Technologies of teaching in pedagogy

The concept of "learning technology" appeared in pedagogy in the 50s of the last century. Initially, "pedagogical technology" was related to learning, and the technology itself represented training through various technical means. That is why many specialists distinguish the modern stage in pedagogical technology, which means the transition from traditional media (television, radio) to the so-called new technologies. New pedagogical training technologies are computers, microelectronic and laser devices, computerized storage systems, communication channels , etc.

Teaching technologies in pedagogy are a set of methods, forms, educational tools and teaching methods that are systematically used in the educational process. This is one of the significant ways to influence the learning, upbringing and development of the student. On the other hand, teaching technologies in pedagogy represent a whole science about the ways that the teacher uses to influence students through technical or information means. Each teacher can be considered the creator of technology, let this creation and will be with borrowing. For a teacher who has learned to handle technology, in his developing state the main process is the cognitive process.

Classification of pedagogical technologies

Studying the pedagogical literature, one can notice that the teaching technologies in pedagogy are classified in different ways. Below, the method of classification of G.K. Selevko, which is the most famous in pedagogical science, will be carried out.

· Depending on the level, such technologies as general pedagogical, private methods and local technologies are singled out.

· The following technologies are distinguished on the philosophical basis: dialectical and metaphysical, idealistic and materialistic, religious and scientific, theosophical and anthroposophical, existentialist and pragmatic, antihuman and humanistic, coercion and free education.

· On the main factor of mental development: psychogenic, sociogenic, biogenic, idylistic.

· By orientation to personal structures - technologies of self-development, information technologies, emotional-artistic, emotional-moral, heuristic and incoming.

· By the nature of the structure and content - educating and teaching, religious and secular, technocratic and humanitarian, complex and penetrating, adolescent, private, as well as monotechnologies.

· On the type of management and organization of cognitive activity - classical lecture education, training with the help of audiovisual technical means, teaching with the help of the curriculum, program training, and also the system of "small groups", "consultant", "tutor".

It should be noted that the important aspect of pedagogical technologies is the relationship of adults to the child, as well as the place (position) of the child in the educational process. Proceeding from this, the following technologies of teaching in pedagogy stand out:

· Authoritarian - the teacher acts as the sole subject of the learning process, the student has only an "object".

· Didactocentric - the subject-object relationship dominates between the teacher and the student, with the pre-education pre-eminent.

· Personally oriented learning technologies - the child's personality, the provision of conflict-free, safe and comfortable conditions for its development are at the center of the entire educational system. Personality of the child, based on this technology, the subject is a priority.

Humane-personal relations are a humanistic entity, a psychotherapeutic focus on personal support.

· Cooperation technologies - democracy, partnership, equality in subject relations between the student and the teacher.

· Technologies of free education - focus on providing the student with independence and freedom of choice in the sphere of his life.

· Esoteric technologies - they are based on the teachings of esoteric knowledge - the truth and the ways that lead to it.