Three-phase generators: characteristics, application

It is difficult to imagine modern life without electricity. This applies to the work of ordinary household appliances in the house, and the functioning of enterprises, factories, clinics. It's scary to imagine what will happen if the power supply in one city is completely turned off.

In many organizations, they try to save space or move out of town. It is known that cases of electrical power failures are frequent outside the city limits. But usually this does not scare the company, because the problem is very easy and simple to solve. Three-phase generators come to the rescue.

Different problems are solved by different devices. Depending on them, three-phase generators are selected on gasoline or diesel fuel. This is not the kind of vehicles you save. Devices must be manufactured from a well-known manufacturer, so that counterfeiting is avoided.

Gasoline Generators

Petrol units are used everywhere. This is the sphere of construction, industry, trade and so on. In general, wherever electrical power is needed.

Buying three-phase generators, one should remember about the need to provide loads at different phases. Also, the difference between electric power must be maintained, which should not be above twenty-five percent.

Gasoline units have a single-phase output voltage of 220 V and 50 Hz. This, of course, makes their possibilities even wider. But you need to understand that the power of electrical appliances should not be above a third of the output power of the engine. Otherwise the phase will skew and the technician will not start.

For modern production to work properly, it should be installed similar equipment.

Generators on diesel engine

To provide electricity to industrial facilities, three-phase diesel generators are also used. This device is installed for an autonomous source, which provides electricity to industrial facilities operating at full capacity.

Design

The diesel generator operates by converting the rotational energy of the crankshaft into alternating current.

1. Pistons start to move from the crankshaft.
2. Through the movement of the rotor, energy is transmitted.
3. As a result, an alternating magnetic field appears in the winding, which is converted into an electric current.

To obtain this result, the following mechanisms should be used:

• Diesel engine, on the quality of which the duration of the three-phase power station depends - generator manufacturers usually use aggregates of large companies;
• Systems for the functioning of the motor, including fuel supply, liquid cooling, air supply and others;
• Synchronous and asynchronous alternator;
• Various automatic devices for monitoring the switching on and off of the motor, power and so on;
• Frame for carrying out the task of the supporting structure.

The scheme of the three-phase generator is as follows:

Choosing a three-phase electric diesel station, special attention is given to the engine. The best performance will be achieved with turbocharged and air-cooled engines. These engines are not the most expensive, but they need careful maintenance.

How to choose a three-phase voltage generator

When choosing a suitable unit, it is necessary to pay attention to the quality of individual parts and to the level of protection of the device from electric shock.

As for the engine, in this case it is better not to experiment with the Chinese engines. It is better to prefer English Cummins, Perkins, German Deutz or our YMZ or MMZ.

The alternator may have different protection from electric shock. The coefficient is indicated on the marking. If there is a fifth category, then there is no possibility of penetration. Fourth means the maximum coefficient, which indicates the impossibility of penetration at any angle.

The three-phase current generator can be executed in different ways. These species are used depending on weather conditions and operating conditions.

Picking up a three-phase generator, pay attention to the manufacturer. To make the right choice, of course, you need to consult specialists so that they can pick up a model that satisfies all requests in electricity.

Power calculation

Correctly calculate the power yourself will be very problematic. Before choosing a suitable device, consider:

• Active load, that is, the coefficient of all needs for stable operation;
• Reactive load, that is, at startup power should be provided by a third more than in the standard mode.

Pros and cons of diesel engines

Diesel three-phase generators have the following advantages:

• They are cheap in operation, unlike gasoline options, and unpretentious;
• You can choose production capacity, compensating for the lack of voltage even when the equipment is running;
• Both three-phase and single-phase devices can be connected to the device.

A disadvantage is sometimes called a high installation cost. However, given the savings in maintenance, in the end, work on solar oil can be cheaper than gasoline.

Three-phase or single-phase

Electric generators can be single-phase (220 V) and three-phase (380 V). If three-phase consumers are not available, then, of course, it is worth purchasing the first option. Otherwise, they buy a three-phase voltage generator. It can deliver both 220 V and 380 V, while single-phase ones are only capable of 220 V.

If you purchase a three-phase generator, which will connect and single-phase consumers, you should consider the following:

• The load must be evenly distributed between the phases;
• Power should not differ at phases more than twenty five percent that there was no phase distortion;
• A single-phase consumer must have a load no more than a third of the power of a three-phase unit, that is, if a three-phase station has six kilowatts, then it can be connected to a device by two kilowatts;
• The closure of two or more phases must not be allowed.

Synchronous three-phase generator acquire:

• To provide power to three-phase consumers;
• Increase in power;
• Reducing the size of the input cables.

These universal devices, capable of providing different loads, require responsible care.

Diesel engines acquire the most for such industrial facilities, where it is necessary to ensure stable operation during hard operation and to achieve high productivity. They have excellent energy efficiency and meet the required quality standards.

Let's consider separate models of three-phase generators.

Gasoline unit UGB-10000ET

The device is often purchased at construction works, at production shops and in farms. It is perfect as a backup power source, if electricity is cut off in central networks.

UGB-10000ET has a four-stroke two-cylinder engine, equipped with air cooling. This engine has a low fuel consumption, low noise and vibration, and a long service life.

The long service of the unit is guaranteed by a copper coil of a large cross section (copper itself is a high-quality product smelted from ore).

Twenty-five liters of fuel is enough for a five-hour generator to work. The price of such a device is from 156 to 185 thousand rubles.

Diesel unit UGD-10000ET

Another domestic diesel generator is also suitable for various commercial purposes.

The peculiarity of the diesel engine is that it loves a constant load. Therefore, such an aggregate is purchased more for permanent operation, if the central electricity is absent or works with significant interruptions.

It is also a four-stroke twin-cylinder unit, which has air cooling and direct injection. The device is also characterized by automatic decompression, combined lubrication and a hand pump. All this makes the device exceptionally reliable, which can be used in the most difficult conditions.

The fuel tank is designed for thirty liters and can provide ten hours of operation.

The plant weighs one hundred and seventy kilograms without fuel, so it is mainly used in stationary conditions, although this generator can also easily move. Its price is slightly higher: from 193 to 237 thousand rubles.