Technical measures when working in electrical installations. Rules for the technical operation of electrical installations

The production of work in electrical installations should be carried out in accordance with the necessary requirements. The instructions have been approved on the basis of existing industry regulations. Let's consider further technical measures at work in electric installations.

Primary requirements

Technical measures in electrical installations are carried out in a certain order. First of all, necessary shutdowns are performed and measures are taken to prevent the transfer of voltage to the site in the event of self-contained or erroneous activation of switching equipment. Rules for the technical operation of thermal electrical installations prescribe the use of prohibitory posters. They are hung out on remote keys and hand drives for switching devices.

On the current-carrying parts, the absence of voltage is checked. These elements must be grounded to avoid electric shock to people. It is necessary to include earthing knives. Maintenance of electrical installations must be in accordance with the warning and prescriptive posters. Sites and current-carrying parts that remain under stress must be protected. These technical measures when working in electrical installations are carried out depending on the conditions after or before grounding.

Specificity

Rules for the technical operation of electrical installations regulate the number of people carrying out the above actions. When conducting operational activities by two or more persons during the shift, they are performed by two persons.

Technical measures for work in electrical installations, except for some of them, can be performed by one person in case of single-purpose activity. It is forbidden for one person to carry out a superimposition of a portable grounding and to perform switching performed at 2 or more connections at a voltage of more than 1000 V in the event that there are no active interlocking devices of the disconnectors that operate in case of incorrect actions.

Disconnects

Technical measures when working on electrical installations include de-energizing:

1. Current-carrying parts on which the activity will be carried out.
2. Unrestrained elements conducting a current, to which people can approach.

If there is no possibility of making a trip, the current-carrying elements must be protected. At voltages greater than 1000 V from all directions, from which the switching device can be supplied , a discontinuity must be viewed, which is formed by disconnection or removal of wires and busbars, fuses, disconnection of disconnectors, switches and load separators, except for those in which automatic switching is carried out by means of springs, Installed on the apparatus. Technical measures when working in electrical installations also presuppose the de-energization of transformers (power and other) that are connected with the site of operation. This eliminates the reverse transformation.

Requirements for equipment

In electrical installations with a voltage in excess of 1000 V, in order to avoid spontaneous or erroneous activation of switching devices, by means of which a current can be applied to the section, it must be:

1. Locked to the mechanical lock are manual drives at switches, separators and disconnectors.
2. Locked fences at the switching devices controlled by the operational bar are locked.
3. Disconnectors, switches, load separators equipped with remote control are disconnected from the current circuit and power circuits. In pneumatic devices, in addition, the valve must be closed on the mechanical lock on the compressed air supply pipe. The drain plugs are left in the open position.
4. The inactive springs or load of the respective actuators are deactivated.

Preventing Incorrect Inclusion

The necessary measures are taken in accordance with the requirements contained in the instruction manual for distribution switchgear. According to the regulations, in devices with a voltage of 6-10 kV equipped with single-pole disconnectors, rubber caps for knives can be worn to prevent an erroneous connection. In electrical installations up to 1000 V with current-carrying elements, where work is to be carried out, it is necessary to remove the voltage from all sides by de-energizing switching devices equipped with manual drives. If there are fuses in the circuit, the disconnection is effected by removing them. If they are absent, de-energizing is carried out:

1. Locking doors or cabinet handles.
2. The shelter of the buttons.
3. Installation of insulating covers between contacts and so on.

It is also permissible to remove the voltage by a switching device that is equipped with remote control, if the wires are disconnected by the switching coil. If the nature of the work and the design features of the devices allow, then the above measures may be replaced by embedding or detaching the ends of the wires, the cable from them or from the equipment with which further action will be taken.

An Important Moment

As the rules for the technical operation of electrical installations say, detachment or splicing must be carried out by a person from the personnel station under the supervision of the admirer. With current-carrying parts nearest to the site and accessible for accidental (unintentional) touches either tension is released or they are shielded. The switched off state of switching devices with voltages less than 1000 V with inaccessible inspection contacts (with batch switches, non-stick machines, closed switches, etc.) is determined by checking the absence of voltage on the outgoing buses or clamps.

Organizational arrangements in electrical installations

For the safe operation of the activities it is necessary:

• Making an order, a dress or a list of actions.
• Issuance of permits for site preparation and admission in cases that are stipulated in the Rules.
• Ensure control during the activities of employees.
• To arrange breaks, transfers to another site, completion of work.

Responsible persons

Organizational measures in electric installations are carried out:

1. Give out an outfit, give orders, approve a list of actions.
2. The head of the work.
3. Issue permission for the preparation of the site and for admission in the cases specified in the Rules.
4. Observing.
5. Members of the brigade.
6. Allowing.
7. The manufacturer of works.

Tasks of responsible persons

Authorized employees determine the possibility and necessity of performing the work. They are responsible for the correctness and completeness of the security measures specified in the attire or order, the quantitative and qualitative composition of the brigade. There should be two or more people in it, among them - the manufacturer of works. The authorized persons designate the persons responsible for the safety on the site, monitor the compliance of the actions performed by groups of specialists listed in the attire. They also conduct targeted briefings with the supervisor, the manufacturer of the work or the responsible supervisor.