The most dangerous complication of cysts is malignant tumors. The earlier the disease was diagnosed, the better.

When a thyroid cyst appears , the treatment (symptoms may be different) must be done immediately. Women are especially affected.

Diagnosis and treatment of cysts

To diagnose cysts of the thyroid gland, they use the same methods as for general organ diagnostics.

1. Blood for hormones.
2. Ultrasound, which determines the size and structure of the formations.
3. Computer tomography.
4. Biopsy - taking the contents of the capsule with a special needle. The procedure is controlled by ultrasound and conducted under general anesthesia. Further, the contents of the cysts are sent to the study under a microscope.

The cyst is a type of thyroid disease, the symptoms and treatment of which depend on the stage of neglect.

One of the methods of treating the disease is puncture. Manipulation is like taking blood from a vein. The contents of the formation are sucked off with a needle. Anesthesia is not carried out.

In addition, prescribe medications containing hormones, as well as anti-inflammatory drugs. If the contents of the cysts have pus accumulation, a course of antibiotics is mandatory.

When the cysts grow rapidly, their number increases, surgical intervention is indicated. Cysts with a diameter less than a centimeter are subject only to observation.

In the early stages, cysts that are not predisposed to cancer have a favorable prognosis. To do this, it is sufficient to make timely diagnosis and correction of hormones.

It should be remembered that for many physiological processes in the body is responsible for the thyroid gland. Therefore, with treatment should not be delayed.

Thyroid and Women's Health

"Inflamed thyroid gland, symptoms, treatment with folk remedies and medication, complications" is a topic that every woman should be familiar with. Because they suffer from the wrong work of the body.

Normal functioning of the gland affects not only activity, mood and well-being, but also the ability to endure and give birth to a healthy baby.

The disturbed balance of hormones T3 and T4 is the cause of some conditions.

• Increased palpitation, heart disease.
• Sleep disturbances.
• Sharp reduction and weight gain.
• An impaired menstrual cycle.
• Absence of menstruation.
• Premature onset of menopause.
• Infertility, which can be temporary or permanent.
• Mastopathy.
• Delayed puberty.

Thyroid disease symptoms and treatment are very different. Often the disease is cured with a balanced and balanced diet. But also often the only way out is surgery.

Prophylaxis of diseases of the gland

The best prevention of any diseases, including thyroid gland, is a healthy lifestyle and proper nutrition. Favorable effect is rendered by:

• Positive emotions, lack of stress;
• Control of iodine content in the body with the help of products and vitamins;
• Absence of carcinogens;
• Use of personal protective equipment when working with harmful substances;
• Green tea should become a favorite drink, as it removes all toxins from the body;
• Eating fresh berries, fruits and vegetables. In special respect, vegetable juices and fruit drinks.

Thyroid cancer

Goiter, which is left unattended for a long time, very often becomes the cause of malignant tumors.

One of the main signs of a thyroid tumor is a hoarse voice and dry cough. Signs of cancer for a long time may not manifest at all. And, worst of all, there are already at the stage of metastasis. In addition, this tumor - one of the few in which metastases appear early. They can spread into the lungs, bones, head and other organs.

A favorable outcome is possible with early diagnosis. People who have problems with this organ need to be observed periodically from the endocrinologist.

Treatment of thyroid cancer occurs in all known ways: surgical, chemotherapy, radiotherapy. In this case, hormone therapy is also effective.

Diseases of the thyroid gland symptoms and treatment can have different, most importantly - that was a favorable outcome.

Conclusion

The thyroid gland is an organ, although small, but "pretty", as they say. From its functioning depends the work of all physiological processes in the body. The main cause of failure in the thyroid gland is a deficiency or excess of iodine.

"Thyroid disease, symptoms, signs and treatment" is not just a common topic, but the most common deviation in the human body to date. The most terrible thing is that sometimes harmless increase of this body can become a cancerous education with a "one way ticket", as it metastasizes the gland tumor at the early stages. Therefore, it is extremely important to breach the thyroid gland, and not to miss symptoms of the disease.