HealthMedicine

The location of lymph nodes on the human body, their functions

One of the most branched and numerous (in terms of organs) systems is the lymphatic system. In man, the location of lymph nodes, like other organs, is not accidental. Let us consider what functions the entire system and its constituent organs and links perform. The lymph node is the organ of the lymphatic system responsible for self-purifying lymph that flows through the channels from the human organs. In shape these nodes can be different: globular, oval, oblong and in the form of a chain. Getting into the lymph node, the lymph contains harmful impurities and particles of pathogenic microorganisms. The node undergoes a complex biochemical reaction that destroys them and cleanses the lymph.

How many lymph nodes do you have in a person? You will not believe, but there are 150 groups. The group can be from a few pieces to dozens of lymph nodes. It is easy to calculate that the total quantity is about 1000 pieces. In addition to form and quantity, these nodes still have different sizes. According to statistics, the sizes can vary from 0.5 to 20 millimeters. Lymph itself is a light (often white) thick liquid. A lymph node - a light gray color. However, these characteristics are inherent in a healthy body. If there is any inflammatory process, then changes occur in the lymph nodes. Sometimes it is accompanied by pain in the usual state, sometimes - when touching or pressing the knot, and sometimes just a strong swelling (noticeable to the naked eye).

In all people, regardless of gender, the location of the lymph nodes is the same. This makes it possible to perform an accurate diagnosis regardless of sexual characteristics. It should be noted that at different ages and depending on the sex, lymph nodes have different shapes and sizes. Lymph nodes are located mainly near the vital human centers - near the veins and arteries, the main interchanges and especially important organs. In its way, these are sensors that combine the function of filters. There are 18 main types of lymph nodes, depending on the location on the body. All of them perform the same function of purification and creation of immunological cells for the whole organism (by binding to the organ or system).

The location of the lymph nodes by their position on the body from top to bottom:

1. Area of the mouth: lymphoepithelial ring;

2. Neck area: ear, occipital, cervical and supracond;

3. Shoulder area: connective, thoracic and axillary;

4. The area of the breast: intrathoracic and bronchopulmonary;

5. Abdominal region: splenic, mesenteric and para-aortic;

6. Elbow area: ulnar;

7. Groin area: abdominal, inguinal and femoral;

8. The knee area: popliteal.

As can be seen, the location of the lymph nodes is quite extensive and covers the entire body of a person. This location allows you to control not only internal processes, but also the external activity of a person. In other words, an inflammation of the lymph node can be both from the inflammatory process, and from a dislocation or fracture. Infectious diseases that lead to an increase in lymph nodes are sexual diseases, putrefaction processes, tuberculosis and ARVI. With tumor diseases, lymph nodes can not only swell, but also become denser. Often inspection in part of the condition of the lymph nodes is carried out by simple palpation, i.e. Tactile method.

In case of suspicion of serious illness, sudden inflammation or an additional general examination, if it is difficult to make any diagnosis, ultrasound of the lymph nodes is prescribed. The procedure of ultrasound is to examine the main groups of lymph nodes. The picture of the internal organs and the geometrical dimensions of the nodes are displayed on the monitor. According to them (adjusted for sex and age), it is determined whether the parameters are normal or not. This method allows you to identify what X-rays or other tests do not show. And since the group's reaction is related to the location of neighboring organs, the disease is determined by the exception method.

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