The sense organs of animals (fish and insects)

Like humans, the sense organs of animals are well developed. Only some have more developed hearing, others have eyesight. Animals use them to determine everything that is happening around. Animals that lead an exceptionally nocturnal lifestyle (cats, owls, mice) can use their eyesight to increase even the weakest light. And those who live in constant darkness (cave salamanders, moles) are characterized by a small size of the eyes or their absence. Smell, taste, hearing - all these senses in animals have. And they help them survive in the cruel world of the environment.

Sense organs in fish

The sense organs in the fish are approximately the same as in the other vertebrate animals, only in their structure there are significant differences that are caused by adaptation to the mysterious life in the water. In addition to the five standard sense organs, the fish have a so-called "sixth sense", which was lost by terrestrial animals. And this is a kind of lateral line organ.

With the help of indispensable organs of taste, olfactory fish remarkably feel the slightest changes occurring in the environment, the concentration of hydrogen sulphide, and also carbon dioxide, etc. Fish can distinguish the nature of the nearest ground, feel touch, and even feel pain. The entire complex of these effects is perceived by those sensory cells that are located in the skin and internal organs.

Fish organs of smell are closely located in the nostrils, which are not through the fish, but are slightly similar to small two-faced cones, located on both sides of the snout. The acuteness of their sense of smell is extremely high, especially in soma, burbot.

The organs of taste of fish are some clusters of sensory cells called taste buds. They are numerous in fish throat, oral cavity, on antennae, gill arches, chin and even in the skin of the body.

The temperature sensory organs in animals, especially in fish, are very finely developed. It has been experimentally established that fish can distinguish such subtle fluctuations in the amount of heat that are equal to one hundredths of a degree. But such a sharp sensitivity from nature is peculiar only to underwater animals. Changes in temperature can be perceived only by special nerve cells that are located in the skin at points of cold and heat.

Organs of the lateral line uniquely play a huge role in the daily life of fish:

- help them withstand a specific, definite distance from each other in the pack;

- help to navigate;

- help to feel the approach of enemies or, conversely, feed organisms.

Hearing organs also perceive almost all the vibrations of the aquatic environment, but only more harmonic, high-frequency or sound.

Fishes are by nature shortsighted. After all, the light in the water does not spread well. Their eyes are always open, since there is no age. The eye lens is spherical, which perfectly allows to catch a large number of useful light rays. The field of vision is large enough. But thus each eye gives its own image, that is, the vision of fish is monocular. It is peculiar to fish and to distinguish colors.

The sensory organs of insects

The sight of insects is of great importance in their life. The main features of the vision are due to the eye facet structure. Insects are by nature shortsighted - an accessible area of their clear vision does not exceed 1-2 cm. They see perfectly color and movement, including ultraviolet.

Perception of odor makes insects a special stereochemical feeling. Sensitive cells in insects (those that perceive the smell) are located almost everywhere on the antennae (and on the legs or other appendages). Each antennae can move independently, so the insect smell is perceived along with the direction and space, for them it is such a single feeling - a voluminous smell.

These are the sense organs of animals. All of them are very different and very interesting.