The feat of Zoe Kosmodemyanskoy: a summary. The immortal feat of Zoe Kosmodemyanskoy

In 2015, the whole of humanity will celebrate the end of one of the most terrible wars in its history. Especially a lot of suffering in the early 1940s fell on the Soviet people, and it was the inhabitants of the USSR who showed the world examples of unprecedented heroism, staunchness and love for the Motherland. For example, to this day Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya's exploit, whose history is summarized below, is not forgotten.

Prehistory

November 17, 1941, when the Nazis were on the outskirts of Moscow, it was decided to use Scythian tactics in relation to the invaders. In this connection, an order was issued that ordered the destruction of all settlements in the rear of the enemy in order to deprive him of the opportunity to overwinter in comfortable conditions. To execute the order from among the fighters of the special guerrilla unit 9903, in the shortest time, several diversionary groups were formed. This military unit, specially created at the end of October 1941, consisted mainly of Komsomol volunteers, who were strictly selected. In particular, a conversation was held with each of the young people, and they were warned that they would have to carry out tasks involving a deadly risk.

A family

Before telling who Kosmodemyanskaya Zoya Anatolievna was, whose feat made her a symbol of the heroism of the Soviet people, it is worthwhile to learn a few interesting facts about her parents and other ancestors. So, the first woman, who received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union during the Second World War, was born into a family of teachers. However, for a long time, the fact that the ancestors of the girl on the paternal line were clergymen hid. It is interesting that in 1918 her grandfather, who was a priest in the church in the village of Osino-Gai, where Zoya was born, brutally tortured and drowned the Bolsheviks in the pond. The Kosmodemyansky family spent some time in Siberia, as the girl's parents feared arrest, but soon returned and settled in the capital. Three years later father Zoya died, and he and his brother were in the care of their mother.

Biography

Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, all the truth and lies about the feat of which became known to the public relatively recently, was born in 1923 year. After returning from Siberia, she studied at school No. 201 in Moscow and was especially fond of humanitarian subjects. The girl's dream was to enter the Literary Institute, but she had a completely different destiny. In 1940, Zoya suffered a severe form of meningitis and underwent a rehabilitation course at a specialized sanatorium in Sokolniki, where she met Arkady Gaidar.

When in 1941, a set of volunteers was announced for the guerrilla unit of 9903, Kosmodemyanskaya was one of the first to go on an interview and successfully passed it. After that, she and about 2,000 other Komsomol members were sent to special courses, and then transferred to Volokolamsk district.

The feat of Zoe Kosmodemyanskoy: a summary

On November 18, the commanders of two subversive groups of HF No. 9903 P. Provorov and B. Krainov were ordered to destroy 10 settlements located in the rear of the enemy during the week. The first of them went to the task and the Red Army soldier Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya. The groups were fired at by Germans near the village of Golovkovo, and because of heavy losses they had to unite under the command of Krajnova. Thus, the feat of Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya was committed in late autumn 1941. More precisely, on her last assignment to the village Petrishchevo, the girl went on the night of November 27, along with the group commander and fighter Vasily Klubkov. They set fire to three houses with stables, destroying 20 horses of the occupants. In addition, later the witnesses told about another feat of Zoe Kosmodemyanskaya. It turns out that the girl managed to disable the communication center, which made it impossible for the interaction of some German units occupying positions near Moscow.

Captivity

The investigation of the events that took place in Petrishchev at the end of November 1941 showed that Krainov did not wait for Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya and Vasily Klubkov and returned to his own. The girl herself, not finding her friends at the agreed place, decided to independently continue the execution of the order and again went to the village on the evening of November 28. This time, she failed to carry out the arson, since she was captured by the peasant S. Sviridov and handed over to the Germans. Fascists, furious with constant diversions, began to torture the girl, trying to find out from her how many more guerrillas are operating in the Petrishchevo area. Investigators and historians, whose subject matter was the immortal feat of Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, also found that she was beaten by two local women, whose houses she set on fire the day before she was captured.

Execution

On the morning of November 29, 1941 Kosmodemianskaya was brought to the place where the gallows was erected. Not her neck hung a sign with the inscription in German and Russian, which said that the girl is the arsonist of houses. On the way to Zoya attacked one of the peasants who were left without a house for her fault, and struck her with a stick on her legs. Then several German soldiers began photographing the girl. Subsequently, the peasants, who were driven to see the execution of the saboteur, told investigators about another feat of Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya. The summary of their testimonies is as follows: before she was thrown a loop around her neck, the fearless patriot said a short speech in which she called to fight the fascists, and ended her words about the invincibility of the Soviet Union. The girl's body was on the gallows for about a month and was buried by local residents only on the eve of the New Year.

Recognition of heroism

As already mentioned, immediately after Petrishchev was released, a special commission arrived there. The purpose of her arrival was to identify the corpse and question those who personally saw the feat of Zoe Kosmodemyanskaya. In short, all the testimonies were recorded on paper and sent to Moscow for further investigation. After studying these and other materials, Stalin personally was posthumously awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union. The order was published by all the newspapers that were published in the USSR, and the whole country learned about it.

"Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya", MM Gorinov. New details about the feat

After the collapse of the USSR, a lot of "sensational" articles appeared in the press, in which everything was blackened. This cup did not pass away and Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya. As Mikhail Gorinov, a well-known researcher of Russian and Soviet history, notes, one of the reasons for this was the silence and falsification of certain facts of the biography of a brave girl in the Soviet period from ideological considerations. In particular, since it was considered a disgrace to be captured by a Red Army soldier, including Zoya, the version that she was given out by her partner, Vasily Klubkov, was put into circulation. During the first interrogations, this young man did not say anything about this. But then suddenly he decided to confess and told me that he had indicated her whereabouts to the Germans in exchange for life. And this is just one example of manipulation of facts in order not to tarnish the image of the heroine-martyr, although Zoya's feat did not need such an adjustment at all.

Thus, when cases of falsification and silence of the truth became known to the general public, some grief-journalists in the pursuit of cheap sensations began to present them in a distorted form. In particular, in order to belittle the feat of Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, whose history is summarized above, she began to emphasize that she was taking a course of therapy in a sanatorium specializing in the treatment of nervous diseases. And, as in the children's game "spoiled phone," from publication to publication, the diagnosis changed. So, if in the first "exposing" articles it was written that the girl was unbalanced, then in the subsequent it began to be called almost a schizophrenic, which even before the war repeatedly set fire to haystacks.

Now you know what the feat of Zoe Kosmodemyanskaya was, briefly and without emotions, which is difficult to tell about. After all, no one can remain indifferent to the fate of an 18-year-old girl who has martyred for the liberation of her Motherland.