The population of Novorossiysk. Ecology, districts, city economy

The largest transport hub of Russia on the Black Sea coast is Novorossiysk, which has a long and interesting history. But perhaps the main wealth of the city is its population. Novorossiysk is a city of military glory, it has repeatedly proved that its inhabitants are a courageous people.

Geographical position

In the south of Russia, Novorossiysk is located on the eastern coast of the Black Sea. The sea is the main advantage of the geographical location of the settlement. On it, people move and transport goods, it provides food, and it is a powerful tourist and recreational resource. Novorossiysk is located in a convenient Tsemesskaya bay. From the coastline, he climbs the amphitheater to the foot of the Caucasus Mountains. The Navahir Range forms the south-eastern border of the city. The highest point of Novorossiysk in the southeast is the 447-meter-high Koldun mountain. The northern boundary of the city lies at the foot of the Markotkh ridge with the highest point in the city - Sugar Loaf Mountain (558 m). Novorossiysk is not rich in fresh water resources. Within the city there is a small river Tsemes, and in 14 km from the settlement there is a large fresh lake Abrau. The relief of the city is created by terraces, by which it rises from the shore to the foot of the mountains.

Climate and weather

Mountain peaks reliably protect Novorossiysk from continental air masses and create a special microclimate here. By its characteristics, it is close to the Mediterranean. In summer, tropical weather reigns here, and in winter the climate is temperate latitudes. The summer season here is characterized by warm weather (average temperature is plus 22 degrees) with a small amount of precipitation. It lasts from the end of May to the end of September. In winter, it is often observed such a natural phenomenon as winds of boron or northeast. They bring a sharp drop in temperature and unusually thick fogs. The winter season lasts from December to February.

City `s history

People in Tsemesskaya Bay began to settle in the 5th century BC. Here existed the city of Bath, which was raided by invaders and was destroyed by the Alans in the 2nd century BC. Then, for several centuries, these lands passed from hand to hand to different tribes and peoples. In 1453 the Turks settle here, who are preparing for war with Russia and are building the Sujuk fortress here. While the Russian troops capture the territories of the Crimea and the Black Sea coast, the Turks are heavily defending Sudzhuk. In 1791 the troops of the Russian Empire manages to capture this impregnable fortress. The Russians blow up the structure in 1812, so that the Turks could never restore it. Only in 1829 Tsemesskaya Bay was officially recognized as Russian property.

For Russia this place was strategically important, and therefore it was decided to build here a base for the Black Sea Imperial Fleet. From this moment a new history of the settlement begins, the city is filled mainly by the Russian-speaking population. Novorossiysk begins to strengthen, as it continued to threaten the invaders. In the middle of the 19th century, the city was almost wiped off the face of the earth as a result of attempts by the Anglo-French squadron to seize it. But he was heroically reborn. During the October Revolution of 1917 and the Civil War, Novorossiysk again becomes a field for constant fighting. Great hostilities were fought in the city and during the Second World War. Novorossiisk withstood several attacks and blockades, but stood firm. After the war, active restoration of the city begins, in 1973 the city was awarded the honorary title of the Hero City.

Population

Since 1853, a relatively regular count of the population of the city. That year, 960 people lived here. Historical milestones of the city's development led to the fact that the settlement developed, and the population also grew. Novorossiysk is steadily growing and today there are almost 267 thousand people living here. Declines in the number of residents of the city were observed during the Second World War, and in the first decade of the 21st century. Even the all-Russian recession of the early 1990s was without a reduction in the number of inhabitants. This suggests that Novorossiysk has a certain attraction for residents who come and stay here for a long time.

Districts of the city

The area of Novorossiysk is 81 square kilometers. It stretches along the coastline. Today Tsemesskaya bay is rather densely built up, and the city has only one possibility of growth - it is an extension of the settlement, mainly due to the development of the eastern and southern parts. Officially allocated are such areas of Novorossiysk as the Southern, Primorsky, Central and Eastern. The oldest part of the city - Primorsky district, includes several historical settlements that have preserved their names: Borisovka, Vasilievka, Kirillovka, Vladimirovka, Glebovskoye, Ubykh and South Ozereevka.

The youngest, most promising and prestigious is the Southern District. The development here combines large modern complexes of multi-storey houses with cottage housing. The center, in which administrative, trade and entertainment organizations are concentrated, is the Central District. Here the most expensive housing, good infrastructure for life. The Primorsky region is a "continental" part of the city, the most remote from the coast. The main type of buildings here is manors, i.e. Small private houses with an adjacent plot with a garden and a garden. There are also multi-storey buildings, but they are much smaller. In spirit, this area strongly resembles the traditional Kuban villages. The eastern region is an industrial zone. Housing here is mainly built along the coast, the rest of the district is industrial enterprises, a port, transportation facilities.

Ecology of the city

Like many southern settlements, Novorossiysk as a whole has a bad ecological situation. The state of the city is affected by the amount of transport and industrial emissions. The most unfavorable area of the city is the East with almost constant smog due to numerous industrial enterprises. The South is the most prosperous, where there are no production organizations at all. For the whole city the problem is a large number of transport. Novorossiysk does not have the ability to skip moving streams away from residential areas, and the gas content here is very high. Also, the environmental problem is the seasonal increase in the population, which leads to the fact that in summer the city does not cope with the increasing amount of debris.

Economy of Novorossiysk

The city is a large industrial center of the south of Russia. The economy of the settlement depends on the functioning of large industrial enterprises. For Novorossiysk, the most important in the economic aspect are 5 cement plants, which makes the city the leader of this industry in the entire southern part of the country. Also a large contribution to the economy of the city is made by such large employers of Novorossiysk as a radio factory "Priboy", factories "Molot" and "Novorosmetall". A prominent role in the economy is played by the port with numerous adjoining enterprises. In Novorossiysk, the sphere of service and trade, the processing industry and the wine industry are well developed.

Employment

The Employment Center of the population (Novorossiysk) monitors work activity and involvement of city residents. The economic crisis has had a negative impact on the employment of the population, and unemployment rates have slightly increased. However, Novorossiysk quite favorably differs from many cities of the Kuban, and here the lowest level of people looking for work is recorded. In Krasnodar Krai in 2016, the unemployment rate is 0.8%, in the Hero City, according to the Employment Center of the population (Novorossiysk), it keeps at the level of 0.6%, and on average in the country - 1.3% of the unemployed to the general Number of able-bodied population.

Infrastructure of the city

Features of the geographical location of the city make it a great transport hub, which has two consequences. First, there is very good transport communication for both domestic and foreign traffic. Secondly, the city is increasingly in traffic jams, and this greatly affects the population. Novorossiysk can not yet solve the problem of transport collapse, which overtakes the city every day during peak hours.

This is due to the fact that the main movement can not pass the Soviet street, where the main congestion is created. The roads of Novorossiysk are in quite good condition, thanks to the services of the city.

Household and cultural infrastructure of the city is well developed, although it is distributed unevenly by districts.