Salpingoophoritis: treatment, effects, symptoms, types

Salpingoophoritis, the treatment of acute form which is carried out only in a hospital, takes the leading place among gynecological diseases. It has complications, namely - the development of inflammation of the peritoneum, tubal infertility, pelvic pain.

Among its pathogens there are chlamydia, gonococci, ureaplasma, mycoplasma, viral infections, anaerobic flora, staphylococci, E. coli, that is, both STDs and opportunistic microorganisms. They penetrate, as a rule, in an ascending way.

Quite often the disease begins after abortions, childbirth, intrauterine interventions, including hysteroscopy, scraping, and introduction of IUD. Therefore, after such manipulations it is necessary to prevent the inflammatory process, which consists in taking antibiotics.

Salpingoophoritis, the treatment of which must necessarily be performed, is an inflammation of the uterine appendages . It can be one-sided and two-sided.

The most common right-sided salpingo-oophoritis. If the causative agents are gonococci, then the process is more often bilateral.

Symptoms of salpingoophoritis are as follows:

• temperature increase;

• nausea;

• abdominal pain;

• weakness;

• Violation of urination;

• Increase of leukocytes in the blood and shift of the formula to the left.

However, these signs also accompany such conditions as tubal pregnancy, acute appendicitis. If there are difficulties in diagnosing, then laparoscopy is performed.

If it is established that the patient has acute bilateral salpingo-oophoritis, antibiotics are prescribed. The following drugs are used:

• Tetracyclines (doxycycline);

• Fluoroquinolones (ofloxacin);

• Metronidazole;

• Clindamycin;

• Semisynthetic penicillins;

• Macrolides.

Detoxification therapy is also prescribed . With laparoscopy, the adhesions are separated, sanation, aspiration of exudate.

Complications of this disease include:

• The development of the abscess of the conglomerate, which consists of the intestinal loops, pelvic peritoneum, ovary, tube, as well as its suppuration and perforation;

• Development of pelvioperitonitis;

• Adhesive process;

• infertility.

In addition, acute salpingo-oophoritis, whose treatment was not performed in time or inadequately, can go on into a chronic form. Symptoms of the disease are:

• Pain in the abdomen, which increases with colds, hypothermia, menstruation, emotional and physical stress;

• Exacerbations are accompanied by cystitis and frequent urination;

• Infertility due to violation of the patency of pipes.

To make a diagnosis, anamnesis is studied and laparoscopy is used. Because the disease must be differentiated with chronic appendicitis and external endometriosis.

When treating this disease, taking antibiotics is only necessary if it is aggravated. The rest of the time, physiotherapy is recommended. Along with antibacterial drugs, the regimen includes plasmapheresis, antiaggregants, adaptogens, immunostimulants, interferon preparations.

As non-medicated treatment, carbonic and iodine-bromide waters are used. Effective also are UHF, electrophoresis, magnetic field, ultrasound.

Indications for hospitalization:

• Dubious diagnosis;

• No improvement;

• pregnancy;

• An inflammatory conglomerate;

• Temperatures above 38 degrees.

In the surgical treatment, spikes are divided, plastic pipes are made to restore their patency. However, fertility is restored only in 45% of cases.

Thus, acute salpingo-oophoritis, treatment of which is carried out untimely and inadequately, can have serious consequences. Among them: infertility, pain, adhesions. Therefore, therapy is also carried out in a hospital.