Sugar beet granulated: production, use, composition

One of the most effective ways to increase the productivity of farm animals is feeding them beet pulp. It contains a huge amount of useful for the body cows, pigs, sheep and goats. In addition, it is very easy to distribute such feed to animals using existing technological lines on farms.

General Product Description

The pulp is the main product of sugar beet processing . Distinguish its following varieties:

• Fresh. This is the so-called beet pulp, released from the diffusion apparatus, stored for no more than a day.

• Sour. After the raw pulp is stored in the vault for more than three days, it acquires a sour taste. At the same time, its fodder value is significantly lost.

• Depressed. The product of this type contains 10-12% of dry matter.

• Pressed. In this pulp contains more than 12% of dry matter.

Also, the producers produce beet pulp pellet, the use of which allows organizing the process of feeding animals most rationally. At the moment, such a product is becoming more popular. In addition, the farms often use a specially harvested forage harvested by special technology.

Advantages of using the product as feed

To increase the productivity of farm animals in their diet is introduced a lot of proteins. However, the assimilation of the latter is impossible without carbohydrates. The use of beet pulp and allows to fill their deficiency. In comparison with other foods containing a large amount of carbohydrates (molasses, root crops), it has the following advantages:

• Animals eagerly eat it;

• It is convenient to store and use;

• Relatively low cost and ease of delivery.

According to the efficiency of the beet pulp, beetroot is in no way inferior to molasses, which is very popular among the livestock farmers. However, the latter is used only in the liquid state. Therefore in the winter for its storage it is necessary to equip additional heated premises. In addition, it is impossible to distribute molasses to animals using conventional production lines. Give it, dissolved in water, to each cow or pig separately. Which, of course, greatly complicates the care. The pulp can be served directly on the lines, and is strictly dosed.

In root crops (potatoes, beets, etc.), sugars are contained more than in pulp. However, for their delivery to farms, it is necessary to purchase additional transport and hire a certain number of workers. In addition, they are more expensive.

Thus, there are many benefits of using pulp, and therefore at the moment it is perhaps the most popular type of food with a high carbohydrate content. In the advanced farms it was estimated that the use of pulp raises the profitability of farms specializing in raising cows by 17-25%, and pigs by 40%.

Disadvantages of use

Pulp beet pulp, the use of which to increase the productivity of livestock is fully justified, must be fed in certain quantities. Cows, when used, for example, give much more milk. However, it is fed from those animals that received a very large amount of pulp as feed, it is much quicker sour. At the same time, this milk produces too hard oil, and the cheeses mature for a long time. In calves, an overabundance of this product causes diarrhea. Therefore, the amount of pulp in the diet of animals must be strictly dosed. The permissible percentage of this type of food to others included in the diet, depends mainly on the age of farm animals.

Rates of issue

Beet pulp can be fed to animals in such quantities:

1. Young cattle - 50 kg per head per day.

2. Adult animals - 80-85 kg.

In this case, fattening animals with pulp can:

• Adults - 80-90 days;

• At the age of 3-4 years - 90-100 days;

• Young growth 1.5-2 years - 100-120 days.

When using beet pulp as a means for fattening in the diet, one must also introduce coarse fodder in an amount not less than 3-3.5 kg. Cows, for example, are usually given straw.

Methods of production of pulp: pressing

As already mentioned, this product is produced in the production of sugar. Further processing can be carried out by pressing, drying or ensiling. Sometimes a fresh meal comes to feed. But it is realized only to those farms that are close to sugar factories.

The production of beet pulp requires the use of special press lines of horizontal type. For example, when using PZHS-57 equipment from fresh product, about 35% of water is removed. The content of solids increases by 9-10%.

Preparation of silo

The fermented beet pulp is also a valuable food for farm animals. Silo it is made in a "hot" way (with shelter without access to air) at a temperature of about 50 g. Before filling in the pits, the raw material in this case is pressed to remove part of the water. The fact is that the excess of the latter slows the formation of lactic acid. The optimum humidity of pulp for ensiling is 70-75%. When laying it, straw sticks, chaff, crushed corn stalks, etc. can be added to it. To improve the quality, pure cultures of lactic acid bacteria are added to the pulp. Siloing can be done both in pits and in trenches. Also, the fermentation procedure can be carried out in the sleeves.

Drying

Of course, the pressed and silageed food of this variety is fed to the animal not in the process of its production. A significant part of it is stored. Of course, to keep the beet pulp in the warehouses raw or even pressed is undesirable. In it, rather quickly begin to occur processes of fermentation. As a result, the pulp loses its flavor, and its feed properties deteriorate significantly. Therefore, in the beet factories special workshops are created in which this product is subjected to drying. This procedure consists of several stages:

• Squeeze the water from the pulp. In this case, also pulp presses are used.

• Actually drying. At this stage, special machines of tower and drum type are used. When performing the drying, the heat of the gases of the boiler plant of the sugar plant is usually used.

• Briquetting. In this case, press equipment is also used. In the process of briquetting, a little molasses (about 20%) can be added to the pulp. This greatly increases its feed value.

Characteristics of this product, as well as others, intended for feeding to animals, regulates GOST. Beet pulp dried must contain no more than 14% moisture and no less than 7% of proteins in terms of dry matter. Sucrose in the composition of this product should include a minimum of 10%. From 100 kg of fresh pulp, 7 kg dried.

Sugar beet granulated: production

In bulk dried form this kind of food is quite convenient to store. But only in large agrarian enterprises. Owners of common household plots and small farms prefer to buy granulated pulp. In such foods, among other things, nutrients are distributed evenly. Also they are distinguished by better digestibility. They are made with such a press using special equipment - granulators and extruders.

Composition of beet pulp

In the composition of this valuable food product (dried):

• Dry matter - 86-93%;

• Water - 7-14%;

• Proteins - 7-9%;

• Fiber - 19-23%;

• BEV - 55-56%;

• Ash - 2.4-4.3%;

• Fat ratio is 0.3-0.55.

One kilogram of pulp contains 80 g of protein, 3.2 g of amino acids, 6.1 g of lysine, 5 g of calcium, 2 g of phosphorus, 154 g of sugar, 32 g of starch. In addition, this product includes biotin (0.001) and pantothenic acid (0.21). Also in dry beetle contain vitamins B1 (0.55 mg / kg), B2 (0.20), B6 (0.18), C (5.0).

Domestic producers of beet pulp

In our country this type of feed is produced by many enterprises. Buy it, you can, for example, LLC "Sotnitsynska Sugar Company", established in 2005 on the basis of OGUP "Sotnitsynsky sugar factory."

Also this product is sold to LLC "Yaragroresurs", whose head office is located in Yaroslavl. You can buy granulated beet pulp from the company Stimul (Stariy Oskol), OOO Smile (Lipetsk), Sputnik LLC (Veliky Novgorod), etc.

Rules for storage of dry bagasse

Development of agriculture and, in particular, animal husbandry, the state recently began to pay maximum attention. New enterprises of this orientation are constantly registered in the country. The demand for feed, including beet pulp, is also growing. And consequently, its production also increases. A considerable part of the dry loose pulp is sent to the farms immediately after manufacture. Some farmers also purchase the equipment and dry directly on site.

In order for the pulp to retain a large number of nutritious and useful substances for animals, it should be stored correctly. Like most other types of dried food, this product belongs to the group of capillary-porous hygroscopic. Therefore, the humidity in the room where it is stored for storage by the pulp, in no case should exceed 60%. Already at 66% in this product xerophilic mold begins to develop, at 81% - usual, and at 92% - pathogenic bacteria.

Pulp beetroot, therefore, is the most valuable fodder product, which is necessary when growing agricultural animals. But, of course, in the diet it should be added in reasonable dosages, and the storage is required correctly.