The drug "Ciprofloxacin": an antibiotic or not? Solution, injections, eye drops and ear "Ciprofloxacin"

Is the drug Ciprofloxacin an antibiotic or not? This question is most often of interest to those patients who, after receiving the appropriate doctor's appointment, seek additional information, since they do not want to fight the consequences of taking the antibiotic. The answer you can find in the materials of this article. We will also tell you in detail about what this medicine is intended for, in what forms it can be used, what is included in its composition, whether the drug has side effects, what contraindications should be known and how to apply the remedy correctly.

Forms of release, package of medicament and its composition

Before you tell us about the drug "Ciprofloxacin" (antibiotic or not, you'll find out a little later), you need to tell us in what form it can be purchased at the pharmacy.

Currently, this drug can be bought in three different forms. Let us consider them in more detail.

1. In liquid form, the drug "Ciprofloxacin" is a solution for infusions. The active component of this agent is ciprofloxacin hydrochloride. The drug is sold in 100 ml bottles.
2. Tablets "Ciprofloxacin". Photo of the medicine is presented below. Its active element is also ciprofloxacin hydrochloride. One tablet can contain 500 and 250 mg of drug substance. In the sale of the product comes in cardboard packages of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 or 100 tablets.
3. Another liquid form of the drug "Ciprofloxacin" - drops of the eye and ear. This is a local 0.3% remedy that contains an active ingredient such as ciprofloxacin hydrochloride. In the sale of the product comes in bottles of droppers for 5 or 3 ml (placed in a cardboard box).

Pharmacological characteristics of the drug

What is the drug "Ciprofloxacin"? An antibiotic or not? According to the instructions attached to this remedy, this medication is an antimicrobial drug with a wide spectrum of action. It belongs to the group of fluoroquinolones.

The agent acts bactericidal, inhibiting an enzyme such as bacterial DNA-gyrase, which is why DNA replication is actually violated , as well as the synthesis of cell proteins of harmful microorganisms. It should also be noted that the medication in question can well affect both the reproducing bacteria and the microorganisms at rest.

With respect to which bacteria is the drug "Ciprofloxacin" effective? The action of this agent is directed to gram-negative aerobic microorganisms and gram-positive ones. One can not help saying that most staphylococci that are resistant to methicillin have a resistance to ciprofloxacin.

It should also be noted that streptococci and enterococci are moderately sensitive to the drug.

Pharmacokinetics of the drug

Solution for infusions

In what cases is this medication prescribed as an injection? "Ciprofloxacin" is used for injection only when the patient can not take oral forms of the drug, and also if the maximum therapeutic effect is required.

After intravenous infusions, the highest concentration of the drug is achieved after about 60 minutes. The solution is well distributed over the tissues of the body. In this case, it does not fall on the sites rich in fats.

The content of the drug in the tissues is 5-11 times higher than in the plasma. Therapeutic concentrations of the agent are found in tonsils, saliva, gall bladder, liver, intestine, bile, pelvic organs, abdominal cavity, seminal fluid, uterus, endometrium, prostate tissues, ovaries, kidneys, fallopian tubes, urinary organs, bronchial secretion, pulmonary tissue , Muscles, bone tissue, synovial and peritoneal fluids, articular cartilage and skin integument.

In the cerebrospinal fluid the drug penetrates into a small volume. At the same time, its concentration is about 7-10% (in comparison with serum) in non-inflamed meninges and about 15-37% with inflamed.

The drug "Ciprofloxacin", the photo of which you can see in this article, penetrates well into the bronchial secretion, lymph, eye fluid, peritoneum, pleura, and also through the placenta. The activity of the medicament decreases somewhat at low pH values.

The drug is metabolized in the liver (about 15-30%) with the formation of inactive metabolites. With the intravenous route of ingestion, the elimination half-life is 5-6 hours. The remedy is mainly kidney in unmodified form and in the form of metabolites.

Pills

Most often, patients are prescribed oral administration of "Ciprofloxacin". In this case, the active substance of the tablets is rapidly absorbed from the digestive tract. Bioavailability of the drug is approximately 50-86%. Its maximum serum concentration is reached after approximately 1-1.6 hours.

Orally taken medication is distributed in body fluids and tissues. Its high concentrations are found in the lungs, bile, kidneys, gall bladder, seminal fluid, liver, uterus, tonsils, prostate tissues, fallopian tubes, endometrium and ovaries. In addition, the drug "Ciprofloxacin" well penetrates into the bones, eye fluid, saliva, bronchial secretions, muscles, skin, peritoneum, pleura and lymph.

In cerebrospinal fluid, the drug is detected in a small amount (in comparison with serum, the concentration is about 6-10%).

The main organ of excretion of the drug from the body are the kidneys.

Drops

What is the pharmacokinetics of the local ciprofloxacin? Ear drops (as well as eye drops) are prescribed to patients less often. After use, the maximum concentration of the active ingredient is less than 5 ng / ml.

The drug "Ciprofloxacin": indications for use

Depending on this or that form of release, this medication can be prescribed for different diseases. Consider the testimony to the application in more detail.

Tablets and solution for infusions

These forms of medication are prescribed for infectious and inflammatory diseases, which were caused by microorganisms sensitive to ciprofloxacin.

Thus, this drug is used to treat the respiratory tract, ear, nose and throat, urinary tract and kidneys, genitals, digestive system (including teeth, mouth and jaws), bile ducts, mucous membranes, skin, gall bladder, Musculoskeletal and soft tissues. It should also be noted that this medication is indicated for the therapy of peritonitis and sepsis. In addition, it is used to treat and prevent infections in people with reduced immunity (during therapy with immunosuppressants).

Eye drops

In ophthalmology, the remedy is used for infectious and inflammatory eye diseases. Such deviations include blepharitis, keratitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, keratoconjunctivitis, bacterial corneal ulcer, subacute and acute conjunctivitis, meibomite (or so-called "barley") and chronic dacryocystitis. In addition, the drops of "Ciprofloxacin" are used to treat infectious eye damage after ingress of foreign bodies or injuries. It should also be noted that this drug is often prescribed for pre- and postoperative prevention of infectious complications in ophthalmic surgery.

Ear drops

In otorhinolaryngology, this drug can be prescribed for external otitis, as well as for the treatment of postoperative complications of an infectious nature.

Contraindications to the use of the product

In what cases is it forbidden to use the drug "Ciprofloxacin"? Analogues and the drug itself under no circumstances can be administered under the following conditions:

• With pseudomembranous colitis ;
• With deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase;
• During pregnancy;
• In childhood to 18 years (until the completion of the formation of the skeleton);
• With hypersensitivity to the drug or other agents from the group of fluoroquinolones;
• During lactation.

It should also be noted that with special care this medication is prescribed for patients with severe atherosclerosis of the brain vessels (head), cerebrovascular disorders, mental illness, convulsive syndrome, severe renal / hepatic insufficiency, epilepsy, and elderly patients.

Instructions for use of the medicinal product

Depending on the form of release of the drug, it can be administered in a different dosage. Which one, we will tell right now.

Tablets "Ciprofloxacin"

Analogues of the drug and this remedy can be assigned in different volumes. It depends on the severity of the disease, the state of the patient's body, the type of infection, the weight of the patient and his age, and also the characteristics of the kidneys. Recommended dosages for oral administration (500 and 250 mg each) can be as follows:

1. In diseases of the respiratory tract, or rather their lower divisions (moderate severity), 250 mg twice a day (in severe cases, 500 mg).
2. In uncomplicated diseases of the urinary tract and kidneys - 250 mg twice a day (in complicated cases - 500 mg).
3. For the treatment of gonorrhea - a single dose in a dosage of 500 or 250 mg.
4. With gynecological abnormalities, colitis, enteritis, prostatitis, osteomyelitis (with severe course) - 500 mg twice a day.

According to the instruction, the medicine should be taken only on an empty stomach, washed down with a clean liquid. Patients with severe renal dysfunction are prescribed ½ the dosage of the drug. The duration of therapy with this remedy depends on the severity of the disease. However, treatment should continue for at least 2 days after the disappearance of signs of the disease. As a rule, the duration of treatment with this drug is 7-10 days.

Solution for infusions

How should I use the Ciprofloxacin solution? Analogues of this drug and the drug itself should be administered intravenously drip for half an hour (at a dosage of 200 mg).

It should be especially noted that the solution for infusion can be combined with 10% glucose solution, 0.9% sodium chloride solution, 10% fructose solution and Ringer's solution.

Single dose of the drug is 200 mg. If the patient has severe infections, then 400 mg. Multiplicity of drug administration - twice a day. The duration of therapy is usually 1-2 weeks. If necessary, the course of treatment can be increased.

Ophthalmic (0.3%) drops

Eye drops "Ciprofloxacin" for children under one year of use is prohibited. In other cases, it is quietly applied topically. With moderately severe and easy infection, the drug is buried in the conjunctival sac of the affected eye, 1-2 drops every 4 hours. With a serious infection, the dosage remains the same, but the medicine should be instilled every hour. After the patient's condition is improved, the volume and frequency of instillations are reduced.

With the ulcer of the cornea (bacterial), the medication is prescribed 1 drop every ¼ hour for 6 hours. Then - 1 drop every half hour. On the second day - 1 drop every hour. From 3 to 14 days - 1 drop every 4 hours.

If after two weeks of therapy epithelization has not occurred, then the treatment is allowed to continue.

Ear (0.3%) drops

How in the otorhinolaryngology is used the drug "Ciprofloxacin"? Ear drops are used only after the external ear canal is thoroughly cleaned. Before use, the preparation must be warmed to body temperature in order to avoid vestibular stimulation.

The drug is buried in the ear canal in a volume of 3-4 drops 2-4 times a day (can be more often). After instillation, the patient should lie on the opposite side for 5-11 minutes.

If necessary, after a local cleansing of the ear, you can put a cotton swab soaked in a solution of "Ciprofloxacin" in it. By the way, he must be in the passage to the next procedure.

The duration of therapy with this drug should not exceed 5-11 days. Sometimes treatment can be prolonged. But this is only if the local flora is too sensitive.

Is the drug an antibiotic?

Medication "Ciprofloxacin" - an antibiotic or not? Referring to the group of fluoroquinolones, this drug is a synthetic antibacterial agent. In view of this, it is not an antibiotic, since these substances are of exclusively natural origin.

Adverse Reactions

Does the side effect of the drug "Ciprofloxacin"? For children and adults, he should be appointed only according to the testimony. This is due to the fact that such a drug has a fairly large number of side effects. Most often they are manifested in the digestive tract (vomiting, abdominal pain, nausea, flatulence, diarrhea), from the nervous system (fatigue, tremor, dizziness, insomnia, headache), sensations (tinnitus, smell , Change in color perception), as well as from the hemopoietic, urinary and musculoskeletal systems. Also, treatment with "Ciprofloxacin" can trigger the appearance of allergic reactions (itchy skin, papules, urticaria, dyspnea, blisters, face swelling, eosinophilia, nodal erythema and others).

Analogues of the facility and its cost

The price of the drug "Ciprofloxacin" is very low, and it is about 30-50 Russian rubles. And this cost applies to all forms of medicine. But what if, for one reason or another, the "Ciprofloxacin" agent does not suit you? Analogs of this drug are always available in pharmacies. These include drugs such as Citrase, Alzipro, Ecocil, Afenoxin, Tsiprex, Tsifrazid, Basijen, Tsifran, Betaciprol, Tsifloksinal, Vero Ciprofloxacin, Cyteral, Zindolin-250, Isfipro, Ciprofloxabol, Quintor, Tsiprosol, Quipro, Tsiprosin, Liprochin, Ciprosan, Microfloq, Cipropan, Oftotsipro, Tsipronat, Protsipro, Tsiprolet, Recipro, Tsiprolakar, Sifloks, Tsiprodoks, Tseprova, Tsiprobrin, Tsiloksan, Ciprobid "," Ziplox "," Cyprinol "and others.

It should be noted that the price of these funds is not much higher than the cost of the original drug. Therefore, you will not find any difficulty in purchasing a medicine to treat a particular disease.

Let's sum up the results

Now you know what the drug "Ciprofloxacin" is. I would like to especially note that it can only be used according to the indications and prescription of the attending physician.